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    <title>RSS Feed for the unit Cànan nan Gàidheal</title>
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    <pubDate>Thu, 05 Jan 2012 11:48:05 GMT</pubDate>
    <dc:date>2012-01-05T11:48:05Z</dc:date>
    <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
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    <item>
      <title>Ro-r&amp;#xE0;dh</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;’S e d&amp;#xF9;thaich ioma-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, Albais agus Beurla, c&amp;#xF2;mhla ri c&amp;#xE0;nain E&amp;#xF2;rpach agus eile a tha nise san d&amp;#xF9;thaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile agus ris a’ ch&amp;#xF2;rr dhen t-saoghal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh an t-aonad seo - a tha ri fhaotainn an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bh&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith aig a bheil &amp;#xF9;idh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an e&amp;#xF2;las agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus cultar nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal air Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is mathaid gum bi p&amp;#xE0;irt dheth na iongnadh, p&amp;#xE0;irt na dh&amp;#xF9;bhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a thre&amp;#xF2;raicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha gum bi seo na thoiseach t&amp;#xF2;iseachaidh air c&amp;#xE0;nan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne n&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha seachd earrainnean san aonad, agus faodar d&amp;#xE8;iligeadh riutha mar a tha iad a’ tighinn no an &amp;#xF2;rdugh sam bith. Tha an t-aonad seo cuideachd ri fhaotainn air &amp;#xE0;rainn LabSpace, far am faod sibh a luchdachadh a-nuas, ur dreach fh&amp;#xE8;in a chur air na stuthan agus an cleachdadh airson teagasg no a chum leasachadh a thoirt air e&amp;#xF2;las luchd-obrach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r-innse&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;ol class=&quot;oucontent-numbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;A’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan n&amp;#xE0;iseanta ann an Alba&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Seo far an ionnsaich thu mun &amp;#xE0;ite a tha aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ri taobh Albais agus Beurla mar aon de ch&amp;#xE0;nain n&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba. Mar eisimpleir, le rannsachadh a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh air ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite dh’ionnsaichidh tu mun bhuaidh a tha aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig thairis air Alba cha mh&amp;#xF2;r air fad.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Bun-t&amp;#xF9;san Ceilteach agus sgaoileadh eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Bheir an earrainn seo dhut tuigse air bun-t&amp;#xF9;san na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan Ceilteach le dl&amp;#xF9;th ch&amp;#xE0;irdeas ri G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn. Cluinnidh tu agus ch&amp;#xEC; thu mar a thug eilthirich a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu ruige Ameireaga a Tuath agus mar a tha daoine air feadh an t-saoghail a-nise ag ionnsachadh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;A’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig san latha an-diugh&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Bheir an earrainn seo dhut dealbh air c&amp;#xF2; a tha a’ bruidhinn G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an-diugh. Cuidichidh e thu gus tuigse fhaighinn air na h-adhbharan a chr&amp;#xEC;on &amp;#xE0;ireamhan luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an Alba agus an obair a tha an Riaghaltas, ionadan foghlam agus buidhnean neo-eisimeileach a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh gus taic a thoirt dhan ch&amp;#xE0;nan agus f&amp;#xE0;s a thoirt air &amp;#xE0;ireamhan luchd-labhairt.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;A’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig – feallsanachd&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Tha an earrainn seo ag iarraidh ort beachdachadh air an luach a tha aig d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas agus ioma-c&amp;#xE0;nanas do dhaoine fa leth agus don chomann-s&amp;#xF2;isealta. Tha Sealan Nuadh na dheagh eisimpleir air mar a tha d&amp;#xF9;thchannan eile a’ str&amp;#xEC; gus d&amp;#xEC;on a chur air am mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nain agus gu bhith subhach mu na tha iad a’ cur ri beatha na d&amp;#xF9;thcha.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Mar a tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ag obair&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Cluinn mar a tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a fuaimneachadh agus faigh blasad air litreachadh agus grammar.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Cultar nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal: maoin n&amp;#xE0;iseanta&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Dealbhan, dealbhan be&amp;#xF2; agus m&amp;#xF2;ran cheangalan gus do chuideachadh a’ tuigsinn mar a tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus cultar nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal a’ cur ri beatha na h-Alba a thaobh litreachas, ealain, ce&amp;#xF2;l, dannsa agus sp&amp;#xF2;rs is cur-seachadan.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Ceistean Cumanta&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Liosta de cheistean cumanta mun Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bhios feumail do dhaoine a dh’fheumas freagairtean ann an cabhaig mu f&amp;#xEC;rinn agus figearan a thaobh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Learning outcomes</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=__learningoutcomes</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Ma chuireas tu cr&amp;#xEC;och air an aonad seo bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir gum biodh tu fiosrachail agus e&amp;#xF2;lach a thaobh:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;an t-&amp;#xE0;ite a tha aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ri taobh Albais agus Beurla mar aon de ch&amp;#xE0;nain n&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;bun-t&amp;#xF9;san na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan Ceilteach le dl&amp;#xF9;th ch&amp;#xE0;irdeas ri G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn agus sgapadh nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;c&amp;#xF2; a tha a’ bruidhinn G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an-diugh, mar a chr&amp;#xEC;on &amp;#xE0;ireamhan luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an Alba agus an obair a tha an Riaghaltas, ionadan foghlam agus buidhnean neo-eisimeileach a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh gus taic a thoirt dhan ch&amp;#xE0;nan agus f&amp;#xE0;s a thoirt air &amp;#xE0;ireamhan luchd-labhairt&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;mar a tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a fuaimneachadh&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;mar a tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus cultar nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal a’ cur ri beatha na h-Alba a thaobh litreachas, ealain, ce&amp;#xF2;l, dannsa agus sp&amp;#xF2;rs is cur-seachadan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;ceistean cumanta mun Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=__learningoutcomes</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>1.1 Ro-r&amp;#xE0;dh</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.1</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha iomadh c&amp;#xE0;nan air a bruidhinn ann an Alba agus bha riamh. Anns an d&amp;#xF2;igh sin, tha i coltach ris a’ chuid as motha de dh&amp;#xF9;thchannan air feadh an t-saoghail. Ann am beachd mh&amp;#xF2;ran, buinidh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig don Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd agus na h-eileanan air an taobh an iar, ach chan eil an sgaradh eadar G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd is Galltachd a’ riochdachadh gu coileanta eachdraidh fhada ioma-fhillte na d&amp;#xF9;thcha.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu dearbh, de na c&amp;#xE0;nanan Albannach a chaidh a chl&amp;#xE0;radh, ’s e a’ Bheurla Shasannach a-mh&amp;#xE0;in a sgaoil na b’ fharsainge na a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Alba. ’S iad na h-aon roinnean riaghlaidh anns an latha an-diugh aig nach eil dualchas G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an &amp;#xEC;re mhath m&amp;#xF2;r Na h-Eileanan mu Thuath – Arcaibh is Sealtainn. Bha na h-eileanan sin taobh a-muigh Alba (agus &amp;#x2018;A’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd’ a dh’&amp;#xE8;irich innte) nuair a bha na G&amp;#xE0;idheil a’ smachdachadh na r&amp;#xEC;oghachd, agus tha muinntir Arcaibh is Shealtainn d&amp;#xEC;leas don dualchas Lochlannach aca. Anns an aonad seo, bheir sinn s&amp;#xF9;il air a’ cheangal eadar a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus Alba, an d&amp;#xE0; chuid a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd agus a’ Ghalltachd.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>1.2 Eachdraidh</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.2</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tr&amp;#xE0;th sa chiad mh&amp;#xEC;le bliadhna AC, ’s iad c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach a bu mhotha a bh’ air am bruidhinn ann am Breatainn is &amp;#xC8;irinn. Ann am Breatainn, bha luchd-labhairt c&amp;#xE0;nan P-Ceilteach anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid; dh’&amp;#xE8;irich Cuimris, C&amp;#xF2;rnais is Breatannais &amp;#xE0;s a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan sin. Ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn, bha teanga Q-Ceilteach aig a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid – an c&amp;#xE0;nan m&amp;#xE0;thaireil aig G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba, G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann is G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn. Thathar a’ smaoineachadh gun tug imrichean &amp;#xE0; &amp;#xC8;irinn Q-Ceiltis gu p&amp;#xE0;irtean dhen Chuimrigh, a’ Ch&amp;#xF2;rn, Eilean Mhanainn agus taobh an iar na h-Alba, ach ’s ann an Alba is Eilean Mhanainn a-mh&amp;#xE0;in a mhair i be&amp;#xF2; anns an &amp;#xF9;ine fhada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil a h-uile e&amp;#xF2;laiche-eachdraidh a’ gabhail ris a’ bheachd gun do dh’&amp;#xE8;irich G&amp;#xE0;idheil na h-Alba &amp;#xE0; in-imrich de dh’ &amp;#xC8;ireannaich gu ruige Alba tr&amp;#xE0;th sa chiad mh&amp;#xEC;le bliadhna AC. Tha gu le&amp;#xF2;r dhen fhianais airson sin a’ tighinn bho sheann l&amp;#xE0;mh-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhainnean leithid Senchus Fer nAlba (Seanchas Fir Alba) agus Eachdraidhean Thigearnaich, ach chaidh na lethbhreacan a th’ againn de na sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidhean sin a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh ceudan bhliadhnaichean &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh nan tachartasan air a bheil iad ag aithris agus chan urrainn a bhith cinnteach nach deach an atharrachadh air sg&amp;#xE0;th adhbharan poilitigeach. Tha cuid de luchd-eachdraidh ag r&amp;#xE0;dh nach urrainn a bhith cinnteach nach eil na sgeulachdan mu th&amp;#xF9;s &amp;#xC8;ireannach aig G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba a’ cur am falach eachdraidh nas fhaide a tha a’ toirt nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal nas fhaide air ais na sin ann an Alba, ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha gu Linn an Iarainn (timcheall 700 RC gu 500 AC).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns na l&amp;#xE0;ithean ro chruthachadh einnseanan st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air connadh, ’s ann aig muir, seach air t&amp;#xEC;r, a bhiodh daoine a’ siubhal agus a’ gluasad am bathair. Leis cho faisg ’s a tha cladaichean ceann an ear-thuath na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann agus taobh an iar na h-Alba, bha e n&amp;#xE0;darrach gum biodh daoine anns gach d&amp;#xF9;thaich ann an dl&amp;#xF9;th-chonaltradh le ch&amp;#xE8;ile. Timcheall 500 AC bha r&amp;#xEC;oghachd bheag Dh&amp;#xE0;il Riata air a dhol an leud &amp;#xE0; Ulaidh, gus cuibhreann mh&amp;#xF2;r de thaobh an iar na h-Alba a ch&amp;#xF2;mhdachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha luchd-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh Laidinn a’ gabhail Scotti air an fheadhainn a bha a’ fuireach anns an d&amp;#xF9;thaich sin; ’s e G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bh’ aca mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan. Ann an Alba bha am fearann aca aig a’ cheann thall a’ dol bho Mhaol Chinn T&amp;#xEC;re anns a’ cheann a deas gu ruige Loch Bhraoin anns a’ cheann a tuath. ’S e Airer Go&amp;#xED;del (oirthir Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal) an t-ainm a bh’ air – Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal anns an latha an-diugh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:512px;&quot; id=&quot;v35171c39-14c8-4be8-8e68-61f720209db7&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;rioghachd_eilean_footprint.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 1 Bha an l&amp;#xE0;rach-coise anns a’ chreig aig mullach D&amp;#xF9;n Ad ann an Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal air a chleachdadh nuair a bhathas a’ coisrigeadh r&amp;#xEC;ghrean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach Dh&amp;#xE0;il Riata. Fad bhliadhnaichean bhathas an d&amp;#xF9;il gur e c&amp;#xE0;nan nan Cruithneach a bha anns an t-snaigheadh Ogham a bha faisg air l&amp;#xE0;imh ach ’s e G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a tha ann.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thachair na G&amp;#xE0;idheil ri sl&amp;#xF2;igh eile mar a thug iad buaidh air ce&amp;#xE0;rnaidhean eile de dh’Alba. Anns a’ cheann a tuath, ’s iad na Cruithnich aig an robh cumhachd; thathar a’ smaoineachadh gur e c&amp;#xE0;nan P-Ceilteach a bh’ aig a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid acasan. Thairis air a’ cheann a deas, bha na Cuimrich no Breatannaich, aig an robh c&amp;#xE0;nan P-C&amp;#xE8;ilteach cuideachd, agus anns an earra-dheas bha na h-Anglianaich, feadhainn aig an robh teanga Gearmailteach a bha na sinnsear do dh’Albais agus don Bheurla Shasannaich. Airson timcheall air 600 bliadhna, chaidh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig am meud agus an leud, a’ gabhail thairis bho ch&amp;#xE0;nanan eile, ach a-mh&amp;#xE0;in anns an fh&amp;#xEC;or cheann a tuath agus san iar-thuath, far an robh Seann Lochlannais ga lagachadh bhon 9mh linn a-mach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha eaglais Chaluim Chille (521-97) cudromach ann an leudachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. &amp;#xC0; manachainn Eilean &amp;#xCC;, a chaidh a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh le Calum Cille ann an 563, chaidh manachainnean beaga a chur air d&amp;#xF2;igh ann am m&amp;#xF2;ran &amp;#xE0;iteachan. Thug miseanaraidhean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach is Cruithneach an soisgeul thairis air an d&amp;#xF9;thaich, agus tha e coltach gun robhar a’ cleachdadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (a bharrachd air Laideann) barrachd is barrachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mar eisimpleir, tha na notaichean ann an Leabhar Dheir, a rinneadh ann am manachainn Dheir ann an t&amp;#xEC;r &amp;#xEC;osal Siorrachd Obar Dheathain anns an 12mh linn, agus a tha a’ cumail a-mach gun deach a’ mhanachainn a chur air chois gu d&amp;#xEC;reach &amp;#xE0; Eilean &amp;#xCC;, air an sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v7ef9bbf9-3b4a-4df0-a6a4-9d979468677e&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig001.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 2 Eisimpleir de na notaichean sgr&amp;#xEC;obhte an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig san 12mh linn air oir duilleig ann an Leabhar Dheir. &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_6_1.html#a0d8244f-fbf9-4904-a1e2-be39541bb110&quot;&gt;Cliog&lt;/a&gt; an seo airson faicinn c&amp;#xE0;ite a bheil Deir an Siorrachd Obar Dheathain &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ged a chanadh cuid gu bheil e iomallach an-diugh bha Eilean &amp;#xCC; ri linn Chaluim Cille aig teis mheadhan slighe mara a bha ceangal choimhearsnachdan fad oirthir an iar Alba agus ceann a tuath &amp;#xC8;irinn. &amp;#xC0;ite a bh’ ann aig an robh buaidh mhaireannach agus aig an robh l&amp;#xE0;mh chudromach ann a bhith tionndadh nan Cruithneach agus an sluagh a bha ann an Northumbria chun a’ chreideimh Chr&amp;#xEC;osdail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ’s e Eilean &amp;#xCC; no &amp;#xCC; Chaluim Cille a bha air, a’ toirt dhuinn Icolmkill, an t-ainm Beurla a bha air fad linntean. Tha an t-ainm nuadh Iona a’ tighinn bho dhroch l&amp;#xE0;mh-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh dhen Laideann Ioua (Insula).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an dealbh bhidio gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal a’ sealltainn cho cudromach agus a bha na h-Eileanan Siar air an t-slighe mhara seo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid499494&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Le cead &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/&quot;&gt;BBC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Na h-Eileanan Siar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thathas dhen bheachd gun deach an leabhar a tha ainmeil air feadh an t-saoghail, Leabhar Cheanannais (an-diugh ann an Colaiste na Trianaid am Baile Ath Cliath ), a th&amp;#xF2;iseachadh agus ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha fi&amp;#xF9; ’s a chr&amp;#xEC;ochnachadh ann an Eilean &amp;#xCC; tron ochdamh linn mus deach a thoirt a dh’&amp;#xC8;irinn airson a chumail t&amp;#xE8;arainte nuair a bha na Lochlannaich a’ toirt ionnsaighean air na h-Eileanan Siar anmoch san ochdamh linn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v5daac402-1f3a-4526-b9f9-cb01bdc7c648&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_kells.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Dsmdgold/Wikipedia&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 3 Duilleag &amp;#xE0; Leabhar Cheanannais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil fianais l&amp;#xE0;idir ann gun do smachdaich na G&amp;#xE0;idheil na Cruithnich le armachd no gun deach na Cruithnich fhuadachadh. Timcheall 841 ghabh Coinneach mac Ailpein thairis cr&amp;#xF9;n Dh&amp;#xE0;il Riata agus, d&amp;#xE0; bhliadhna &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh sin, dh’aonaich e na Cruithnich agus G&amp;#xE0;idheil fo a cheannas-san. Mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan an riaghaltais, agus m&amp;#xF2;r-inbhe aice, ghabh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig smachd gu n&amp;#xE0;iseanta, agus dh’fhalbh Cruithnis &amp;#xE0; fianais. ’S e Alba a bh’ air an r&amp;#xEC;oghachd mar ainm (mar a tha a-nise); bha an t-ainm air a bhith a’ riochdachadh Breatainn air fad anns an linn ro na h-Anglo-Sasannaich.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thathar a’ lorg Scotland air a chleachdadh le muinntir na Beurla airson a’ chiad turais anns an 11mh linn; thathar dhen bheachd gun robh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a bruidhinn le m&amp;#xF2;r-chuid dhen t-sluagh mun &amp;#xE0;m sin agus gum b’ i an teanga a bu chli&amp;#xF9;itiche san r&amp;#xEC;oghachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S ann ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh air cloich ris an canar Ogham a tha an sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh as sine ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Anns an 6mh linn AC, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, bha manaich ann an se&amp;#xF2;mraichean-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh mhanachainnean a’ t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh air aibidil c&amp;#xE0;nan na h-Eaglais – Laideann – a chleachdadh airson an c&amp;#xE0;nan fh&amp;#xE8;in a chur ann an cl&amp;#xF2;. Tha an aon aibidil (gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;r) air a bhith aig a’ Bheurla agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson &amp;#xF9;ine mh&amp;#xF2;r mh&amp;#xF2;r ach b’ fheudar na litrichean Laidinn a chleachdadh airson fuaimean a riochdachadh nach robh buileach co-ionann anns gach c&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bidh leughadairean aig nach eil ach a’ Bheurla Shasannach ag ionnsachadh gu luath nach eil na &amp;#x2018;riaghailtean’ a tha a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh ceangal eadar litrichean is buidhnean litrichean (agus a tha gu math neo-riaghailteach ann am Beurla) ag obair anns an aon d&amp;#xF2;igh ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha riaghailtean eadar-dhealaichte aig gach c&amp;#xE0;nan. Mar eisimpleir, tha &amp;#x2018;b’ ann am meadhan facail nas coltaiche ri &amp;#x2018;p’ ann am Beurla. Agus tha rud s&amp;#xF2;nraichte ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, nach eil ri lorg gu m&amp;#xF2;r ann am Beurla – an fhuaimreag thaiceil no Svarabhakti (tha an teirm a’ tighinn bho Shansgrait). Is e seo fuaimreag nach eil sgr&amp;#xEC;obhte ach a tha a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh ath-aithris (gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;r) air an fhuaimreig a bh’ ann roimhpe. Tha am facal &amp;#x2018;Alba’ fh&amp;#xE8;in na dheagh eisimpleir.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ghabh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig thairis bhon Chuimris anns a’ chuid mh&amp;#xF2;ir de cheann a deas na h-Alba, a’ gabhail a-steach seann r&amp;#xEC;oghachd Shrath Chluaidh, aig deireadh nam meadhan-aoisean. Thathar a’ smaoineachadh, &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh do dh’arm na h-Alba a’ ch&amp;#xF9;is a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh air na Northumbrianaich aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;Bl&amp;#xE0;r Charham&lt;sup&gt; 1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; (anns na Cr&amp;#xEC;ochan) ann an 1018, gun do chuireadh stad air na h-Anglianaich bho bhith a’ leudachadh ann an Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ach tha e eucoltach gun robh na G&amp;#xE0;idheil, ged a bha iad am measg nan uaislean ann an Lodainn agus san earra-dheas cho fada deas ri cr&amp;#xEC;och Shasainn (agus ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha thairis oirre), riamh anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid anns a’ che&amp;#xE0;rnaidh sin. Ann an 1091, nuair a bha am fearann gu tuath air Abhainn Thuaidh fo cheannas r&amp;#xEC;gh G&amp;#xE0;idhealach (ach a-mh&amp;#xE0;in anns an fh&amp;#xEC;or cheann a tuath is taobh an iar a bha fo smachd nan Lochlannach), tha an Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ag innse dhuinn gun deach Maolchalum III (1058-93) le arm &amp;#x2018;ut of Scotlande into Lodene on Englaland’ (a-mach &amp;#xE0; Alba gu ruige Lodainn ann an Sasainn); thathar an d&amp;#xF9;il gu bheil sin a’ ciallachadh gur e a’ Bheurla an c&amp;#xE0;nan a bu chumhachdaiche ann an Lodainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nuair a bha Maolchalum III air an r&amp;#xEC;gh-chathair, bha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ tighinn fo dh&amp;#xF9;bhlan mar phr&amp;#xEC;omh ch&amp;#xE0;nan na r&amp;#xEC;oghachd; faodar a r&amp;#xE0;dh gun do th&amp;#xF2;isich cr&amp;#xEC;onadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an ceann a deas agus taobh an ear na h-Alba timcheall air deireadh an 11mh linn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha grunn ch&amp;#xE0;nanan, a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig nam measg, aig &amp;#x2018;Calum a’ Chinn Mh&amp;#xF2;ir’ (bha am far-ainm a’ buntainn ri a cheannas no ri meud a chinn). Ghabh e an r&amp;#xEC;gh-chathair &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh b&amp;#xE0;s MhicBheatha aig Bl&amp;#xE0;r Lann Fhionghain ann an 1057. Ph&amp;#xF2;s e Mairead, bana-phrionnsa a bha leth-Shasannach; bha a br&amp;#xE0;thair an d&amp;#xF9;il cr&amp;#xF9;n Shasainn a ghabhail dha fh&amp;#xE8;in ach chaill e a chothrom an cois mar a ghabh Normanaich Sasainn thairis ann an 1066. Bhrosnaich Mairead, a rinneadh na naomh aig a’ cheann thall, adhbhar na Beurla anns a’ ch&amp;#xF9;irt r&amp;#xEC;oghail agus san Eaglais.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v7fd57237-c76c-4234-923f-c3fd1995ac63&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig022.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 4 A’ bhanrigh Mairead, a bhrosnaich adhbhar na Beurla anns a’ ch&amp;#xF9;irt r&amp;#xEC;oghail agus san Eaglais&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;St&amp;#xE8;idhich r&amp;#xEC;ghrean &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh Mhaolchaluim bailtean le inbhe r&amp;#xEC;oghail ann an Alba nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal anns am biodh an luchd-riaghlaidh, aig an robh sinnsearachd Normanach no Flannrasach gu tric, d&amp;#xEC;leas don chr&amp;#xF9;n agus do chleachdadh na Beurla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fhuair uaislean Anglo-Normanach fearann ann an grunn &amp;#xE0;iteachan. Ged a b’ iad Fraingis Normanach agus Laideann na c&amp;#xE0;nanan a b’ fhe&amp;#xE0;rr leotha aig t&amp;#xF9;s, th&amp;#xE0;inig iad fo bhuaidh na Beurla. An aghaidh sin, bha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;fineachan G&amp;#xE0;idhealach le t&amp;#xF9;s Normanach&lt;sup&gt; 2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; – mar na Frisealaich, Granntaich is Siosalaich – a ghabh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan. Aig an &amp;#xEC;re seo, ’s ann d&amp;#xEC;reach anns a’ cheann a deas agus air a’ chosta sear a bha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ cr&amp;#xEC;onadh agus, a dh’aindeoin ’s gun robhar a’ bruidhinn Beurla, Fraingis is Laideann anns a’ ch&amp;#xF9;irt r&amp;#xEC;oghail, a bha a-nise st&amp;#xE8;idhichte ann an D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann, ’s e a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bh’ aig a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de shluagh na h-Alba. Thathar a’ smaoineachadh nach do chaill i an suidheachadh sin chun a’ 15mh linn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an Historia Majoris Britanniae (1521), sgr&amp;#xEC;obh Iain Major, feallsanaiche a rugadh ann an Lodainn, mun sgaradh ch&amp;#xE0;nanach ann an Alba, a’ gabhail &amp;#x2018;Irish’ air na G&amp;#xE0;idheil: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-quote oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;The Irish tongue is in use among the former, the English tongue amongst the latter. One half of Scotland speaks Irish and all these as well as the Islanders &amp;#x2026; belong to the Wild Scots. In dress, in the manner of their outward life, and in good morals, .. these come behind the householding Scots.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ged a rinn e soilleir, mar a rinn Goill eile na latha, nach robh sp&amp;#xE8;is mh&amp;#xF2;r sam bith aige do na G&amp;#xE0;idheil, sgr&amp;#xEC;obh e &amp;#x2018;most of us spoke Irish a short time ago’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cha do chuir na r&amp;#xEC;ghrean an c&amp;#xF9;il ri dualchas nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal, ge-t&amp;#xE0;. Mar eisimpleir bha Alasdair III air a chr&amp;#xF9;nadh ann an Sg&amp;#xE0;in ann an 1249 anns an n&amp;#xF2;s thraidiseanta Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealach. Bha d&amp;#xF9;thchas measgaichte aig Raibeart Brus, R&amp;#xEC;gh nan Albannach eadar 1306 agus 1329, agus am buadhair aig Bl&amp;#xE0;r Allt a’ Bhonnaich ann an 1314; tha d&amp;#xF9;il gun robh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig am measg nan c&amp;#xE0;nanan aige. Bha d&amp;#xF9;thchas Normanach aig athair agus bha a’ mh&amp;#xE0;thair &amp;#xE0;s a’ Charraig (a-nise ann an ceann a deas Siorrachd Adhair) a bha na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd l&amp;#xE0;idir aig an &amp;#xE0;m sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha Foirgheall Obar Bhrothaig na thagradh (sgr&amp;#xEC;obhte ann an Laideann) don Ph&amp;#xE0;p ann an 1320, a’ sireadh aithneachadh oifigeil do dh’Alba mar r&amp;#xEC;oghachd neo-eisimeileach. Rinn am Foirgheall soilleir gun robh uaislean na r&amp;#xEC;oghachd gan tomhas fh&amp;#xE8;in mar Albannaich (G&amp;#xE0;idheil) seach Cuimrich (Breatannaich), Cruithnich, Nirribhich, D&amp;#xE0;naich no Sasannaich. ’S iad na G&amp;#xE0;idheil gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;r a chruthaich f&amp;#xE8;in-aithne n&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;v5750c2a5-52d1-42d9-bd43-97ed8b4a9387&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id499722.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig002.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id499722.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 5 &amp;#x2018;S e sgr&amp;#xEC;obhainn ainmeil a tha ann an Foirgheall Obar Bhrothaig a tha air a chumail ann an Tasglann N&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba. Air a sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh aig &amp;#xE0;m cogaidhean na saorsa an aghaidh nan Sasannach a th&amp;#xF2;isich nuair a dh’fheuch &amp;#xC8;ideard 1 ri smachd fhaighinn air Alba ann an 1296, tha an litir seo chun a’ Ph&amp;#xE0;p bho iarlan agus barain na d&amp;#xF9;thcha ag iarraidh air gabhail ri Alba mar dh&amp;#xF9;thaich neo-eisimeileach. Ged a chuireadh e&amp;#xF2;laichean an-diugh ceist nan tagradh gu robh na h-Albannaich air imrich a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh bho &amp;#x2018;greater Scythia by the Tyrrene Sea and the Pillars of Hercules’ tha an creideas a bha aca ann am f&amp;#xE8;in-aithne Albannach follaiseach nuair a tha iad ag agairt, &amp;#x2018;Britons they first drove out, the Picts they utterly destroyed, and, even though very often assailed by the Norwegians, the Danes and the English, they took possession of that home with many victories and untold efforts; and, as the historians of old time bear witness, they have held it free of all bondage ever since.’&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id499722&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id499722&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fhad ’s a bha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ cr&amp;#xEC;onadh anns a’ cheann a deas agus air a’ chosta an ear, ’s ann air an rathad eile a bha gnothaichean a’ dol anns a’ cheann a tuath agus san iar-thuath, le m&amp;#xF2;ran dhaoine aig an robh dualchas Lochlannach no Lochlannach-G&amp;#xE0;idhealach a’ tionndadh chun na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. ’S d&amp;#xF2;cha gur e am fear a b’ ainmeile dhiubh sin Somhairle, a tha a’ nochdadh an toiseach ann an 1140 mar regulus no r&amp;#xEC;gh Chinn T&amp;#xEC;re. Nuair a chaochail an d&amp;#xE0; chuid, Daibhidh I nan Albannach agus Amhlaibh, R&amp;#xEC;gh Mhanainn, ann an 1153, leudaich Somhairle an sg&amp;#xEC;re a bha fo a smachd, a dh’aindeoin m&amp;#xEC;-thoileachas nan Nirribheach a bha dhen bheachd gur ann leothasan a bha na h-eileanan. Mu dheireadh, bha r&amp;#xEC;oghachd-mhara aige a bha a’ dol eadar Eilean Mhanainn agus Le&amp;#xF2;dhas, agus dh’fh&amp;#xE0;s Innse Gall G&amp;#xE0;idhealach a-rithist. Dh’&amp;#xE8;irich R&amp;#xEC;oghachd no Tighearnas nan Eilean &amp;#xE0;s a dh&amp;#xEC;leab – r&amp;#xEC;oghachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealach a thug d&amp;#xF9;bhlan do r&amp;#xEC;ghrean na h-Alba air an taobh an iar agus a chaidh fodha d&amp;#xEC;reach aig deireadh a’ 15mh linn. Coimhead air an bhidio gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal airson an tuilleadh ionnsachadh mu Thighearnas nan Eilean. Tha cuideam ga chur air neart na fo-r&amp;#xEC;oghachd seo aig an robh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar phr&amp;#xEC;omh ch&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid499790&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Le cead &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/&quot;&gt;BBC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Tighearnas nan Eilean&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Leig Nirribhidh seachad a h-uachdranas air a t&amp;#xEC;rean ann an Alba, ach a-mh&amp;#xE0;in Arcaibh is Sealtainn, do chr&amp;#xF9;n na h-Alba ann an Co-ch&amp;#xF2;rdadh Pheairt (1266). Thug sin neart don Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air feadh an taoibh an iar agus sa cheann a tuath, agus fhuair i l&amp;#xE0;mh-an-uachdair air Lochlannais anns na h-eileanan. Bha Norn, an c&amp;#xE0;nan ionadail a dh’&amp;#xE8;irich bhon t-Seann Lochlannais, be&amp;#xF2; airson &amp;#xF9;ine ann an Gallaibh ach chaill i ann am farpais le Albais ann an leth an ear-thuath dhen sg&amp;#xEC;re agus le G&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns an leth eile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thug a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus an t-Seann Lochlannais buaidh air a ch&amp;#xE8;ile thar nan ceudan, a’ f&amp;#xE0;gail d&amp;#xEC;leab a ghabhas faicinn fhathast ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (ghabh Lochlannais faclan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a-staigh cuideachd – leithid &amp;#xE0;irigh, coinneamh agus gadan – ach cha chluinnear Norn ann an Alba tuilleadh). Tha t&amp;#xF9;s Lochlannach aig faclan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar uinneag, sgeir agus sgarbh, mar a th’ aig m&amp;#xF2;ran dhen bhriathrachas co-cheangailte ris a’ mhuir. ’S d&amp;#xF2;cha gun tug Lochlannais buaidh cuideachd air d&amp;#xF2;ighean labhairt nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal, leithid a’ bhlas-chainnt Le&amp;#xF2;dhasach agus an ro-analachadh ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba nach cluinnear ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann. ’S e ro-analachadh am fuaim mar &amp;#x2018;h’ no &amp;#x2018;ch’ a nochdas ro chuid de chonnragan (mar eisimpleir, canaidh na h-&amp;#xC8;ireannaich &amp;#x2018;mak’ seach &amp;#x2018;machk’ airson mac).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aig deireadh an 14mh linn, bha a’ Bheurla air f&amp;#xE0;s cho cumhachdach ann an ceann a deas is taobh an ear na h-Alba gun robh &amp;#x2018;Highlander’ (no Hielandman) co-ionann ri &amp;#x2018;neach-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig’. Do na G&amp;#xE0;idheil, b’ iad &amp;#x2018;garbh chr&amp;#xEC;ochan’ a’ chinn a tuath A’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd agus b’ iad t&amp;#xEC;rean &amp;#xEC;osal a’ chinn a deas A’ Ghalltachd, ged a bha na G&amp;#xE0;idheil riamh mothachail do na ceanglaichean eachdraidheil eadar an c&amp;#xE0;nan agus na sg&amp;#xEC;rean de dh’Alba a bh’ air a dhol Gallta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aig an &amp;#xE0;m sin, bha droch bheachd aig m&amp;#xF2;ran de luchd na Beurla air na G&amp;#xE0;idheil; bha iad dhen bheachd gun robh na G&amp;#xE0;idheil aig &amp;#xEC;re na b’ &amp;#xEC;sle a thaobh cultar is gnothaichean s&amp;#xF2;isealta. Ach, mar a sgr&amp;#xEC;obh fear dhiubh, John of Fordun, anns na 1380an, bha iad fh&amp;#xE8;in fhathast a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh tuairisgeul dhen Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar &amp;#x2018;a’ chainnt Albannach’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;[T]wo languages are spoken among them, the Scottish and the Teutonic; the latter of which is the language of those who occupy the seaboard and plains, while the race of Scottish speech inhabits the Highlands and out-lying islands. The people of the coast are of domestic and civilised habits, trusty, patient and urbane, decent in their attire, affable and peaceful, devout in Divine worship &amp;#x2026; the Highlanders and people of the islands, on the other hand, are a savage and untamed nation, rude and independent, given to rapine, ease-loving, of a docile and warm disposition, comely in person, but unsightly in dress, hostile to the English-speaking people and language &amp;#x2026; and exceedingly cruel.’&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>1.3 Ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite</title>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Chithear sgaoileadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig thairis air Alba anns na h-ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite a dh’fh&amp;#xE0;g na G&amp;#xE0;idheil &amp;#xE0;s an d&amp;#xE8;idh. Uaireannan, rinn na G&amp;#xE0;idheil atharrachadh air ainmean a chaidh a chruthachadh na bu tr&amp;#xE0;ithe le luchd-labhairt na Cruithnis, Cuimris, Lochlannais no eadhon na Beurla, ach gu math tric chruthaich iad ainmean &amp;#xF9;ra (cuid dhiubh a chaidh a leasachadh a-rithist an ceann &amp;#xF9;ine le luchd-labhairt ch&amp;#xE0;nanan eile).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an eileamaid Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig baile – &amp;#xE0;ite anns an robh daoine a’ fuireach fad na t&amp;#xEC;de a dh’fhaodadh a bhith cho beag ri baile-fearainn ach cho m&amp;#xF2;r ri cathair-bhaile – gu math pailt; nochdaidh e ann an dreach na Beurla mar bal-, balla- no uaireannan bella-. Tha sgaoileadh ainmean baile a’ sealltainn mar a sgaoil a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig fh&amp;#xE8;in thar Alba, le &amp;#xE0;ireamh mh&amp;#xF2;r dhiubh ann an Siorrachd Obar Dheathain, Siorrachd Aonghais agus F&amp;#xEC;obha, agus eisimpleirean rin lorg ann an &amp;#xE0;iteachan mar Siorrachd Chille Chuithbeirt (Balcary, Balmaclellan, Balmingan), Siorrachd Dh&amp;#xF9;n Phris (Ballaggan, Baltersan), Siorrachd Shalcraig (Balnakiel) agus Lodainn an Ear (Balgone, Ballencrieff).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e eileamaid eile achadh (gu tric air a ghiorrachadh gu acha- no ach-). ’S iad na h-aon ph&amp;#xE0;irtean de dh’Alba far a bheil a leithid gann am f&amp;#xEC;or earra-dheas, ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha a chionn ’s nach robh na G&amp;#xE0;idheil a rinn tuineachadh an sin ag obrachadh na talmhainn gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;r, agus na h-Eileanan an Iar, air s&amp;#xE0;illibh buaidh nan ainmean Lochlannach an sin. Ann an ceann a deas is taobh an iar na d&amp;#xF9;thcha, tha an eileamaid air a gl&amp;#xE8;idheadh ann an dreach na Beurla mar auch- mar as trice; ’s iad eisimpleirean dheth sin Auchinbo agus Auchintoul (Siorrachd Obar Dheathain), Auchendinny agus Auchendoon ann am Meadhan Lodainn, agus Auchabrick is Auchenree ann an Siorrachd na h-&amp;#xD9;ige. Air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd gheibhear eisimpleirean mar Achachork is Achnacloich (An t-Eilean Sgitheanach), Achanalt is Achnashellach (Siorrachd Rois) agus Achavanich (Gallaibh).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ged a dh’fhaodas seann ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite a bhith doirbh a thuigsinn uaireannan, tha an fheadhainn a chaidh a chruthachadh no a chleachdadh anns a’ bheag-&amp;#xF9;ine a dh’fhalbh (a’ chuid as motha air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd) an &amp;#xEC;re mhath follaiseach. Mar eisimpleir, ’s e Achachork Achadh a’ Choirce, ’s e Achnacloich Achadh na Cloiche, ’s e Achanalt Achadh nan Allt agus tha Achnashellach a’ riochdachadh Achadh nan Seileach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am measg eileamaidean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig eile a tha a’ nochdadh ann am farsaingeachd de sg&amp;#xEC;rean ann an Alba, tha kil- (cill), tully- no tilly- (tulach) agus knock- (cnoc). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S iad eisimpleirean de dh’ainmean le cill annta – Kilmarnock, Kilbirnie agus Kilpatrick (Siorrachd &amp;#xC0;ir), Kilbride (grunnan dhiubh ann an Siorrachd Lannraig, Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal is eile), Kilallan (Siorrachd Rinn Fri&amp;#xF9;), Kilfeddar (Siorrachd na h-&amp;#xD9;ige), Kilbucho (Siorrachd nam Puballan), Kilconquhar (F&amp;#xEC;obha) agus Kildrummy (Siorrachd Obar Dheathain).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha tulach a’ nochdadh ann an &amp;#xE0;iteachan mar Tillydrine, Tillyfourie agus Tillytarmont (Siorrachd Obar Dheathain) agus Tullybelton, Tullyfergus is Tullymurdoch (Siorrachd Pheairt).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear cnoc ann am Big Knock (Siorrachd nam Puballan), East Knock is West Knock (Siorrachd Aonghais) agus m&amp;#xF2;ran &amp;#xE0;iteachan air a bheil Knock no The Knock.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd, chruinnich an Suirbhidh &amp;#xD2;rdanais ainmean sl&amp;#xE0;na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, air nach deach atharrachadh sam bith a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh. Tha feadhainn dhiubh a’ dol air ais gu l&amp;#xE0;ithean Dh&amp;#xE0;il Riata ach tha m&amp;#xF2;ran dhiubh nas &amp;#xF9;ire na sin. Tha cumadh fillte air gu le&amp;#xF2;r dhiubh agus tha iad d&amp;#xF9;bhlanach do mh&amp;#xF2;ran Albannach an-diugh, ach tha iad cuideachd air leth beartach mar ph&amp;#xE0;irt de dhualchas na h-Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Smaoinich, mar eisimpleir, air na tha de dh’fhiosrachadh ann an ainmean leithid Meall a’ Choire Chreagaich, Cnoc Alltan Iain Duinn, Allt Cnoc &amp;#xC0;irigh an t-Seilich Bhig agus Rubha Camas nam Meanbh-chuileag.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cleachd na ceangalan gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal airson &amp;#xE8;isteachd ri fuaimneachadh nan ainmean:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid499943&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-audiodownloadlink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;meall_a_choire_chreagaich.mp3?forcedownload=1&quot; title=&quot;Download this audio clip&quot;&gt;Download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Meall a’ Choire Chreagaich&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid499952&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-audiodownloadlink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;cnoc_alltan_iain_duinn.mp3?forcedownload=1&quot; title=&quot;Download this audio clip&quot;&gt;Download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Cnoc Alltan Iain Duinn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid499961&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-audiodownloadlink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;allt_cnoc_airigh_an_t-seilich_bhig.mp3?forcedownload=1&quot; title=&quot;Download this audio clip&quot;&gt;Download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Allt Cnoc &amp;#xC0;irigh an t-Seilich Bhig&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid499970&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-audiodownloadlink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;rubha_camas_nam_meanbh-chuileag.mp3?forcedownload=1&quot; title=&quot;Download this audio clip&quot;&gt;Download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Rubha Camas nam Meanbh-chuileag&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ma tha thu airson fuaimneachadh ainmean na Rothach, beanntan Alba a tha os cionn 3,000 troigh, a chluinntinn ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig cliog &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cnag.org.uk/fuaimneachadh_nam_beann.php&quot;&gt;an seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cleachd am mapa gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal airson fiosrachadh fhaotainn mu ainmean cuid de bhailtean na h-Alba, d&amp;#xE8; tha iad a’ ciallachadh agus mar a chanar iad ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid499993&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.3</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>1.4 Cruthachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.4</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Aig deireadh an 15mh linn, bha an fheadhainn aig an robh Beurla na Galltachd air t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh air &amp;#x2018;Scottis’ a ghabhail air an cainnt, a’ sealltainn, ged a bha an c&amp;#xE0;nan aca dl&amp;#xF9;th-ch&amp;#xE0;irdeach do theanga an n&amp;#xE0;bannan ann an Sasainn, gun robh f&amp;#xE8;in-aithne Albannach aca. Ghabh a’ Bheurla Ghallta, no Albais mar a their m&amp;#xF2;ran rithe an-diugh, agus a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig briathrachas bho ch&amp;#xE8;ile, mar a thachair le Albais is Lochlannais, agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig is Lochlannais.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S iad eisimpleirean de dh’fhaclan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a th&amp;#xE0;inig bho Albais &lt;i&gt;bodhaig&lt;/i&gt; (&amp;#xE0; bouk, corp), &lt;i&gt;d&amp;#xEC;g&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;e&amp;#xE0;rlas&lt;/i&gt; (&amp;#xE0; arles), &lt;i&gt;poca&lt;/i&gt; (&amp;#xE0; poke) agus &lt;i&gt;radan&lt;/i&gt; (&amp;#xE0; rattan). Am measg fhaclan ann an Albais a th&amp;#xE0;inig bhon Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig tha &lt;i&gt;ben&lt;/i&gt; (beinn), &lt;i&gt;claymore&lt;/i&gt; (claidheamh m&amp;#xF2;r), &lt;i&gt;corrie&lt;/i&gt; (coire), &lt;i&gt;ghillie&lt;/i&gt; (gille), &lt;i&gt;kyle&lt;/i&gt; (caol), &lt;i&gt;machair&lt;/i&gt; agus &lt;i&gt;whisky&lt;/i&gt; (uisge-beatha).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ach, a dh’aindeoin ’s gun robh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig na c&amp;#xE0;nan t&amp;#xF9;sail aig r&amp;#xEC;oghachd na h-Alba, th&amp;#xF2;isich sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadairean Gallta air Irische no Ersch a ghabhail oirre. Chithear sin anns an d&amp;#xE0;n ainmeil dh&amp;#xF9;bhlanach ris an canar &amp;#x2018;Flyting of Dunbar and Kennedy’, a chaidh a sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh ann an Albais timcheall air 1505, anns a bheil Uilleam Dunbar &amp;#xE0; Lodainn a’ magadh air Bhaltar Ceanadach, aig an robh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar chiad ch&amp;#xE0;nan, airson a bhith &lt;i&gt;Heland&lt;/i&gt; agus na &lt;i&gt;Ersch Katherane&lt;/i&gt; (gu h-&amp;#xEC;oranach a’ cleachdadh facal a fhuaras bhon Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig). Air an l&amp;#xE0;imh eile, tha an Ceanadach ag innse don Bh&amp;#xE0;rrach gur i a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig &lt;i&gt;all trew Scottismennis leid&lt;/i&gt; (c&amp;#xE0;nan nam f&amp;#xEC;or Albannach gu l&amp;#xE8;ir) agus tha e ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gur d&amp;#xF2;cha gum biodh an Gall na bu riaraichte nam biodh e a’ fuireach ann an Sasainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cha robh Bhaltar Ceanadach, a bha cli&amp;#xF9;mhor is ainmeil, &amp;#xE0; G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd a’ chinn a tuath idir, ach &amp;#xE0;s a’ Charraig. Dh’fhan a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig be&amp;#xF2; anns an sg&amp;#xEC;re sin agus Gall-Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealaibh (theirear G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Ghall-Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealaibh ris an dualchainnt) fada &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh dhi a dhol b&amp;#xE0;s anns a’ ch&amp;#xF2;rr de th&amp;#xEC;r-m&amp;#xF2;r ceann a deas na h-Alba; bha i fhathast air a bruidhinn an sin anns an 17mh linn. Mhair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Arainn, a thathar a’ smaoineachadh a bha car coltach ri G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Ghall-Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealaibh, be&amp;#xF2; chun an fhicheadamh linn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an d&amp;#xEC;-meas a bha am B&amp;#xE0;rrach a’ sealltainn do fhreumhan a’ Cheanadaich anns a’ Charraig (Siorrachd &amp;#xC0;ir) soilleir anns an earrainn a leanas:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sic eloquence as thay in Erschry use,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In sic is sett thy thraward appetyte.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thow hes full littill feill of fair indyte.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I tak on me, ane pair of Lowthiane hippis&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sall fairar Inglis mak and mair perfyte&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Than thow can blabbar with thy Carrik lippis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;Such eloquence as they in Irishry [Gaeldom] use&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is what defines your perverse taste.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;You have very small aptitude for good verse-making.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I'll wager, a pair of &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lothian&quot;&gt;Lothian&lt;/a&gt; hips&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Shall fairer English make and more polished&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Than thou can blabber with thy &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrick,_Scotland&quot;&gt;Carrick&lt;/a&gt; lips.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aig deireadh an 16mh linn, thathar a’ smaoineachadh gun robh an d&amp;#xE0;rna leth de mhuinntir na h-Alba a’ fuireach gu tuath air Uisge Tatha agus nach robh ach a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan aig cuid mhath dhiubh. Bha an cainnt, d&amp;#xF2;igh-beatha agus uaireannan an neo-dh&amp;#xEC;lseachd don r&amp;#xEC;gh ann an D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann na adhbhar gr&amp;#xE0;in do R&amp;#xEC;gh Seumas VI, agus th&amp;#xF2;isich esan air ro-innleachd airson a r&amp;#xEC;oghachd aonachadh le bhith ag atharrachadh muinntir na h-Alba gu sluagh aona-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach na Beurla. Rinn e oidhirp gus cumhachd nam fineachan G&amp;#xE0;idhealach a bhriseadh agus Goill a chur air fearann Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal. Cha robh e soirbheachail, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, ann an Le&amp;#xF2;dhas, far an do chuir muinntir an eilein an aghaidh buidheann air an robh The Fife Adventurers le str&amp;#xEC; is f&amp;#xF2;irneart.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#xC0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh aonadh Cr&amp;#xF9;intean Shasainn is na h-Alba ann an 1603, bha an r&amp;#xEC;gh (a-nise Seumas I Shasainn) ann an suidheachadh na bu l&amp;#xE0;idire airson a phoileasaidh gus a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chur &amp;#xE0; bith a choileanadh. Ann an Reachdas &amp;#xCC; (1609) thug e air cinn-chinnidh nam fineachan am mic a bu shine a chur gu sgoil air a’ Ghalltachd, agus tha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;Achd na Comhairle Dh&amp;#xEC;omhair&lt;sup&gt; 3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; air 10 D&amp;#xF9;bhlachd 1616 a’ foillseachadh a’ mhiann gum bi a’ &amp;#x2018;vulgar Inglishe toung &amp;#x2026; universallie plantit, and the Irische language &amp;#x2026; may be abolisheit and removeit’. Bha an Achd a’ brosnachadh st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh sgoiltean Beurla anns a h-uile paraiste, ge bith d&amp;#xE8; an c&amp;#xE0;nan a bhathar a’ bruidhinn annta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh a thomhas gun robh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig 290,000 duine, 23 &amp;#xE0;s a’ cheud de shluagh na h-Alba, ann an 1755. Bha e s&amp;#xEC;os beagan gu 254,000 ann an 1891 ach an uair sin, cha robh am figear a’ riochdachadh ach 6.8 &amp;#xE0;s a’ cheud de mhuinntir na d&amp;#xF9;thcha. Bha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a dhol na mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nan gu n&amp;#xE0;iseanta ged a bha i l&amp;#xE0;idir fhathast gu h-ionadail ann am p&amp;#xE0;irtean dhen Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd is na h-Eileanan.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.4</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>1.5 Creideamh</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.5</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Leis gun deach a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chur a-mach &amp;#xE0; riaghaltas agus a’ chuid as motha de raointean poblach na d&amp;#xF9;thcha, bha an Eaglais gu math cudromach mar fhear de na h-&amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan n&amp;#xE0;iseanta far am bite a’ cleachdadh a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain ann an suidheachadh &amp;#xE0;rd-chainnteach. Bhon 17mh linn a-mach, rinn an Eaglais oidhirp gus ministreachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chur an s&amp;#xE0;s air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd, ged a bha duilgheadasan aca le gainnead mhinistearan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ge-t&amp;#xE0;, bha m&amp;#xF2;ran le &amp;#xE0;rd-dhreuchdan air a’ Ghalltachd fada an aghaidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus chuireadh bacadh air eadar-theangachadh nan sgriobtaran don ch&amp;#xE0;nan. B’ e a’ chiad oidhirp an ath-bhualadh ann an 1690 dhen Bh&amp;#xEC;oball ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann – ann an cl&amp;#xF2; R&amp;#xF2;manach, seach &amp;#xC8;ireannach. Cha robh seo uabhasach soirbheachail, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, oir bha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig &amp;#xC8;ireannach Chlasaigeach anns a’ Bh&amp;#xEC;oball p&amp;#xEC;os math air falbh bho chainnt nan daoine &amp;#xE0;bhaisteach ann an Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chuireadh cr&amp;#xEC;och air an Tiomnadh Nuadh Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an 1767 agus rinneadh an Seann Tiomnadh ann an 1801, d&amp;#xE0; cheud bliadhna &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh dhan Bh&amp;#xEC;oball nochdadh ann an Cuimris.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v55b28bbb-b2c4-4b32-9edd-7bc4a0f36a9f&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id500206.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig003.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id500206.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 6 Air taobh a-muigh Eaglais na h-Alba an Cill Fhinn an Siorrachd Pheairt tha carragh-cuimhne an Urr. Seumas Sti&amp;#xF9;bhart a dh’eadar-theangaich an Tiomnadh Nuadh gu G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id500206&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id500206&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.5</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>1.6 Foghlam</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.6</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Chuir eilthireachd (an d&amp;#xE0; chuid saor-thoileach agus &amp;#xE8;iginneach) &amp;#xE0;s do dh’fh&amp;#xE0;s n&amp;#xE0;darrach sam bith a bh’ air a bhith ann an sluagh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Dh’obraich siostam an fhoghlaim an aghaidh a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain cuideachd. Bha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;The Society in Scotland for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge&lt;sup&gt; 4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, a chaidh a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh ann an 1709, cudromach ann am foghlam Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal &amp;#xF2;ga tro na 18mh agus 19mh linntean. An toiseach, bha n&amp;#xE0;imhdeas m&amp;#xF2;r aca don ch&amp;#xE0;nan agus bha casg eadhon air labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns an raon-chluiche.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an 1750, dh’ iarr an Society air sgoilearan &amp;#x2018;either in the School house or when playing about the doors thereof to speak Earse [G&amp;#xE0;idhlig] on pain of being chastised and that the Schoolmasters appoint Censors to note down and report to the Schoolmaster such as transgress this rule’, ach ann an 1766 thug iad cead do leughadh ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, leis an amas leughadh na Beurla a thoirt am feabhas am measg clann Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealach. Agus ann an 1825, len s&amp;#xF9;ilean fhathast air suidheachadh na Beurla a thoirt am feabhas, mhol iad gum biodh clann le G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &amp;#x2018;instead of being taught first to read English as has been Universally practiced throughout the Highlands, be taught first to read Gaelic’. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ge-ta, nuair a th&amp;#xE0;inig foghlam fo smachd na st&amp;#xE0;ite mar thoradh air Achd an Fhoghlaim (Alba) ann an 1872, bha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air fh&amp;#xE0;gail taobh a-muigh an t-siostaim fhoghlaim a dh’aona-ghnothach. Tha beachd Mhgr D Sime, Neach-sgr&amp;#xF9;daidh nan Sgoiltean ann an Ros, Gallaibh is Cataibh a’ riochdachadh d&amp;#xF2;igh-smaoineachaidh nan &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan aig an &amp;#xE0;m. Ann an 1878, sgr&amp;#xEC;obh e, &amp;#x2018;I should regard the teaching of Gaelic in schools in any shape or form as a most serious misfortune.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ged a dh’aithnich achdan foghlaim an fhicheadamh linn gun robh c&amp;#xF2;ir aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bhith air a teagasg mar chuspair ann an &amp;#xE0;ireamh bheag sgoiltean, cha deach siostam foghlaim d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach ath-st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh riamh. Bhathar a’ dol a chumail na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu tur air an iomall agus, anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de shiostam foghlaim na h-Alba, ’s e sin an suidheachadh a th’ aice fhathast.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mar thoradh air sin, tha inbhe is cli&amp;#xF9; na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air s&amp;#xEC;or dhol nas &amp;#xEC;sle. Chan eil cuid mhath dhen t-sluagh fiosrachail mu &amp;#xE0;ite na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan t&amp;#xF9;sail aig r&amp;#xEC;oghachd na h-Alba no gun robh i air a bruidhinn thar a’ chuid mh&amp;#xF2;r dhen d&amp;#xF9;thaich. Tha a’ chuid as motha de dh’Albannaich neo-chomasach air mapa na h-Alba a leughadh is a thuigsinn, oir tha c&amp;#xF2;rr is an d&amp;#xE0;rna leth dheth c&amp;#xF2;mhdaichte le ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dh’obraich droch shuidheachadh an fhoghlaim an co-bhuinn ri eaconamaidh thruagh agus call sluaigh air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd gus &amp;#xE0;ireamh nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal a lughdachadh gu nas lugha na 100,000 ro dheireadh an 20mh linn. Mar beag-chuid a thaobh c&amp;#xE0;nain is cultair ann an d&amp;#xF9;thaich a th’ air tighinn fo mh&amp;#xF2;r-bhuaidh na Beurla, an c&amp;#xE0;nan as cumhachdaiche san t-saoghal airson conaltradh, saidheans is malairt, tha na G&amp;#xE0;idheil air a bhith dhen bheachd aig amannan gun robh m&amp;#xF2;ran ann an Alba neo-thaiceil dhaibh agus a’ coimhead s&amp;#xEC;os orra mar shluagh. Th&amp;#xE0;inig m&amp;#xF2;ran dhiubh fo bhuaidh a’ bheachd gun robh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ag obair an aghaidh adhartais, agus sguir iad bho bhith ga bruidhinn anns an dachaigh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ach tha gu le&amp;#xF2;r taobh a-staigh coimhearsnachd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, agus an luchd-taice air feadh Alba agus san t-saoghal mh&amp;#xF2;r, nach do thr&amp;#xE8;ig an seasamh nach i a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a-mh&amp;#xE0;in mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nan a bhuineas don choimhearsnachd aca (agus mar sin a tha airidh air a h-&amp;#xE0;ite ann an d&amp;#xF9;thaich a tha mothachail do ch&amp;#xF2;raichean dhaoine), ach gu bheil i cuideachd na c&amp;#xE0;nan n&amp;#xE0;iseanta do dh’Alba. Bha tagradh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson &amp;#xE0;ite daingnichte ann am beatha poblach na h-Alba air aithneachadh le P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid na h-Alba ann an 2005 nuair a chaidh &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;Achd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (Alba)&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; tron Ph&amp;#xE0;rlamaid le taic aona-ghuthach. A r&amp;#xE8;ir na h-Achd, tha inbhe n&amp;#xE0;iseanta aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar &amp;#x2018;an official language of Scotland commanding equal respect to the English language’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ged as e P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid na h-Alba a th’ air am pr&amp;#xEC;omh uallach a ghabhail airson leasachadh a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain, chan eil an R&amp;#xEC;oghachd Aonaichte saor bho uallach air a son. ’S e an R&amp;#xEC;oghachd Aonaichte a chuir a h-ainm ris a’ Ch&amp;#xF9;mhant E&amp;#xF2;rpach airson Ch&amp;#xE0;nanan Roinneil is Mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nanan, agus tha sin a’ toirt oirre cuir an aghaidh rud sam bith a chuireadh seasmhachd no leasachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Alba ann an cunnart. Tha e a’ tighinn gu aire nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal, barrachd is barrachd, gur e a th’ annta fear de mhion-shl&amp;#xF2;igh ann am m&amp;#xF2;r-th&amp;#xEC;r a tha l&amp;#xE0;n ch&amp;#xE0;nanan diofraichte, anns a bheil co-dhi&amp;#xF9; d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan aig a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de dhaoine. Mar a thuigeas barrachd dhaoine ann an Alba gu bheil buannachdan inntinn, s&amp;#xF2;isealta is cultarail an cois ioma-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas, tha d&amp;#xF9;il gum f&amp;#xE0;s a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig nas tarraingiche do bharrachd dhaoine a bhuineas do dh’eugsamhlachd de dh&amp;#xF9;thchais.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=1.6</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>2.1 Ro-r&amp;#xE0;dh</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.1</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Bithear a’ comharrachadh Alba gu tric mar n&amp;#xE0;isean &amp;#x2018;Ceilteach’, feart a tha sa chumantas aice le n&amp;#xE0;iseanan beaga eile sna h-Eileanan Breatannach, gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte &amp;#xC8;irinn agus a’ Chuimrigh. Bithear a’ smaoineachadh gu tric gu bheil &amp;#x2018;Ceilteach’ a’ buntainn ri t&amp;#xEC;r agus/no poilitigs, no eadhon feartan cinneachail. Ach ’s ann air c&amp;#xE0;nanan a tha &amp;#x2018;Ceilteach’ a-mach; tha e a’ buntainn ri c&amp;#xF2;mhlan de ch&amp;#xE0;nanan a tha c&amp;#xE0;irdeach do ch&amp;#xE8;ile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Faodar &amp;#x2018;n&amp;#xE0;isean Ceilteach’ a ghabhail air Alba air s&amp;#xE0;illibh a dualchais ch&amp;#xE0;nanaich. Bha Cruithnis is Seann Bhreatannais Ceilteach, mar a tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, an c&amp;#xE0;nan a bu mhotha, chanadh m&amp;#xF2;ran, a thug buaidh air f&amp;#xE8;in-aithne nan Albannach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ach chan eil, is cha robh, a h-uile c&amp;#xE0;nan a bh’ air a bruidhinn ann an Alba Ceilteach. Buinidh Albais is Beurla do na c&amp;#xE0;nanan Gearmailteach, mar a bhuineadh an t-Seann Lochlannais. Anns an aonad seo, bheir sinn s&amp;#xF9;il air na c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach agus air an fh&amp;#xE8;in-aithne Cheilteach a tha be&amp;#xF2; fhathast ann an Alba agus d&amp;#xF9;thchannan eile.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>2.2 Leudachadh nan Ceilteach</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.2</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Buinidh a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de ch&amp;#xE0;nanan na Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa, a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig nam measg, do theaghlach ris an canar Indo-E&amp;#xF2;rpach; tha an t-ainm sin air oir tha e a’ gabhail a-steach a’ chuid as motha de theangannan ceann a deas &amp;#xC0;isia (ach a-mh&amp;#xE0;in ceann a deas nan Innseachan), a bharrachd air an Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa. Gus an do sgaoil iad gu m&amp;#xF2;r bhon 15mh linn a-mach, gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte tro chruthachadh impireachdan, bha na c&amp;#xE0;nanan sin an &amp;#xEC;re mhath air am bruidhinn a-mh&amp;#xE0;in anns an Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa agus taobh an iar is ceann a deas &amp;#xC0;isia. A-nise tha iad air feadh an t-saoghail, le faisg air 3 billean neach-labhairt aig a bheil iad bho dh&amp;#xF9;thchas; tha iad a’ gabhail a-steach cuid de na c&amp;#xE0;nanan as motha aig a bheil sluagh, leithid Sp&amp;#xE0;inntis, Beurla, Hindi, Portaigeusais, Beangali, Ruiseanais, Gearmailtis is Fraingis. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Taobh a-staigh an teaghlaich Indo-E&amp;#xF2;rpaich, tha grunn fo-bhuidhnean a tha e&amp;#xF2;laichean-c&amp;#xE0;nain ag aithneachadh. Mar eisimpleir, buinidh Beurla, D&amp;#xF9;itsis is Nirribhis don fo-bhuidhinn Ghearmailtich, buinidh Fraingis, Eadailtis is Sp&amp;#xE0;inntis don fo-bhuidhinn Eadailtich, agus thathar a’ comharrachadh Ruiseanais, Slobh&amp;#xE0;igianais agus P&amp;#xF2;lainnis mar ch&amp;#xE0;nanan Sl&amp;#xE0;bhach. ’S e t&amp;#xE8; de na fo-bhuidhnean Ceilteach, a tha a’ gabhail a-steach nan sia c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach a tha be&amp;#xF2; – G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, Gaeilge is G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn, Cuimris, Breatannais is C&amp;#xF2;rnais – agus feadhainn nach do mhair, leithid Gallais, Galaitianais, Ib&amp;#xEC;oro-Cheilteis, Cruithnis agus Seann Bhreatannais.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:512px;&quot; id=&quot;e9f07179-2cd5-4510-b024-5737d04e59cb&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id500410.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;proto_indo_tree.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id500410.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 7 Aon mhodail de chraobh c&amp;#xE0;nain a’ sealltainn a’ ch&amp;#xE0;irdeis eadar pr&amp;#xEC;omh ch&amp;#xE0;nain na teaghlaich E&amp;#xF2;rpaich.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id500410&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id500410&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na Ceiltich a’ nochdadh ann an cl&amp;#xE0;r na h-eachdraidh an toiseach mu 500 RC, nuair a bha teacsaichean Greugach a-mach air daoine a bha a’ fuireach gu tuath orra mar Keltoi. Ann an Laideann, ’s e Celtae a chainte riutha – treubhan is n&amp;#xE0;iseanan a thathar a’ tuigsinn a-nise a bha a’ bruidhinn ch&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach. ’S ann a-mh&amp;#xE0;in ri sl&amp;#xF2;igh a bha a’ fuireach air t&amp;#xEC;r-m&amp;#xF2;r na Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa a bha am facal a’ buntainn aig an &amp;#xEC;re sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e an c&amp;#xE0;nanaiche Edward Lhuyd anns an 17mh linn a th&amp;#xF2;isich air Ceilteach [&amp;#x2018;Celtic’] a ghabhail air sl&amp;#xF2;igh a bhuineadh do Bhreatainn is &amp;#xC8;irinn. Rinn esan rannsachadh coimeasail air Cuimris, G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, Gaeilge, C&amp;#xF2;rnais agus Breatannais; dhaingnich e gun robh na c&amp;#xE0;nanan sin c&amp;#xE0;irdeach do ch&amp;#xE8;ile agus c&amp;#xE0;irdeach do sheann ch&amp;#xE0;nan marbh nan Gall air t&amp;#xEC;r-m&amp;#xF2;r na Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa a bha le cinnt Ceilteach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mar eisimpleir tha am facal Gallais &lt;i&gt;mapos&lt;/i&gt; (&amp;#x2018;mac’) dl&amp;#xF9;th-ch&amp;#xE0;irdeach do &lt;i&gt;mab&lt;/i&gt; ann an Cuimris an latha an-diugh, a bharrachd air &lt;i&gt;mac&lt;/i&gt; ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig; tha am facal Gallais &lt;i&gt;tarvos&lt;/i&gt; (&amp;#x2018;tarbh’) dl&amp;#xF9;th-ch&amp;#xE0;irdeach do &lt;i&gt;tarw&lt;/i&gt; (Cuimris) agus &lt;i&gt;tarbh&lt;/i&gt; (G&amp;#xE0;idhlig).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns a’ chl&amp;#xE0;r a leanas chithear faclan ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, Gaeilge, Cuimris is C&amp;#xF2;rnais a thathar a’ smaoineachadh a dh’&amp;#xE8;irich bhon aon t&amp;#xF9;s Cheilteach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r 1 Faclan ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, Gaeilge, Cuimris is C&amp;#xF2;rnais a thathar a’ smaoineachadh a dh’&amp;#xE8;irich bhon aon t&amp;#xF9;s Cheilteach&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Gaeilge&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Cuimris&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;C&amp;#xF2;rnais&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Beurla&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;aimsir&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;aimsir&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;amser&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td/&gt;&lt;td&gt;time, weather&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;anail&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;lan&amp;#xE1;i&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;anadl&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;anall&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;breath&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;cath&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cath&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cad&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;kas&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;battle&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;caol&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;caol&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cul&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cul&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;slender&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;cn&amp;#xF2;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cn&amp;#xF3;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cneuen&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;know&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;nut&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;creamh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;creamh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;craf&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td/&gt;&lt;td&gt;wild garlic&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;c&amp;#xF9;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;c&amp;#xFA;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ci&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ki&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;dog, hound&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;l&amp;#xE0;n&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;l&amp;#xE1;n&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;llawn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;leun&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;full&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;roth&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;roth&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;rhod&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ros&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;wheel&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;taigh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;teach&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ty&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ti&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;house&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;troigh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;troigh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;troed&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;troes&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;foot&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cha robh Ceiltich t&amp;#xEC;r-m&amp;#xF2;r na Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa aonaichte gu poilitigeach – cha robh impireachd Cheilteach ann riamh – ach bha sl&amp;#xF2;igh, aig an robh c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach agus feartan cultarach sa chumantas eatarra, a’ fuireach thairis air p&amp;#xEC;os math dhen mh&amp;#xF2;r-th&amp;#xEC;r. Dh’fh&amp;#xE0;g iad gl&amp;#xE8; bheag de dh&amp;#xEC;leab sgr&amp;#xEC;obhte agus mar sin tha ar tuigse orra st&amp;#xE8;idhichte gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;r air na sgr&amp;#xEC;obh na Greugaich is R&amp;#xF2;manaich mun deidhinn, bho airce&amp;#xF2;las agus bho na h-ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite a dh’fh&amp;#xE0;g iad &amp;#xE0;s an d&amp;#xE8;idh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e a’ chiad chultar Ceilteach a nochdas, timcheall air an 8mh linn RC, Cultar Hallstatt, st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air na lorgadh faisg air baile beag Hallstatt anns an Ostair.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:512px;&quot; id=&quot;v90565ef4-66d5-4eaf-9d81-e8a1b48fa048&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_gold_torque_1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Rosemania/Flickr&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 8 Torc &amp;#xF2;r, eisimpleir de chultar Hallstatt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fhuaradh lorg air fianais de chultar beartach le ceanglaichean malairt do dh&amp;#xF9;thchannan na Mara Meadhan-t&amp;#xEC;rich. Timcheall a’ 5mh linn RC, tha sinn a’ faicinn cultar &amp;#xF9;r ris an canar La T&amp;#xE8;ne, a chaidh ainmeachadh &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh l&amp;#xE0;rach san Eilbheis far an do lorgadh stuth ann an cladhach airce&amp;#xF2;lach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;v8934d73f-5db7-4244-a798-7184f2d929d4&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig006.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 9 Eisimpleir de dh’ealain La T&amp;#xE8;ne&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha seo Ceilteach cuideachd agus thathar a’ smaoineachadh gun robh e air a sgaoileadh na b’ fharsainge. Lorgadh obair-mheatailt de stoidhle La T&amp;#xE8;ne, mar eisimpleir, ann am Breatainn is &amp;#xC8;irinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:421px;&quot; id=&quot;v441c353b-d3d4-4d72-8f09-54adc3f6aff8&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig007.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 10 Sg&amp;#xE0;than Romano-Ceilteach&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil e cinnteach d&amp;#xE8; na c&amp;#xE0;nanan a bhathar a’ bruidhinn ann am Breatainn is &amp;#xC8;irinn aig an &amp;#xE0;m sin, ach tha d&amp;#xF9;il gun robh Ceilteis nam measg. Anns an 3mh linn RC, bha na Ceiltich rin lorg thairis air earrann mh&amp;#xF2;r de mh&amp;#xF2;r-th&amp;#xEC;r na h-E&amp;#xF2;rpa, eadar far a bheil a’ Phortagail an-diugh, gu ruige a’ Bheilg is a’ Ghearmailt, gu ceann a tuath na h-Eadailt, tro ghleann m&amp;#xF2;r an Dainiub agus eadhon cho fada ris an Tuirc.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:463px;&quot; id=&quot;d99dc7b6-ac3a-4dca-9150-f6e15c058e6f&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig008.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 11 Sgaoileadh nan c&amp;#xE0;nan Ceilteach tro mh&amp;#xF2;r-th&amp;#xEC;r na h-E&amp;#xF2;rpa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>2.3 Ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite Ceilteach</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.3</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha cl&amp;#xE0;ran eachdraidheil ainmean threubhan is &amp;#xE0;iteachan a’ toirt fianais l&amp;#xE0;idir dhuinn mu sgaoileadh nan c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach. Mar eisimpleir gheibhear lorg air &lt;i&gt;dunum&lt;/i&gt; no &lt;i&gt;dunon&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x2018;d&amp;#xF9;n’ ann an &lt;i&gt;Lugdunum&lt;/i&gt; (a-nise Lyons san Fhraing agus Leyden san &amp;#xD2;laind), &lt;i&gt;Camulodunum&lt;/i&gt; (a-nise Colchester, Sasainn), &lt;i&gt;Kambodunon&lt;/i&gt; (Kempten sa Ghearmailt), &lt;i&gt;Minnodunum&lt;/i&gt; (Moudon san Eilbheis), &lt;i&gt;Lugidunum&lt;/i&gt; (Legnica sa Ph&amp;#xF2;lainn) agus &lt;i&gt;Singidunum&lt;/i&gt; (a-nise Belgrade, Serbia). Tha cuideachd cl&amp;#xE0;r againn bhon 2na linn AC de &lt;i&gt;Tarvedu(nu)m&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x2018;d&amp;#xF9;n tairbh’ ann am f&amp;#xEC;or cheann a tuath na h-Alba, a thathar a’ smaoineachadh a bha a’ riochdachadh Ceann D&amp;#xF9;naid ann an Gallaibh. Ged a tha cuid mhath de na h-ainmean seo air a dhol &amp;#xE0; bith ann an cleachdadh l&amp;#xE0;itheil, tha iad fhathast be&amp;#xF2; ann an d&amp;#xF9;thchannan far a bheilear a’ bruidhinn ch&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach fhathast. Ann an Alba chithear eisimpleirean mar D&amp;#xF9;n D&amp;#xE8;, D&amp;#xF9;n Ph&amp;#xE0;rlain agus D&amp;#xF9;n Gabhail. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha ainmean t&amp;#xEC;re le &lt;i&gt;Gal&lt;/i&gt;- annta a’ comharrachadh &amp;#xE0;iteachan a bha fo smachd Cheilteach, oir b’ e facal eile a bh’ aig na Greugaich airson nan Ceilteach &lt;i&gt;Galatae&lt;/i&gt;; bha na R&amp;#xF2;manaich a-mach air &lt;i&gt;Galli&lt;/i&gt;. Tha &lt;i&gt;Galicia&lt;/i&gt; an d&amp;#xE0; chuid ann an ceann an iar-thuath na Sp&amp;#xE0;innt agus air a’ chr&amp;#xEC;ch eadar Ugr&amp;#xE0;in agus a’ Ph&amp;#xF2;lainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v7286c939-3abc-4a6d-898a-707ed296ebcc&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig010.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 12 Eisimpleir de Stele Ceilteach&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha am buadhair &amp;#x2018;Gallic’, a’ ciallachadh Frangach, a’ comharrachadh mar a dh’&amp;#xE8;irich an d&amp;#xF9;thaich sin &amp;#xE0; &lt;i&gt;Gaul&lt;/i&gt; (gu h-inntinneach, bha am facal G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &lt;i&gt;Gall&lt;/i&gt; o th&amp;#xF9;s a’ ciallachadh cuideigin &amp;#xE0; Gaul). Tha dualchas &amp;#xE0;rsaidh Ceilteach aig &lt;i&gt;Galaitia&lt;/i&gt; ann am meadhan na Tuirc, a dh’&amp;#xE8;irich bho imrich Cheilteach &amp;#xE0; meadhan gleann na Dainiub gu ruige Masad&amp;#xF2;nia agus a’ Ghr&amp;#xE8;ig anns an 3mh linn RC. Fhuair na miltean de na Ceiltich seo, an d&amp;#xE0; chuid &amp;#xE0;rmainn agus an teaghlaichean, cuireadh a dhol an s&amp;#xE0;s ann an str&amp;#xEC; ann an Anatolia; &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh l&amp;#xE0;imh, dh’fhuirich iad ann. Tha na Galaitianaich ainmeil airson a bhith a’ faighinn litir bhon Abstol P&amp;#xF2;l, a tha a-nise na Leabhar anns a’ Bh&amp;#xEC;oball. Cho fada air adhart ris an 4mh linn AC, sgr&amp;#xEC;obh an Naomh Jerome gun robh an aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan aca ri daoine a bhuineadh do sg&amp;#xEC;re Abhainn Rinn anns a’ Ghearmailt.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;v1d59c2e2-a090-444e-8bbb-b6fab1af1847&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id500918.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig011.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id500918.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 13 Tha &amp;#x2018;An Gall a’ B&amp;#xE0;sachadh’, &amp;#xEC;omhaigh R&amp;#xF2;manach st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air &amp;#xEC;omhaigh umha Greugach, a’ sealltainn gaisgeach Galaitianach. Mar Cheiltich eile, cha bhiodh aodach air na Galaitianaich nuair a rachadh iad ri aghaidh bl&amp;#xE0;ir.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id500918&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id500918&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
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          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>2.4 Na Ceiltich Eileanach</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.4</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tr&amp;#xE0;th sa chiad mh&amp;#xEC;le bliadhna AC, th&amp;#xE0;inig na c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach m&amp;#xF2;r-th&amp;#xEC;reach fo bhuaidh ch&amp;#xE0;nanan eile, gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte Laideann nan R&amp;#xF2;manach, agus mu 500 AC, bha eadhon Gallais, a bha uaireigin air a bhith cho l&amp;#xE0;idir, an &amp;#xEC;re mhath air a dhol &amp;#xE0; bith. Ann am Breatainn is &amp;#xC8;irinn, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, bha c&amp;#xE0;nanan is cultaran Ceilteach fhathast be&amp;#xF2; is beothail. ’S e Ceilteis Eileanach a chanar ris a’ bhuidhinn seo, &amp;#xE0;s a bheil a h-uile c&amp;#xE0;nan Ceilteach a th’ againn an-diugh air &amp;#xE8;irigh (eadhon t&amp;#xE8; na Breatainne Bige).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;bc02efec-7280-4ed9-9780-2a9f1e0f4d02&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig012.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 14 Mapa a’ sealltainn d&amp;#xF9;thchannan Ceilteach an latha an-diugh – Alba, &amp;#xC8;irinn, Eilean Mhanainn, A’ Chuimrigh, A’ Ch&amp;#xF2;rn agus A’ Bhreatainn Bhig. Tha a c&amp;#xE0;nan fh&amp;#xE8;in aig gach t&amp;#xE8; dhiubh. Tha iad uile air an se&amp;#xF2;rsachadh mar c&amp;#xE0;nain Ceilteach Eileanach, fi&amp;#xF9; ’s c&amp;#xE0;nan na Breatainne Bige a thug tuinichean &amp;#xE0; Breatainn gu ruige Armoraca.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eadhon aig an &amp;#xEC;re seo, bha eugsamhlachd taobh a-staigh Ceilteis Eileanach. &amp;#xC0; sinnsear te&amp;#xF2;ridheach ris an canar T&amp;#xF9;s-Cheilteis, bha d&amp;#xE0; bhuidhinn air a thighinn gu bith – &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;P-Ceilteach&lt;/a&gt; (no Brythonic) agus &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;Q-Ceilteach (no Goidelic)&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Tha na h-ainmean P- agus Q- st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air mar a dh&amp;#xE8;ilig gach buidheann ris an t-seann fhuaim &amp;#x2018;Q’ ann an T&amp;#xF9;s-Cheilteis. Rinn an luchd-labhairt Goidelic s&amp;#xEC;mpleachadh air sin gu &amp;#x2018;c’, fhad ’s a bha na Ceiltich Brythonic ga leasachadh gu fuaim &amp;#x2018;p’. Bha gach meur de Cheilteis Eileanach air a riochdachadh, an d&amp;#xE0; chuid ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn is Breatainn, ach ’s e luchd-labhairt Goidelic a bha anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn, le luchd-labhairt Brythonic sa mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid ann am Breatainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chithear an sgaradh m&amp;#xF2;r sin taobh a-staigh nan c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach fhathast an-diugh. Tha an fheadhainn Brythonic – Cuimris, C&amp;#xF2;rnais is Breatannais – car coltach ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile, a’ leigeil le luchd-labhairt aon ch&amp;#xE0;nain beagan dhen fheadhainn eile a thuigsinn. Tha e mar an ceudna do na c&amp;#xE0;nanan Goidelic – G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, Gaeilge is G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn (Gaelg); faodaidh neach a tha fileanta ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba, mar eisimpleir, bunaitean de ch&amp;#xF2;mhradh ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann a thuigsinn. Eadhon ri linn Chaluim Chille (6mh linn AC), ge-t&amp;#xE0;, bha feum air eadar-theangair airson c&amp;#xF2;mhradh a bhith ann eadar an naomh agus r&amp;#xEC;gh Cruithneach: bha c&amp;#xE0;nan Q-Ceilteach aig Calum Cille agus bha t&amp;#xE8; P-Ceilteach aig na Cruithnich.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chithear diofar eadar an d&amp;#xE0; bhuidhinn ann am faclan a thathar a’ cleachdadh fhathast ann an c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach. Mar eisimpleir tha an Goidelic &lt;i&gt;mac&lt;/i&gt; co-ionann ris a’ Bhrythonic &lt;i&gt;map&lt;/i&gt;, agus tha an Goidelic &lt;i&gt;ceann&lt;/i&gt; co-ionann ris a’ Bhrythonic &lt;i&gt;pen&lt;/i&gt;. Seo eisimpleirean eile, a’ cleachdadh fhaclan Cuimreach agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar eisimpleirean:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r 2 Coimeas eadar faclan Goidelic agus Brythonic thathar a’ cleachdadh fhathast ann an c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Cuimris (Brythonic/P-Ceilteach)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (Goidelic/Q-Ceilteach)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Beurla&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;pa&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ciod&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;What&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;pair&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;coire&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cauldron&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;plant&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;clann&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;children&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;pump&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;c&amp;#xF2;ig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;five&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;pwy&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;c&amp;#xF2;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;who&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.4</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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    <item>
      <title>2.5 Na C&amp;#xE0;nanan Brythonic</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.5</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha na c&amp;#xE0;nanan Brythonic air b&amp;#xE0;s gu le&amp;#xF2;r fhulang ann am Breatainn (mar eisimpleir, dh’fhalbh Cruithnis agus Seann Bhreatannais ann an Alba linntean m&amp;#xF2;ra air ais), agus tha an fheadhainn a mhair be&amp;#xF2; ann an suidheachaidhean gu math eadar-dhealaichte bho ch&amp;#xE8;ile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e a’ Chuimris an c&amp;#xE0;nan Ceilteach as soirbheachaile, le mu 580,000 duine anns a’ Chuimrigh ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gun robh Cuimris aca ann an Cunntas-sluaigh 2001. Tha UNESCO ga comharrachadh mar &amp;#x2018;cugallach’; tha na c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach &amp;#x2018;ann an cunnart’ no &amp;#x2018;ann am f&amp;#xEC;or chunnart’. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an uiread de mhuinntir na Cuimrigh aig a bheil l&amp;#xE0;n-sgilean na Cuimris (tha comas aca a labhairt, a leughadh ’s a sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh) air a dhol am meud bho 13.6 as a’ cheud ann an 1991 gu 16.3 as a’ cheud ann an 2001. Tha Cuimris cuideachd air adhartas m&amp;#xF2;r a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh ann a bhith a’ faighinn inbhe oifigeil nas &amp;#xE0;irde anns &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.byig-wlb.org.uk/Pages/Hafan.aspx&quot;&gt;a’ Chuimrigh&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dh’&amp;#xE8;irich C&amp;#xF2;rnais, coltach ri Cuimris, &amp;#xE0;s a ch&amp;#xE0;nan Brythonic a bh’ air a bruidhinn aig aon &amp;#xE0;m thairis air ceann a deas Bhreatainn. Th&amp;#xE0;inig sgaradh eadar na t&amp;#xEC;rean anns an robh Cuimris is C&amp;#xF2;rnais gam bruidhinn &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh do na Sagsannaich Siarach a’ ch&amp;#xF9;is a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh air na Ceiltich ann am Bl&amp;#xE0;r Dyrham (faisg air Bath) ann an 577 AC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thathar a’ smaoineachadh gun robh C&amp;#xF2;rnais aig suas ri 38,000 duine tr&amp;#xE0;th san 14mh linn ach chr&amp;#xEC;on i gu m&amp;#xF2;r fo bhuaidh na Beurla bho mheadhan an 16mh linn a-mach, agus dh’fhalbh i mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan coimhearsnachd anns an 18mh linn. Tha i a-nise ann an suidheachadh aiseirigh agus tha na ceudan ann aig a bheil i aig &amp;#xEC;re fileantachd no leth-fhileantachd. Airson tuilleadh fiosrachaidh air eachdraidh Ch&amp;#xF2;rnais, briog &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.exeter.ac.uk/cornwall/academic_departments/huss/ics/documents/Cornishlanguage_000.pdf&quot;&gt;an seo&lt;/a&gt; (deas-bhriog airson an ceangal fhosgladh ann an uinneag no tab &amp;#xF9;r).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha dualchas Ceilteach na Breatainne Bige a’ tighinn, chan ann bho shinnsireachd &amp;#xE0;rsaidh Ceiltich Ghaul, ach gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;r bho in-imrich luchd-labhairt Ceilteis Brythonic &amp;#xE0; Breatainn, &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh do na h-Anglo-Sasannaich dhol a-steach ann bhon 5mh linn a-mach. Mar sin, ’s e C&amp;#xF2;rnais an c&amp;#xE0;nan as dl&amp;#xF9;ithe a th’ ann do Bhreatannais.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An-diugh tha mu 300,000 neach anns a’ Bhreatainn Bhig aig a bheil i, ach tha an &amp;#xE0;ireamh air lughdachadh gu m&amp;#xF2;r bho mu mhillean ann an 1945. Anns na sg&amp;#xEC;rean as motha sa bheil i ga bruidhinn ann an taobh an iar na Breatainne Bige, tha an uiread aig a bheil i air a dhol s&amp;#xEC;os bho 90 as a’ cheud ann an 1900 gu nas lugha na 25 as a’ cheud an-diugh.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.5</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>2.6 Na C&amp;#xE0;nanan Goidelic</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.6</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha tr&amp;#xEC; c&amp;#xE0;nanan aig a bheil t&amp;#xF9;san ann an seann Ghoidelic fhathast gam bruidhinn an-diugh agus tha d&amp;#xF9;bhlain mh&amp;#xF2;r romhpa uile. ’S i G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann an t&amp;#xE8; as l&amp;#xE0;idire. Tha i na c&amp;#xE0;nan oifigeil aig Poblachd na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann agus bha 340,000 duine ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gun robh i aca mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan l&amp;#xE0;itheil ann an Cunntas-sluaigh 2002, le 1,571,000 ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gun robh i aca gu &amp;#xEC;re air choreigin (ged a tha m&amp;#xF2;ran e&amp;#xF2;laichean a’ cumail a-mach gum bi m&amp;#xF2;ran nas lugha na seo ga cleachdadh gu l&amp;#xE0;itheil ann an da-r&amp;#xEC;ribh). Ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn a Tuath, bha 167,000 duine ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gun robh Gaeilge aca ann an Cunntas-sluaigh na R&amp;#xEC;oghachd Aonaichte ann an 2001, timcheall air 10 as a cheud de mhuinntir na m&amp;#xF2;r-roinne; bha 75,000 a’ cumail a-mach gun robh iad an &amp;#xEC;re mhath fileanta. ’S iad na sg&amp;#xEC;rean as fhe&amp;#xE0;rr airson Gaeilge a chluinntinn na ce&amp;#xE0;rnaidhean beaga &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaelsaoire.ie/&quot;&gt;Gaeltacht&lt;/a&gt;&amp;#xA0;, far a bheil pr&amp;#xEC;omhachas oifigeil aig a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan; tha a’ chuid as motha de na ce&amp;#xE0;rnaidhean sin nan sg&amp;#xEC;rean d&amp;#xF9;thchail air an taobh an iar. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba, coltach ri Gaeilge, air a comharrachadh le UNESCO mar &amp;#x2018;ann an cunnart’ ach tha i ann an suidheachadh nas miosa na Gaeilge; thuit i gu d&amp;#xEC;reach 92,400 neach-labhairt ann an Alba a thuirt gun robh comas c&amp;#xE0;nain de she&amp;#xF2;rsa air choreigin aca ann an 2001. Bha sin air a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh de 58,700 neach-labhairt agus 33,700 a b’ urrainn a leughadh, a sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh no a tuigsinn. Leis cho truagh ’s a tha foghlam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a bhith ann an Alba, bha 47 as a’ cheud dhen luchd-labhairt gun sgilean leughaidh sam bith no le sgilean leughaidh truagh anns a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an suidheachadh seo a’ dol am feabhas, ge-t&amp;#xE0;. Eadar 1991 agus 2001 thuit an &amp;#xE0;ireamh de luchd-labhairt 11 as a’ cheud, ach dh’&amp;#xE0;rdaich na bh’ ann de dhaoine le comas leughaidh is sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh 7.5 as a’ cheud agus 10 as a’ cheud le ch&amp;#xE8;ile. Ged a dh’fhuiling i cr&amp;#xEC;onadh m&amp;#xF2;r, tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba fhathast gu furasta anns an leth as &amp;#xE0;irde de ch&amp;#xE0;nanan an t-saoghail, air a thomhas air &amp;#xE0;ireamh luchd-labhairt agus, &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh Achd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (Alba) 2005, tha an st&amp;#xE0;ite a’ cur airgead nach beag dha h-ionnsaigh. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ bhuidheann aig Riaghaltas na h-Alba as motha a tha ag obair &amp;#xE0;s leth na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig; tha pr&amp;#xEC;omh thogalach na buidhne ann an Inbhir Nis, pr&amp;#xEC;omh bhaile na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd. Tha an l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&quot;&gt;an seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha c&amp;#xE0;nan Goidelic air a bhith ann an Eilean Mhanainn bhon 5mh linn AC a-mach, agus tha an teanga a dh’&amp;#xE8;irich bhuaipe, Gaelg (G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn), air a bruidhinn fhathast an-diugh, &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh dhi a bhith fo bhuaidh na Seann Lochlannais agus Beurla fad linntean. Bha Manainn mar ph&amp;#xE0;irt de dh&amp;#xF9;thaich Thighearnas nan Eilean, a bha a’ gabhail a-steach eileanan taobh siar na h-Alba, agus anns an robh pr&amp;#xEC;omhachas aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. &amp;#xC0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh b&amp;#xE0;s an duine mu dheireadh aig an robh Gaelg mar chiad ch&amp;#xE0;nan ann an 1974, bha e&amp;#xF2;laichean ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gur e c&amp;#xE0;nan &amp;#x2018;marbh’ a bh’ innte. Ge-t&amp;#xE0;, cha do ghabh sin a-steach gun robh fhathast coimhearsnachd aig an robh i, st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air daoine a dh’ionnsaich i gu fileantachd mar dh&amp;#xE0;rna c&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha UNESCO a-nise air Gaelg a chomharrachadh aig an aon &amp;#xEC;re ri C&amp;#xF2;rnais – &amp;#x2018;ann am f&amp;#xEC;or chunnart’. Ach, air sg&amp;#xE0;th obair le feadhainn a tha d&amp;#xE8;idheil air a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan agus taic bho Riaghaltas Eilean Mhanainn, tha beatha &amp;#xE0;s &amp;#xF9;r air tighinn air G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn. Tha beagan foghlaim ann tro mheadhan na Gaelg, agus tha an &amp;#xE0;ireamh de luchd-labhairt air a dhol suas gu m&amp;#xF2;r thar nan deicheadan a dh’fhalbh, bho 165 ann an 1961 gu 1,689 ann an 2001.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na h-eadar-dhealachaidhean eadar na tr&amp;#xEC; c&amp;#xE0;nain Goidelic air a dhol am meud leis gun do chailleadh dualchainntean a bh’ air a bhith mar dhrochaidean eatarra. Mar eisimpleir, bha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Reachra (gu poilitigeach mar ph&amp;#xE0;irt de dh’&amp;#xC8;irinn) gu math dl&amp;#xF9;th ri G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba, agus ’s iongantach mura robh rudan anns a’ chumantas eadar na dualchainntean a bhathar a’ bruidhinn uaireigin ann an Cinn T&amp;#xEC;re agus Gall-Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealaibh, agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Ceann a Tuath na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann. Eadhon an-diugh tha faclan is abairtean ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal a bhiodh G&amp;#xE0;idheil ceann a tuath na h-Alba a’ tomhas mar rudeigin &amp;#x2018;&amp;#xC8;ireannach’, mar a chithear anns a’ chl&amp;#xE0;r gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r 3 Coimeas eadar faclan ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann, G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal agus dualchainntean ceann a tuath na h-Alba&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Ceann a Tuath na h-Alba&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Beurla&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;ascaill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;asgaill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;achlais&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;armpit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;citeal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ceatal&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;coire&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;kettle&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;comharsa&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;coimhearsnach&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;n&amp;#xE0;baidh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;neighbour&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;cos&amp;#xFA;il&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cosail&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;coltach&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;like, resembling&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;dreoil&amp;#xED;n&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;dre&amp;#xF2;lan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;dreathann-donn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;wren&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;go raibh maith agat&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gun robh maith agad&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;tapadh leat&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;thank you&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;gruaig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gruag&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;falt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;hair of the head&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;olann&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;olann&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cl&amp;#xF2;imh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;wool&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;s&amp;#xE9;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;s&amp;#xE8;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;sia&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;six&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;siopa&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;siop&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;b&amp;#xF9;th&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;shop&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mar an ceudna, bhiodh a’ chuid a bu mhotha de luchd-labhairt G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba a’ faighinn dualchainnt Th&amp;#xEC;r Chonaill (Ulaidh) na Gaeilge nas fhasa thuigsinn seach an fheadhainn a tha nas fhaide deas ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn (tha an diofar eadar dualchainntean ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn nas motha na &amp;#x2018;n diofar taobh a-staigh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba). Gabhaidh seo faicinn leis an t-seantans: &amp;#x2018;Ciamar a tha thu?’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r 4 Ciamar a tha thu?&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Albannach&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Ciamar a tha thu? / D&amp;#xE8; mar a tha thu?&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Ulaidh (taobh an iar-thuath na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Cad &amp;#xE9; mar at&amp;#xE1; t&amp;#xFA;?&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Connacht (taobh an iar na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;C&amp;#xE9;n chaoi a bhfuil t&amp;#xFA;?&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Mumhan (taobh an iar-dheas na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Conas at&amp;#xE1; t&amp;#xFA;?&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ach chan eil an seo ach tomhas bunaiteach, agus uaireannan bidh an dreach &amp;#xE0; C&amp;#xFA;ige na Mumhan anns a’ cheann a deas rudeigin aithnichte do Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal Albannach; airson &amp;#x2018;Ciamar a tha thu?’, mar eisimpleir, bidh cuid de dh’Albannaich ag r&amp;#xE0;dh: &amp;#x2018;Cionnas a tha thu?’!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A dh’aindeoin na th’ aca sa chumantas, tha eadar-dhealachaidhean an &amp;#xEC;re mhath m&amp;#xF2;r ann eadar G&amp;#xE0;idhlig is Gaeilge a tha gam f&amp;#xE0;gail mar ch&amp;#xE0;nanan fa leth, dl&amp;#xF9;th-ch&amp;#xE0;irdeach a-nise, seach dualchainntean dhen aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan, mar a bha o chionn beagan cheudan bhliadhnaichean nuair a bhathar a’ bruidhinn na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gun bhe&amp;#xE0;rn eadar Corcaigh is Gallaibh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an tr&amp;#xE0;th l&amp;#xE0;thaireach s&amp;#xEC;mplidh ann an gn&amp;#xEC;omhairean, a tha mar ph&amp;#xE0;irt de Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann fhathast, air a dhol &amp;#xE0; bith ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba far a bheil an tr&amp;#xE0;th l&amp;#xE0;thaireach leantainneach air a dhol na &amp;#xE0;ite; bidh sin a’ cleachdadh an ainmeir ghn&amp;#xEC;omhairich. Mar sin, canaidh na h-&amp;#xC8;ireannaich &lt;i&gt;tuigim&lt;/i&gt; (&amp;#x2018;I understand’) fhad ’s a chanas na h-Albannaich &lt;i&gt;tha mi a’ tuigsinn&lt;/i&gt; (gu litreachail &amp;#x2018;I am at understanding’). Agus tha seann riochd &amp;#xE0;icheil &lt;i&gt;nichon&lt;/i&gt; air a dhol an giorrad ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh dhiofraichte anns an d&amp;#xE0; dh&amp;#xF9;thaich – &lt;i&gt;n&amp;#xED;&lt;/i&gt; ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn agus &lt;i&gt;chan&lt;/i&gt; ann an Alba (ged a chluinnear &lt;i&gt;chan&lt;/i&gt; cuideachd ann an Ulaidh). Mar sin, gheibhear &lt;i&gt;chan eil airgead agam&lt;/i&gt; ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus &lt;i&gt;n&amp;#xED;l airgead agam&lt;/i&gt; ann an Gaeilge.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na str&amp;#xE0;can, a tha a’ comharrachadh leudachadh fuaimneachadh fuaimreig, eadar-dhealaichte eadar an d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan. Ann an Gaeilge tha iad uile geur agus, ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh ath-chruthachadh air an d&amp;#xF2;igh-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh tr&amp;#xE0;th sna 1980an, tha iad uile trom. Mar sin, chithear &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;F&amp;#xE1;ilte&lt;/i&gt;’ air soidhnichean ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn, agus &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;F&amp;#xE0;ilte&lt;/i&gt;’ ann an Alba. Bidh cuid de dh’fhaclan a’ gabhail cuideam air an lide mu dheireadh ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn, gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte anns a’ cheann a deas, ach bidh G&amp;#xE0;idheil Albannach an &amp;#xEC;re mhath an-c&amp;#xF2;mhnaidh a’ cur cuideam air a’ chiad lide ann am facal. Mar sin, canaidh na h-&amp;#xC8;ireannaich &lt;i&gt;brad&amp;#xE1;n&lt;/i&gt; airson &lt;i&gt;bradan&lt;/i&gt; agus &lt;i&gt;ar&amp;#xE1;n&lt;/i&gt; airson &lt;i&gt;aran&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ghl&amp;#xE8;idh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba an d&amp;#xF2;igh chlasaigeach airson an riochdair pearsanta iolra &lt;i&gt;sibh&lt;/i&gt; a chleachdadh airson urram fhoillseachadh do dh’aon neach. Mar sin, canaidh sinn &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;Ciamar a tha sibh?&lt;/i&gt;’ ri cuideigin a tha ginealach nas sine, seach &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;Ciamar a tha thu?&lt;/i&gt;’ Ann an Gaeilge, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, cha chleachdadh duine &lt;i&gt;sibh&lt;/i&gt; ach a-mh&amp;#xE0;in nuair a bhiodh e a’ bruidhinn ri barrachd air aon duine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na riaghailtean a thaobh te&amp;#xE0;rnadh, ’s e sin mar a dh’atharraichear facal a r&amp;#xE8;ir na tha a dh&amp;#xEC;th a thaobh gr&amp;#xE0;mar, eadar-dhealaichte uaireannan cuideachd, agus thug c&amp;#xE0;nanan eile buaidh eadar-dhealaichte air G&amp;#xE0;idhlig is Gaeilge aig amannan. Mar eisimpleir, tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba air faclan-iasaid a thoirt bho Albais is Seann Lochlannais ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh eucoltach ri G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann (ged a tha faclan-iasaid Lochlannach ann an Gaeilge). Ach tha an d&amp;#xE0; theanga air faclan a thoirt bhon Bheurla Shasannaich ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh car coltach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha maothachd nam fuaimean a chluinnear tric aig connragan ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba mar thoradh air an uiread de sh&amp;#xE8;imheachadh sa ch&amp;#xE0;nan (’s e s&amp;#xE8;imheachadh maothachadh chonnragan a thathar a’ comharrachadh le &amp;#x2018;h’ &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh na connraig) agus ro-analachadh, far a bheil &amp;#x2018;h’ no &amp;#x2018;ch’ air a r&amp;#xE0;dh, gun a bhith sgr&amp;#xEC;obhte, ron chonnraig). Chan eil a leithid ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann ach nochdaidh e ann an Innis T&amp;#xEC;lis, F&amp;#xE0;rothais agus Nirribhis (agus, gu h-inntinneach ann an c&amp;#xE0;nanan Artach nach eil c&amp;#xE0;irdeach don fheadhainn eile, leithid S&amp;#xE0;mi agus Graonlainnis). Air sg&amp;#xE0;th ro-analachadh, bidh na h-&amp;#xC8;ireannach ag r&amp;#xE0;dh &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;mak&lt;/i&gt;’ airson &lt;i&gt;mac&lt;/i&gt;; bidh na G&amp;#xE0;idheil Albannach ga fhuaimneachadh &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;machk&lt;/i&gt;’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na siostaman sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh airson G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus Gaeilge car coltach ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile, agus iad st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air an t-siostam a bh’ ann airson sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig chlasaigich a bh’ air a cleachdadh leis na h-uaislean foghlamaichte anns an d&amp;#xE0; dh&amp;#xF9;thaich; mar sin, tuigidh feadhainn a leughas G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba bunaitean teacsa Gaeilge; tha e ag obair anns an d&amp;#xF2;igh cheudna air an rathad eile cuideachd. Ach tha siostam sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn gu math eadar-dhealaichte agus doirbh a leughadh do Gh&amp;#xE0;idheil &amp;#xE0; Alba is &amp;#xC8;irinn. Chaidh a’ siostam sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh a chruthachadh anns an 17mh linn agus tha e st&amp;#xE8;idhichte gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;r air na siostaman airson Beurla is, gu &amp;#xEC;re nas lugha, Cuimris. Chithear cuid de na h-eadar-dhealachaidhean anns a’ chl&amp;#xE0;r gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r 5 Coimeas eadar na d&amp;#xF2;ighean sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh airson G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, Gaeilge is Gaelg &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Beurla&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;a’ bhean&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;an bhean&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;yn ven&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;the wife, woman&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;ceann&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ceann&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;kione&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;a head&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;deoch&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;deoch&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;jough&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;a drink&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Dim&amp;#xE0;irt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;D&amp;#xE9; M&amp;#xE1;irt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Jemayrt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tuesday&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;gu le&amp;#xF2;r&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;go leor&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;di liooar&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;enough&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;iasg&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;iasc&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;eeast&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;a fish&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;loch&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;loch&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;logh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;a lake&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;se&amp;#xF2;mar&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;seomra&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;shamyr&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;a room&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;teth&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;te&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xE7;heh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;hot&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.6</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>2.7 Sgaoileadh nan Ceilteach</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.7</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Ghluais sl&amp;#xF2;igh aig an robh c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach gu p&amp;#xE0;irtean eile dhen t-saoghal, a’ f&amp;#xE0;gail gu bheil na milleanan de dhaoine ann an Ameireagaidh a Tuath, Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia agus Sealan Nuadh aig a bheil sinnsireachd Cheilteach. Ach lagaich sin na c&amp;#xE0;nanan nan d&amp;#xF9;thchannan m&amp;#xE0;thaireil agus, anns an fharsaingeachd, cha do thogadh coimhearsnachdan Ceilteach &amp;#xF9;r anns na t&amp;#xEC;rean-tuineachaidh; ’s ann anns an &amp;#xCC;mpireachd Bhreatannaich a bha a’ chuid a bu mhotha de na d&amp;#xF9;thchannan a ghabh ri in-imrich Cheilteach agus bha iad fo l&amp;#xE0;n-smachd na Beurla Shasannaich. Bha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba be&amp;#xF2; airson &amp;#xF9;ine ann am p&amp;#xE0;irtean de dh’Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia is Sealan Nuadh ach ’s e d&amp;#xEC;reach &amp;#xE0;ireamh bheag de dh’Albannaich a chaidh a dh’fhuireach anns na d&amp;#xF9;thchannan sin agus feadhainn gu h-ionadail a tha d&amp;#xE8;idheil air a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan a chumas be&amp;#xF2; i an-diugh. Ach tha d&amp;#xE0; dh&amp;#xF9;thaich a tha eadar-dhealaichte oir chaidh c&amp;#xE0;nan Ceilteach a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh gu l&amp;#xE0;idir annta; ’s iad sin Patagonia (Cuimris) agus Alba Nuadh (G&amp;#xE0;idhlig).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha feadhainn aig a bheil Cuimris fhathast a’ fuireach ann an Argentina, sliochd dhaoine a th&amp;#xF2;isich air a dhol a Mh&amp;#xF2;r-roinn Chubut ann an 1865; bha iad airson coimhearsnachdan a chruthachadh far nach rachadh a’ Chuimris agus a cultar &amp;#xE0; bith mar a bha a’ tachairt am measg nan eilthireach chaidh dh’Ameireagaidh a Tuath. Tha str&amp;#xEC; air a bhith aca an c&amp;#xE0;nan a chumail be&amp;#xF2;, agus i a’ tighinn fo bhuaidh na Sp&amp;#xE0;inntis ach, le taic a bharrachd a’ tighinn bhon Chuimrigh, tha &amp;#xF9;idh &amp;#xE0;s &amp;#xF9;r ann a bhith ag ionnsachadh agus ag adhartachadh na &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;Cuimris ann an Argentina&lt;sup&gt; 7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig Albannach a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh ann an Canada na bu tr&amp;#xE0;ithe na sin, anns an 18mh linn, mar thoradh air eilthireachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal (air adhbharan eacanomaigeach an toiseach is an uair sin air sg&amp;#xE0;th nam fuadaichean). Bha coimhearsnachdan anns an robh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ga bruidhinn ann an grunn &amp;#xE0;iteachan ann an Canada, gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte Ontario, Quebec, Bronsuig Nuadh, Eilean a’ Phrionnsa agus Alba Nuadh. Ann an 1867, nuair a chaidh co-chaidreachas Chanada a chruthachadh, thathar a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh dheth gun robh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig na treas c&amp;#xE0;nan as motha a bh’ air a’ bruidhinn ann an Canada, &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh Beurla is Fraingis, le timcheall air 200,000 neach-labhairt. Aig an &amp;#xEC;re sin, bha Gaeilge fhathast aig m&amp;#xF2;ran eilthireach &amp;#xC8;ireannach cuideachd; mar sin bha dualchas G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig Canada an 19mh linn na bu l&amp;#xE0;idire na fhuaradh ann an d&amp;#xF9;thaich sam bith eile taobh a-muigh Alba, &amp;#xC8;irinn no Manainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S ann an Alba Nuadh gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte a dh’fh&amp;#xE0;s is a leasaich G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba, agus gu seachd &amp;#xE0;raidh air Eilean Cheap Bhreatainn. Ged a tha an c&amp;#xE0;nan air a dhol b&amp;#xE0;s ann an ce&amp;#xE0;rnaidhean eile de Chanada (taobh a-muigh bhuidhnean beaga de luchd-ionnsachaidh is luchd-taice), ghleidheadh coimhearsnachd de dhaoine aig a bheil an c&amp;#xE0;nan bho dh&amp;#xF9;thchas ann an Alba Nuadh, ged a tha i s&amp;#xEC;os a-nise gu d&amp;#xEC;reach beagan cheudan daoine, an coimeas ri faisg air 100,000, an treas cuid de shluagh na m&amp;#xF2;r-roinne, aig deireadh an 19mh linn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Coimhead an bhidio gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal airson beagan a bharrachd fhaighinn a-mach mu Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Ceap Breatainn&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid501786&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Le cead &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/&quot;&gt;BBC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;A’ bruidhinn G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Ceap Breatainn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan e a-mh&amp;#xE0;in gun do ghleidheadh an c&amp;#xE0;nan ann an Alba Nuadh, ach tha cultar co-cheangailte ris a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan gu math l&amp;#xE0;idir cuideachd, le dualchas ainmeil de che&amp;#xF2;l (gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte an fh&amp;#xEC;dheall) agus dannsa (gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh dannsa-ceum). ’S e an aon &amp;#xE0;ite taobh a-muigh Alba a ch&amp;#xF9;m traidisean iongantach Albannach be&amp;#xF2; – na h-&amp;#xF2;rain luaidh – seinn &amp;#xF2;rain mar bhuidheann airson taic a chur ri luadh a’ chl&amp;#xF2;. Tha G&amp;#xE0;idheil &amp;#xE0; Alba Nuadh air m&amp;#xF2;ran a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh &amp;#xE0;s leth dualchas cruinneil nan sgeulaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, a bharrachd air seinn, sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh agus foillseachadh sa ch&amp;#xE0;nan. Agus ’s e Alba Nuadh an aon &amp;#xE0;ite taobh a-muigh Alba far a bheil a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig Albannach a’ faighinn taic sh&amp;#xF2;nraichte bho bhuidheann riaghaltais. Ann an 2006 chruthaich Riaghaltas Alba Nuadh Oifis Iomairtean na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, fo cheannas Ministear, airson a bhith ag obair c&amp;#xF2;mhla ri muinntir na h-Albann Nuaidh air c&amp;#xE0;nain is dualchas na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &amp;#xF9;rachadh anns a’ Mh&amp;#xF3;ir-roinn’. Chruthaich coimhearsnachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig Alba Nuadh a bratach fh&amp;#xE8;in cuideachd, mar a chithear gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:350px;&quot; id=&quot;v27c9efc2-03d5-48cb-a4a8-acd7970ee0d2&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_flag.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 15 Bratach coimhearsnachd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Alba Nuadh&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.7</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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    <item>
      <title>2.8 Luchd-ionnsachaidh is luchd-taice air feadh an t-saoghail</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.8</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha &amp;#xE0;ireamh nach beag de luchd-ionnsachaidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig taobh a-muigh Alba, agus m&amp;#xF2;ran dhiubh a’ cur feum air na cothroman a th’ ann airson ionnsachadh le goireasan eadar-l&amp;#xEC;n, samhail a’ &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/Foghlam/Tagh-Cursa/Air-Astar/Cursa-Inntrigidh/index_en.html&quot;&gt;Ch&amp;#xF9;rsa Inntrigidh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:0&quot;&gt;&amp;#xA0;&lt;/span&gt; aig Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig. Tha cuid dhiubh ann an d&amp;#xF9;thchannan a ghabh ri buidhnean m&amp;#xF2;ra Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal, leithid Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia, Sealan Nuadh, Canada, na St&amp;#xE0;itean Aonaichte agus Argentina, a bharrachd air Sasainn, a’ Chuimrigh agus &amp;#xC8;irinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid501873&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Blogaire G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Los Angeles anns na St&amp;#xE0;itean Aonaichte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ach gheibhear luchd-ionnsachaidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, cuid dhiubh a th’ air fileantachd a ruigsinn, ann an d&amp;#xF9;thchannan cho diofraichte ri Brasail, S&amp;#xEC;ona, an Ruis, Casagstan, an Ungair, a’ Ph&amp;#xF2;lainn, an Ostair agus an Eilbheis. Chan e sliochd nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal a th’ anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de na daoine sin, ach feadhainn a bhuineas do dhualchais eugsamhail a thog &amp;#xF9;idh anns a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, leis gun d’ fhuair iad rudeigin tarraingeach mu Alba is a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd – a ce&amp;#xF2;l, sgeulachdan, dualchas Ceilteach, a h-eachdraidh, b&amp;#xF2;idhchead na t&amp;#xEC;re agus/no na daoine fh&amp;#xE8;in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S ann anns a’ Ghearmailt a tha a’ bhuidheann as motha de na daoine seo a’ fuireach. Tha M&amp;#xEC;cheal Klevenhaus na Ghearmailteach a tha fileanta ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Sgr&amp;#xEC;obh e leabhar ann an Gearmailtis airson luchd-ionnsachaidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (Schottisch-G&amp;#xE4;lisch: Wort f&amp;#xFC;r Wort), agus bidh e a’ teagasg a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain do 70 oileanach aig Oilthigh Bhonn. Tha grunn Ghearmailtich air G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ionnsachadh gu fileantachd agus tha cuid dhiubh a-nise a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh bith-be&amp;#xF2; anns an eaconamaidh Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Alba fh&amp;#xE8;in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v3e71a362-1eb7-4af1-bf63-8ca17bf9c5c7&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig015.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 16 Cruinneachadh de sgeulachdan goirid &amp;#xF9;ra air an sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh ’s am foillseachadh an toiseach ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (gu h-&amp;#xE0;rd) agus air an eadar-theangachadh an uairsin gu Gearmailtis (gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v369136d7-ee2b-49e5-8dda-65625b8bdc82&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig016.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha luchd-ionnsachaidh a’ cur gu m&amp;#xF2;r ri coimhearsnachd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Alba, a’ sealltainn (do dh’Albannaich am measg eile!) gun gabh an c&amp;#xE0;nan ionnsachadh gu fileantachd mar inbheach gun duilgheadas m&amp;#xF2;r sam bith, agus gu bheil a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu math tarraingeach do dhaoine taobh a-muigh a coimhearsnachd thraidiseanta, daoine a bheir leotha dealas is l&amp;#xE8;irsinn &amp;#xF9;r.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=2.8</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
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      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>3.1.1 &amp;#x2018;Tha mise!&amp;#x2019;</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.1.1</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Seo eisimpleir de thri&amp;#xF9;ir dhaoine eadar-dhealaichte a tha a’ bruidhinn na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-inlinefigure&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig019.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;Karen&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;Mise Karen. Tha mi 18 agus tha mi air a bhith a’ fuireach an Inbhir Nis fad mo bheatha. Bha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig teaghlach mo sheanair agus bha mo ph&amp;#xE0;rantan airson gum biodh i agamsa cuideachd. Tha mi uabhasach toilichte gun do rinn mi sin. Chaidh mi gu clas G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Inbhir Nis agus tha mi fortanach gu bheil t&amp;#xF2;rr chothroman air a bhith agam a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chleachdadh, mar eisimpleir ann an ce&amp;#xF2;l. San t-Sultain 2011 tha mi dol dhan Oilthigh far am bi mi a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus Eachdraidh agus ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha Poilitigs.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-inlinefigure&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig032_a.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cr&amp;#xEC;sdean&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;Mise Cr&amp;#xEC;sdean. Bha Fraingis agus Beurla agam san dachaigh agus dh’ionnsaich mi a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns an sgoil agus ann an Colaiste Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha diofar obraichean air a bhith agam ann an saoghal na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-inlinefigure&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig078.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;D&amp;#xF2;mhnall-Iain&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;Mise D&amp;#xF2;mhnall-Iain. Chaidh mo thogail ann an sg&amp;#xEC;re Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns Na h-Eileanan an Iar agus b’ i a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ chiad ch&amp;#xE0;nan agam. Bidh mi a’ bruidhinn G&amp;#xE0;idhlig rim theaghlach, ri caraidean agus, mus do leig mi dh&amp;#xEC;om mo dhreuchd, bhithinn ga bruidhinn nam obair-latha.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.1.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
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          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>3.1.2 An Dealbh M&amp;#xF2;r</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.1.2</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Bha 58,652 duine a bhruidhneadh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig &amp;#xE0;m Cunntas-sluaigh 2001 agus 19,750 eile a thuigeadh a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Den luchd-labhairt, bha 33,315 (57% den iomlan) a’ fuireach ann an coimhearsnachdan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd agus na h-Eileanan. ’S ann anns na h-Eileanan an Iar (le 15,723 luchd-labhairt) a bu mhotha a bha, le 62.3% den t-sluagh gu l&amp;#xE8;ir agus cuid a sg&amp;#xEC;rean nas &amp;#xE0;irde na 80%. Bha 35.5% de shluagh an Eilean Sgitheanaich (3,999 neach gu l&amp;#xE8;ir) comasach air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bhruidhinn agus bha aon sg&amp;#xEC;re nas &amp;#xE0;irde na 70%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha an 13,593 a tha air fh&amp;#xE0;gail sgapte eadar Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal agus B&amp;#xF2;d agus t&amp;#xEC;r-m&amp;#xF2;r na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd, a’ gabhail a-steach 2,820 ann am baile Inbhir Nis. Tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ga cleachdadh gu l&amp;#xE0;itheil anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de na coimhearsnachdan sin, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh anns Na h-Eileanan an Iar agus san Eilean Sgitheanach. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r 5 Cunntas Sg&amp;#xEC;rean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an Alba&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Sg&amp;#xEC;re&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Comhairle nan Eilean Siar&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;15,723&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;An t-Eilean Sgitheanach agus Loch Aillse&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;3,999&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;An c&amp;#xF2;rr den Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd (T&amp;#xEC;r-m&amp;#xF2;r)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;8,670&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal agus B&amp;#xF2;d&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;4,168&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Sg&amp;#xEC;rean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig eile&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;755&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Iomlan, sg&amp;#xEC;rean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;33,315&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha 25,337 de luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ fuireach an taobh a-muigh de na sg&amp;#xEC;rean traidiseanta G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an 2001. Bha iad rim faighinn air feadh Alba, le &amp;#xE0;ireamhan gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh &amp;#xE0;rd ann am bailtean m&amp;#xF2;ra mar Glaschu (5,731), D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann (3,132) agus Obar Dheathain (1,420). Tha m&amp;#xF2;ran dhiubh seo cuideachd a bhios a’ cleachdadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig nam beatha l&amp;#xE0;itheil: ann an seadh tha iad nan coimhearsnachd am broinn coimhearsnachd anns na bailtean sin. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r 6 Cunntas &amp;#xE0;ireamhan luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an Alba&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Sg&amp;#xEC;re&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Iomlan, sg&amp;#xEC;rean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;33,315&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;An c&amp;#xF2;rr de Alba&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;25,337&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Iomlan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;58,652&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear map a’ sealltainn na tha de luchd-labhairt G&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns a h-uile sg&amp;#xEC;re air feadh Alba ann an Aithisg na h-Oifis Cl&amp;#xE0;raidh Choitcheann (GRO) air Cunntas-sluaigh 2001 aig: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files/gaelic-rep-english-appendix.pdf&quot;&gt;www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;files/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;gaelic-rep-english-appendix.pdf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;B’ e 45.9 bliadhna an aois chuibheasach aig luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an 2001, 18% nas &amp;#xE0;irde na an aois chuibheasach aig sluagh Alba gu l&amp;#xE8;ir (39 bliadhna). Tha an cl&amp;#xE0;r seo a’ sealltainn na h-aon dealbh sin o shealladh eile.:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r 7 Aois chuibheasach luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Aois&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Luchd-labhairt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;0-20 bliadhna dh’aois&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;10,158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;45-64 bliadhna dh’aois&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;16,855&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh an graf seo ullachadh leis a’ bhuidheann-rannsachaidh, Sgr&amp;#xF9;d.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;v8bfbc9ef-cf15-4f2e-b627-309d66a92490&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig021.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Anailis: C Mac Fhionghain &amp;#xA9; 2003 SGR&amp;#xD9;D Rannsachadh&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&amp;#xA0;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear an graf seo agus feadhainn eile de a leithid aig: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cnag.org.uk/munghaidhlig/stats/01censusagepercagetotal.php&quot;&gt;Comunn na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e fileantaich a dh’ionnsaich a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan anns an dachaigh agus a’ choimhearsnachd, mar as trice air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd no sna h-Eileanan, a tha anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid den luchd-labhairt as sine. A thaobh an fheadhainn as &amp;#xF2;ige, tha a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid dhiubhsan a-nise a’ togail na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns an sgoil, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh ann am foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, air feadh Alba. Tha grunn inbhich ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig cuideachd, cuid dhiubh o air taobh a-muigh Alba. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Bogsa 1&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear fiosrachadh mionaideach bho Chunntas-sluaigh 2001 aig:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files/gaelic-rep-english-commentary.pdf&quot;&gt;Aithisg, teacsa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files/gaelic-rep-english-tables.xls&quot;&gt;Aithisg, cl&amp;#xE0;ir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files/gaelic-rep-english-charts.pdf&quot;&gt;E&amp;#xE0;rr-r&amp;#xE0;dh, cl&amp;#xE0;ir&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.1.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
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    <item>
      <title>3.2 Carson cr&amp;#xEC;onadh?</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.2</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xE0;inig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a dh’Alba &amp;#xE0; &amp;#xC8;irinn anns na linntean tr&amp;#xE0;th RC agus bha i na pr&amp;#xEC;omh ch&amp;#xE0;nan san d&amp;#xF9;thaich ro dheireadh a mh&amp;#xEC;le bliadhna sin. Tha i air as bhith a’ cr&amp;#xEC;onadh riamh on uair sin, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, air diofar adhbhair.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
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          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>3.2.1 Poilitigs agus Eaconamas</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.2.1</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Ghabh Fraingis &amp;#xE0;ite na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an c&amp;#xF9;irt R&amp;#xEC;gh Chaluim a’ Chinn Mh&amp;#xF2;ir agus na B&amp;#xE0;nrigh Mairead san 11amh linn. On a sin a-mach th&amp;#xE0;inig a’ Bheurla Albannach beag air bheag gu bhith na pr&amp;#xEC;omh ch&amp;#xE0;nan anns na bailtean &amp;#xF9;ra. Thairis air na linntean a lean chaidh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a phutadh air ais ceum air cheum chun an &amp;#xE0;irde tuath agus an iar. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am measg nan oidhirpean a rinn Cr&amp;#xF9;n Alba gus a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd agus na h-Eileanan fhaighinn fo an smachd bha laghan leithid nan &amp;#x2018;Statutes of Iona’, Reachdan I ann an 1609 a dh’fheuch ris a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a lagachadh am measg nan uaislean le bhith ag iarraidh gum biodh na mic as sine aca air an oideachadh tron Bheurla ann an sgoiltean Gallda. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;v98f44fb3-7af7-458f-807a-043257b4b005&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig023.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 17 Bha birlinnean, samhla de chumhachd nam fineachan G&amp;#xE0;idhealach, cuideachd air an toirmeasg le Reachdan &amp;#xCC;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xE0;inig n&amp;#xE0;dar de &amp;#x2018;diglossia’ am b&amp;#xE0;rr tro th&amp;#xEC;de anns an robh a’ Bheurla air a cleachdadh ann an obair an riaghaltais agus bhuidhnean poblach eile agus a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a cur gu feum d&amp;#xEC;reach anns an dachaigh agus a’ choimhearsnachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns na bliadhnaichean mu dheireadh &amp;#x2018;s e d&amp;#xEC;th inbhe san lagh an trioblaid as motha a tha air a bhith aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig seach toirmeasg no d&amp;#xEC;meas sam bith a bha air a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh oirre. Tha cunntas anns an ath earrann air mar a chaidh seo a leasachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dh’fhuiling G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd agus Eileanan Alba m&amp;#xF2;ran bochdainn, d&amp;#xEC;th obrach agus imrich thar nam bliadhnaichean, leithid Fuadaichean agus gaise a’ bhunt&amp;#xE0;ta san 19amh linn agus cogaidhean m&amp;#xF2;ra na 20amh linn. Bha d&amp;#xE0; she&amp;#xF2;rsa buaidh aig seo air suidheachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An toiseach, bha e ciallachadh gun deach coimhearsnachdan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bhriseadh an-&amp;#xE0;ird agus luchd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, a’ chuid mh&amp;#xF2;r dhiubh &amp;#xF2;g, air an sgapadh a dh’&amp;#xE0;itichean mar Glaschu no Canada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e a’ bhuaidh a bu mhiosa, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, gun tug e air daoine a bhith smaoineachadh nach robh luach sam bith anns a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Dh’fh&amp;#xE0;g seo sgoiltean &amp;#x2018;ag ullachadh chloinne airson imrich’ agus p&amp;#xE0;rantan a’ roghnachadh gun a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a thoirt dhan clann.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.2.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
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      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>3.2.2 Foghlam agus buaidhean cultarach</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.2.2</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Ged a bha tomhas de Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns na sgoiltean eaglaise a th&amp;#xE0;inig roimpe, cha robh guth air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Achd Foghlaim (Alba) 1872, an reachdas a thug a-steach foghlam dha na h-uile ann an Alba. Mar thoradh air seo cha robh m&amp;#xF2;ran sam bith G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a teagasg, agus bha nas lugha air a chleachdadh mar mheadhan teagaisg, anns na sgoiltean &amp;#xF9;ra. ’S ann a bha cuid a’ peanasachadh chloinne airson a bhith ga bruidhinn mar a chithear san eisimpleir seo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Bogsa 2&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;Archy has a vivid memory of when he was very young sitting on his grandfather’s knees, gazing into his intensely blue eyes and white beard, and being told about the persecution the children were subjected to when his grandfather, Archibald, was a boy at school for speaking in Gaelic. They were severely belted and a tessera board (maide-crochaidh) was hung round their neck and if they had not betrayed another Gaelic speaking class-mate by 4pm they got another belting. If the child had not handed over the board by the morning attendance at school another belting was administered and so on.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;The Shielfoot Macphersons and a Journey of Discovery’ le Ewen S. L. MacPherson, ann an Creag Dhubh 1994 No. 46, iris Comann Chloinn ’ic a’ Phearsain.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh m&amp;#xF2;ran str&amp;#xEC; a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh thar nam bliadhnaichean an aghaidh seo agus chaidh grunn phr&amp;#xF2;iseactan foghlaim a chur air d&amp;#xF2;igh gus an suidheachadh seo a leasachadh. B’ e Achd Foghlaim 1918, a dh’iarr air &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan foghlaim &amp;#x2018;ullachadh reusanta a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh airson na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig’, Pr&amp;#xF2;iseact D&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach Comhairle nan Eilean agus, o chionn ghoirid, foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig eisimpleirean den seo: bidh cunntas orra san ath earrann. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns na bliadhnaichean &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh an Dara Cogaidh, agus gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh o na 1960an, dh’fhosgail a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd agus na h-Eileanan a-mach barrachd ris an t-saoghal mh&amp;#xF2;r, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh tron telebhisean a bha mar dhoras gu cultar &amp;#x2018;pop’ an ama. ’S e aon bhuaidh a bha aig seo, am measg rudan eile, gun do th&amp;#xF2;isich an &amp;#xF2;igridh gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh a’ faicinn na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar rud seann-fhasanta agus th&amp;#xF2;isich iad a’ cur an c&amp;#xF9;l rithe, gl&amp;#xE8; thric an aghaidh toil am p&amp;#xE0;rantan agus a dh’aindeoin leasaichidhean ann am foghlam mar Pr&amp;#xF2;iseact D&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach Comhairle nan Eilean. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xF2;isich an Cunntas-Sluaigh N&amp;#xE0;iseanta a’ cl&amp;#xE0;radh an &amp;#xE0;ireamh a bha a’ bruidhinn na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an 1881 agus tha seo air a bhith a’ sealltainn mar a tha a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan air a bhith a’ dol air ais on uair sin, bhon 254,415 a bha ga bruidhinn ann an 1891, mar eisimpleir, chun an 58,652 a bha air fh&amp;#xE0;gail ann an 2001. Chaidh an graf seo ullachadh le Sgr&amp;#xF9;d:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:350px;&quot; id=&quot;v4ecaf860-9fb6-4914-b599-58ae4c3d4a65&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;slide12.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear an graf seo agus feadhainn eile de a leithid aig: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cnag.org.uk/munghaidhlig/stats/gaelspeakers.php&quot;&gt;www.cnag.org.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;munghaidhlig/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;stats/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;gaelspeakers.php&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.2.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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      <title>3.3 Ath-bheothachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.3</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Ceum 1&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha bochdainn agus str&amp;#xEC; mun fhearann cumanta san 19amh linn air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd ach ro dheireadh na linn bha piseach air t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh a’ tighinn air gnothaichean. A thaobh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, ann an 1891 chaidh buidheann a chur air chois airson a’ chiad uair gus a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan a neartachadh. B’ e a’ chiad rud a rinn An Comunn G&amp;#xE0;idhealach f&amp;#xE8;is chi&amp;#xF9;il n&amp;#xE0;iseanta, am M&amp;#xF2;d, a chur air chois gus ce&amp;#xF2;l na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bhrosnachadh agus gus &amp;#xEC;omhaigh a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain a thogail. Chuir an Comunn cuideachd meuran ionadail air chois agus ghabh iad p&amp;#xE0;irt ann an iomairtean poilitigeach, leithid na str&amp;#xEC; airson cl&amp;#xE0;s a’ buntainn ri G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Achd Foghlaim (Alba) 1918. Thug an Achd seo inbhe oifigeil don Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson a’ chiad uair le bhith ag iarraidh air na h-&amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan foghlaim &amp;#xF9;ra &amp;#x2018;ullachadh reusanta a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh airson na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an sg&amp;#xEC;rean sam bheil a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan air a bruidhinn.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v2b4f96d0-b914-42e6-99fb-e2a13e81718d&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig026.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;Cuid den bhuidheann a chuir air chois An Comunn G&amp;#xE0;idhealach&quot; longdesc=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_longdesc_id502536.html&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 18 An fheadhainn a st&amp;#xE8;idhich An Comunn G&amp;#xE0;idhealach&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-longdesclink oucontent-longdesconly&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_longdesc_id502536.html&quot;&gt;Long description&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;longdesc_id502536&quot; id=&quot;back_longdesc_id502536&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Ceum 2&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xF2;isich an dara ceum de ath-bheothachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh an Dara Cogaidh agus ruith e gu mu 1980. Chaidh an t-&amp;#xE0;ite a bha aig a’ bhuidheann shaor-thoileach An Comunn G&amp;#xE0;idhealach ann an obair leasachaidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a ghabhail thairis beag air bheag aig an &amp;#xE0;m seo le luchd-iomairt de she&amp;#xF2;rsa &amp;#xF9;r, a chuir air chois leasaichidhean ann am foillseachadh, craoladh agus foghlam, an dara cuid tro bhuidhnean st&amp;#xE8;idhte (mar am BBC no na Comhairlean) no a chuir air chois am buidhnean fh&amp;#xE8;in, mar a rinn Ruaraidh MacTh&amp;#xF2;mais le Gairm ann an 1952 is Comhairle nan Leabhraichean ann an 1968. ’S e a’ phr&amp;#xEC;omh rud a tha a’ comharrachadh a’ cheum seo mar a th&amp;#xF2;isich structar-taice proifeiseanta a’ tighinn gu buil anns a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha an cuideam ann am foghlam a-nise air cleachdadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar mheadhan-teagaisg. ’S e Sgeama Foghlam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Siorrachd Inbhir Nis (anns na 1960an agus na 1970an) agus Pr&amp;#xF2;iseact Foghlam D&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach Comhairle nan Eilean d&amp;#xE0; eisimpleir den seo, a bha ag amas air clann dh&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach a bhrosnachadh gu bhith a’ cleachdadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar: &amp;#x2018;a natural language for the exploration and description of experience’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Ceum 3&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha tr&amp;#xEC; roinnean san treas ceum de ath-bheothachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (FTG), st&amp;#xE8;idhte air eisimpleir na Cuimrigh, aon dhiubh sin. Th&amp;#xF2;isich seo tr&amp;#xE0;th anns na 1980an agus tha e air sgapadh air feadh na d&amp;#xF9;thcha, le mu 4,000 sgoilear a-nise an s&amp;#xE0;s aig diofar &amp;#xEC;rean. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;f6cdfa5e-ad7b-4e8f-bae0-6cd745354b58&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig027.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 19 Thug &amp;#x2018;Latha M&amp;#xF2;r na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig’ a chaidh a chur air chois le Comhairle na Gaidhealtachd ann an 2005, c&amp;#xF2;mhla 500 sgoilear ann an FTG bho air feadh Alba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann am foghlam bogaidh mar FTG tha clann air an teagasg gu tur tron ch&amp;#xE0;nan ged nach biodh i air a bhith aca o th&amp;#xF9;s (rud a tha f&amp;#xEC;or mu timcheall air 80% de sgoilearan ann am FTG). Tha a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid dhiubh seo a’ t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh a’ tuigsinn na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig luath agus tha iad comasach air iad fh&amp;#xE8;in a chur an c&amp;#xE8;ill innte air iomadh cuspair mus fh&amp;#xE0;g iad an sgoil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha FTG air fhaicinn le m&amp;#xF2;ran mar an d&amp;#xF2;chas as fhe&amp;#xE0;rr airson na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig san linn ri teachd leis gu bheil e a’ cruthachadh luchd-labhairt &amp;#xF9;r ann an coimhearsnachdan far nach eil p&amp;#xE0;rantan air fh&amp;#xE0;gail aig a bheil a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha an graf, a rinneadh le Sgr&amp;#xF9;d, a’ sealltainn mar a dh’fh&amp;#xE0;s foghlam bun-sgoile tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig bho th&amp;#xF2;isich e ann an 1985. Chithear an graf seo agus feadhainn eile coltach ris aig: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cnag.org.uk/munghaidhlig/stats/bunsgoiltean1.php&quot;&gt;http://www.cnag.org.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;munghaidhlig/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;stats/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bunsgoiltean1.php&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:512px;&quot; id=&quot;v40a3b7b2-7eee-4ee0-b6f4-f8840fb24fb5&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;bunsgoil.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 20&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cuideachd clasaichean luchd-ionnsachaidh ann am bun-sgoiltean agus &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoiltean. Gheibhear fiosrachadh air foghlam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig san fharsaingeachd air l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaelicteaching.com/en/&quot;&gt;http://www.gaelicteaching.com/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;en/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chunnaic an dara ceum san ath-bheothachadh &amp;#xF9;rachadh ann an ce&amp;#xF2;l G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (agus Ceilteach) agus seirbheis chunbhalach craobh-sgaoilidh a’ tighinn gu &amp;#xEC;re sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, a’ gabhail a-steach sianal telebhisein (&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba&quot;&gt;BBC ALBA&lt;/a&gt;). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chunnaic an treas roinn den ath-bheothachadh P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid na h-Alba a’ gabhail ri Achd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (Alba) ann an 2005. Chuir seo air chois gu h-oifigeil buidheann &amp;#xF9;r, B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, a bha gu bhith a’ toirt comhairle dhan Riaghaltas, ag ullachadh Plana N&amp;#xE0;iseanta airson na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus a’ cuideachadh bhuidhnean eile gus am planaichean fh&amp;#xE8;in ullachadh. ’S e am pr&amp;#xEC;omh phrionnsabal air c&amp;#xF9;l na h-Achd gu bheil &amp;#x2018;co-ionannachd meas’ aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus a’ Bheurla. Gheibhear copaidh den Achd (2005) agus de chiad Phlana N&amp;#xE0;iseanta B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (2007) aig:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/en/national-plan-for-gaelic&quot;&gt;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;en/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;national-plan-for-gaelic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/7/contents&quot;&gt;http://www.legislation.gov.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;asp/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;2005/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;7/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;contents&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;F&amp;#xE0;isneachd&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha staid na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig thairis air a’ cheud bliadhna mu dheireadh air a bhith an d&amp;#xE0; chuid a’ f&amp;#xE0;s nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr agus nas miosa. Air an aon l&amp;#xE0;imh, tha inbhe na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, agus na suidhichidhean anns an urrainnear a cleachdadh, air a bhith a’ s&amp;#xEC;or fh&amp;#xE0;s. Aig an aon &amp;#xE0;m, tha an &amp;#xE0;ireamh a tha ga bruidhinn a’ s&amp;#xEC;or chr&amp;#xEC;onadh (ged a tha an cr&amp;#xEC;onadh a’ f&amp;#xE0;s nas slaodaiche). Tha Plana N&amp;#xE0;iseanta B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (2007) ag amas air gum bi 65,000 de luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann ro 2021. Tha cuid a’ meas seo ro dh&amp;#xF2;chasach ach tha e a’ coimhead coltach gun stad an cr&amp;#xEC;onadh anns na bliadhnaichean ri teachd, ged is d&amp;#xF2;cha gum bi sin aig &amp;#xEC;re nas &amp;#xE0;irde na an targaid ud.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.3</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>3.4 Tha a&amp;#x2019; Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig be&amp;#xF2;!</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.4</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-casestudy oucontent-s-heavybox2 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Foghlam&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha sgoilearan a’ t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (FTG) aig aois &amp;#xF2;g, mar as trice ann an cr&amp;#xF2;ileagan no sgoil-&amp;#xE0;raich. Tha d&amp;#xE0; sgoil Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Alba (ann an Glaschu agus Inbhir Nis); a bharrachd air sin, ’s ann mar chlasaichean ann an sgoiltean d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach a tha FTG air a thoirt seachad. Chan eil m&amp;#xF2;ran teagasg tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns an &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoil ach tha cothrom aig sgoilearan clasaichean c&amp;#xE0;nain a ghabhail san &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoil a bheir iad gu deuchainnean SQA ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (fileantaich).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v551dc566-e1a7-420f-9002-a1f080dfe17f&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig028.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 21 Bun-Sgoil Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig Inbhir Nis, sgoil &amp;#xF9;r a dh’fhosgail ann an 2007&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cliog an seo airson p&amp;#xEC;os bhidio far a bheil d&amp;#xE0; sgoilear &amp;#xE0; BSGI ag innse mun sgoil: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://ww2.highland.gov.uk/gaelic_in_the_highlands/gaelic_school&quot;&gt;ww2.highland.gov.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;gaelic_in_the_highlands/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;gaelic_school&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-casestudy oucontent-s-heavybox2 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Coimhearsnachd&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a cleachdadh ann am beatha l&amp;#xE0;itheil iomadh coimhearsnachd, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh sna h-Eileanan Siar agus san Eilean Sgitheanach ach cuideachd, aig &amp;#xEC;re nas lugha, ann an iomadh &amp;#x2018;coimhearsnachd am broinn coimhearsnachd’ sa bhaile mh&amp;#xF2;r.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:350px;&quot; id=&quot;v3e1f06e8-876c-4f5b-abea-f99253e204aa&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_harris.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 22 Na Hearadh, far a bheil G&amp;#xE0;idhlig fhathast an &amp;#xEC;re mhath l&amp;#xE0;idir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha grunn eaglaisean - Pr&amp;#xF2;stanach agus Caitligeach – a’ cleachdadh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig nan adhradh. ’S e aon de na se&amp;#xF2;rsaichean seinn as annasaiche, agus as cumhachdaiche, anns a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, mar eisimpleir, an d&amp;#xF2;igh air seinn nan salm Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a tha air tighinn ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile thar nan linntean ann an Eaglaisean Cl&amp;#xE8;ireach nan Eilean. Tha an eisimpleir seo &amp;#xE0; Le&amp;#xF2;dhas: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media oucontent-media-mini&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-embedtemplate&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Seinn nan salm ann a Le&amp;#xF2;dhas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-casestudy oucontent-s-heavybox2 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Craoladh&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha MG ALBA air a mhaoineachadh le Riaghaltas na h-Alba airson pr&amp;#xF2;graman telebhisein G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chruthachadh agus, ann an co-bhoinn ris a’ BhBC, tha iad air BBC ALBA a chur air chois, sianal telebhisein digiteach G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha BBC ALBA ri lorg air Freeview Sianal 8; Cabal Sianal 188; Sky Sianal 168; Freesat Sianal 110 agus be&amp;#xF2; air BBC iPlayer. Gheibhear cuideachd 10 uairean a th&amp;#xEC;de taghte gach seachdain air BBC PC iPlayer agus BBC iPlayer tro Virgin Media. Airson fiosrachadh air MG ALBA faic: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.mgalba.com/index-en.html&quot;&gt;www.mgalba.com/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;index-en.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha seirbheis chunbhalach Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ri fhaighinn air BBC ALBA, air telebhisean, r&amp;#xE8;idio agus an eadar-li&amp;#xF2;n a-nise, a’ gabhail a-steach phr&amp;#xF2;graman chloinne, seirbheis naidheachdan, &amp;#xE0;bhachdais agus sp&amp;#xF2;rs. Airson fiosrachadh faic: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba&quot;&gt;www.bbc.co.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;alba&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid502840&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Criomag bho E&amp;#xF2;rpa, pr&amp;#xF2;gram de naidheachdan E&amp;#xF2;rpach a tha ri fhaicinn air BBC ALBA&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-casestudy oucontent-s-heavybox2 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cultar&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha ce&amp;#xF2;l G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (agus Ceilteach) air a bhith dol o neart gu neart o chionn beagan bhliadhnaichean, mar a chithear aig f&amp;#xE8;isean ci&amp;#xF9;il mar Blas (air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd), HebCelt (Na h-Eileanan Siar) agus Celtic Connections (Glaschu).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Airson tuilleadh mu fh&amp;#xE8;isean ci&amp;#xF9;il faic: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.blas-festival.com&quot;&gt;www.blas-festival.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.hebceltfest.com&quot;&gt;www.hebceltfest.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.celticconnections.com&quot;&gt;www.celticconnections.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Airson p&amp;#xEC;osan bhidio &amp;#xE0; BLAS 2010, cliog air: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.blas-festival.com/2010-bhideo--video-clips.html&quot;&gt;http://www.blas-festival.com/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;2010-bhideo--video-clips.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha f&amp;#xE8;isean ionnsachaidh air an cumail air feadh na d&amp;#xF9;thcha far a bheil cothrom aig luchd-ionnsachaidh &amp;#xF2;g sgilean cultarach G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a thogail o phroifeiseantaich. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha mu 40 f&amp;#xE8;is ann aig an &amp;#xE0;m seo, le taic o bhuidheann n&amp;#xE0;iseanta, F&amp;#xE8;isean nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal. Airson tuilleadh fiosrachaidh faic: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.feisean.org&quot;&gt;www.feisean.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e co-fharpaisean ci&amp;#xF9;il a tha anns na m&amp;#xF2;dan, n&amp;#xE0;iseanta agus ionadail, airson clann agus inbhich a tha air an ruith leis a’ Chomunn Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealach. Airson fiosrachadh faic:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.ancomunn.co.uk&quot;&gt;www.ancomunn.co.uk&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.acgmod.org&quot;&gt;www.acgmod.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha roinnean eile de chultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig seach a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan fh&amp;#xE8;in air ath-bheothachadh cuideachd o chionn ghoirid, mar eisimpleir dannsa thraidiseanta leithid &amp;#x2018;dannsa-ceum’ a chaidh a thoirt air ais &amp;#xE0; Canada agus a tha a’ f&amp;#xE0;s gu m&amp;#xF2;r. Airson tuilleadh fiosrachaidh, faic: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.dannsa.com&quot;&gt;www.dannsa.com&lt;/a&gt; no &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.scottishdance.net/highland&quot;&gt;www.scottishdance.net/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;highland&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-casestudy oucontent-s-heavybox2 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Soidhnichean&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an t-amas aig Achd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gum bi an aon &amp;#x2018;mheas’ air a chur air G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus Beurla a’ ciallachadh gu bheil a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ nochdadh t&amp;#xF2;rr nas trice a-nise air soidhnichean de gach se&amp;#xF2;rsa, a-staigh agus a-muigh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cluinnear G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ga labhairt ann an suidhichidhean oifigeil cuideachd mar na rabhaidhean s&amp;#xE0;bhailteachd air aiseagan chun nan Eilean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:350px;&quot; id=&quot;c9e88370-e400-410e-9586-060e74d0458e&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_sign_ferry.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 23 Soidhnichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Alba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:350px;&quot; id=&quot;v90dfa0c4-ae80-4d93-b067-2ad99824ca71&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_sign_station.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-casestudy oucontent-s-heavybox2 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Teaghlach&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bidh p&amp;#xE0;rantan le clann ann am foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gus an clann a chuideachadh. A bharrachd air clasaichean-oidhche tha tachartasan ann far am faod p&amp;#xE0;rantan agus clann ionnsachadh c&amp;#xF2;mhla. Gheibhear cunntas air a leithid seo a thachartas aig: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cnag.org.uk/pdfs/curisfas11.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.cnag.org.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pdfs/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;curisfas11.pdf&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:350px;&quot; id=&quot;v67cfae54-595d-4a91-8a4e-d4035be75e26&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gme_children_skye_event.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 24 P&amp;#xE0;rantan agus clann aig cruinneachadh FTG ann an Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig ann an 2006&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=3.4</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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    <item>
      <title>4.1 Carson d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas?</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.1</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas na rud cumanta air feadh an t-saoghail agus tha a h-uile coltas gur ann nas cumanta a tha e dol a dh’fh&amp;#xE0;s. Tha rannsachadh a’ sealltainn gu bheil deagh bhuaidh aig d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas air an neach-labhairt agus air a’ choimhearsnachd san fharsaingeachd.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
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          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
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      <title>4.1.1 Buaidh air an neach-labhairt</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.1.1</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Suas chun nan 1960an, bha a’ chuid mh&amp;#xF2;r den rannsachadh air buaidh d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas air comas-eanchainn chloinne st&amp;#xE8;idhte air sluagh a bha air in-imrich a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh dha na St&amp;#xE0;itean Aonaichte, a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid dhiubh &amp;#xE0; Ameireaga a Deas, agus b’ e an co-dh&amp;#xF9;nadh mar as trice nach robh a’ chlann d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh cho math ann an deuchainnean comais ri clann aig nach robh ach aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan. Chan eil duine a’ cur earbsa san rannsachadh seo a-nise, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, air grunn adhbhair ach gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh airson gun robh iad a’ coimeas chloinne &amp;#xE0; dachaighean a bha gl&amp;#xE8; eadar-dhealaichte a thaobh cosnaidh, ionmhais agus rudan mar &amp;#xEC;re foghlaim nam p&amp;#xE0;rantan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh pr&amp;#xF2;iseact rannsachaidh m&amp;#xF2;r a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh ann am Montreal ann an 1962 a chuir ceist anns na co-dh&amp;#xF9;naidhean seo airson a’ chiad uair. Rinn na h-e&amp;#xF2;laichean-c&amp;#xE0;nain Ealasaid Peal agus Wallace Lambert coimeas eadar comas &amp;#x2018;d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanaich chothromach’ – i.e., clann a bha a’ cheart cho fileanta ann am Fraingis agus Beurla – agus clann aig nach robh ach aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan. Rinn na d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanaich nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr sa chuid mh&amp;#xF2;r de na deuchainnean comais aca agus cho-dh&amp;#xF9;in Peal agus Lambert on seo: &amp;#x2018;A bilingual child is a youngster whose experience with two language systems seems to have left him with a mental flexibility, a superiority in concept formation, a more diversified set of mental abilities.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt; Ged a tha fhios againn a-nise gun robh laigsean ann an rannsachadh Peal/Lambert cuideachd, lean m&amp;#xF2;ran de na h-e&amp;#xF2;laichean a th&amp;#xE0;inig &amp;#xE0;s an d&amp;#xE8;idh an aon slighe, a’ co-dh&amp;#xF9;nadh mar as trice gu bheil ceangal l&amp;#xE0;idir eadar d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas agus comas-eanchainn chloinne. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha luchd-rannsachaidh a-nise a’ feuchainn ri dealbh nas mionaidiche a thoirt air a’ cheangal seo. Tha cuid a’ coimhead air na c&amp;#xE0;nanan fh&amp;#xE8;in, mar eisimpleir air d&amp;#xE8; cho fileanta is a tha na d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanaich annta. Tha aon e&amp;#xF2;laiche air co-dh&amp;#xF9;nadh gu bheil &amp;#xEC;re &amp;#xE0;raidh ann – &amp;#x2018;stairseach’ – a dh’fheumar a ruighinn anns gach c&amp;#xE0;nan mus eil a’ bhuaidh mhath seo aig d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas air comas-eanchainn. Tha cuid eile air coimhead air an inbhe a tha aig gach c&amp;#xE0;nan, a’ co-dh&amp;#xF9;nadh: &amp;#x2018;Where the home language is that of the majority, &amp;#x2018;additive’ bilingualism is best promoted by providing initial instruction in the second language’ (mar a tha a’ tachairt ann am foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cuid a luchd-rannsachaidh air feuchainn ri dearbhadh d&amp;#xE8; na dearbh chomasan inntinn air a bheil d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas a’ toirt buaidh. Mar eisimpleir, tha Ellen Bialystok &amp;#xE0; Oilthigh York, Toronto, air sealltainn gu bheil clann dh&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr air d&amp;#xE8;anamh grunn rudan aig an aon &amp;#xE0;m agus air an cur an &amp;#xF2;rdugh agus tha i a’ co-dh&amp;#xF9;nadh on seo gu bheil a bhith a’ cumail rian air d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan a’ neartachadh &amp;#x2018;siostam smachd na h-eanchainne’. Ged a tha a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de obair Bialystok mu chlann, dh’fhoillsich i p&amp;#xE0;ipear sa Ghearran 2011 a tha a’ co-dh&amp;#xF9;nadh gu bheil a bhith a’ cleachdadh d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan a’ cur maill air call na cuimhne ann an seann daoine, air an aon adhbhar. Gheibhear cunntas-naidheachd an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://news.scotsman.com/science/Being-bilingual-can-39protect-against.6720697.jp&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;e4550d8f-4769-4ad5-bb0f-79c7d1561522&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig031_new.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 25 Ellen Bialystok&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;An co-dh&amp;#xF9;nadh, ged a tha ceistean rim fuasgladh fhathast mun cheangal eadar d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas agus comas-eanchainn, tha barrachd is barrachd aonta ann mun seo, mar a tha Anne Brasier &amp;#xE0; Oilthigh Kagoshima (Iapan) a’ m&amp;#xEC;neachadh ann an &lt;i&gt;The relationship between bilingualism and the cognitive development of bilingual children&lt;/i&gt; (1999): &amp;#x2018;Research has overwhelmingly concluded that bilingualism per se does not have any negative effects on cognition. In fact the opposite increasingly appears to be the case: that high levels of bilingualism have accelerating effects on children’s cognitive development.’&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.1.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>4.1.2 Ag ionnsachadh ch&amp;#xE0;nanan eile</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.1.2</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha daoine a bha fileanta ann an d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan aig aois &amp;#xF2;g mar as trice nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr na an &amp;#xE0;bhaist air c&amp;#xE0;nanan eile ionnsachadh. Tha seo f&amp;#xEC;or cuideachd mu dh&amp;#xF9;thchannan (e.g. An &amp;#xD2;laind no An Eilbheis). Tha diofar adhbhair airson seo. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e aon adhbhar gu bheil ionnsachadh dara c&amp;#xE0;nain a’ toirt misneachd dhan neach-ionnsachaidh gus feuchainn air an treas no an ceathramh c&amp;#xE0;nan on a tha fhios aca a-nise gun urrainn dhaibh a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh. Bhon is e d&amp;#xEC;th misneachd a tha a’ cumail m&amp;#xF2;ran gun a bhith nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr air c&amp;#xE0;nanan ionnsachadh, ’s e rud cudromach a tha seo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A bharrachd air sin, tha fhios aig d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanaich a-nise mar a dh’ionnsaicheas iad c&amp;#xE0;nan agus mar a dh&amp;#xE8;iligeas iad ri duilgheadasan agus faodaidh iad an t-e&amp;#xF2;las sin a chur gu feum leis an treas (no an ceathramh) c&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha rannsachadh air sealltainn gu bheil d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanaich nas mothachaile aig aois &amp;#xF2;g air an diofar eadar &amp;#x2018;cruth’ agus &amp;#x2018;br&amp;#xEC;gh’ fhaclan na tha clann aig nach eil ach aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan – i.e. tha fhios aca gu bheil barrachd air aon d&amp;#xF2;igh ann air rudan ainmeachadh. Ann an deuchainnean, mar eisimpleir, bha na d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanaich &amp;#xF2;ga nas dualtaiche faclan a chur c&amp;#xF2;mhla air sg&amp;#xE0;th an ciall seach an coltas no am fuaim. Tha an comas seo na chuideachadh ann a bhith ag ionnsachadh ch&amp;#xE0;nanan eile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha rannsachadh air seo a’ leantainn ach tha aonta ann gu bheil d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas aig aois &amp;#xF2;g a’ cuideachadh ann a bhith ag ionnsachadh ch&amp;#xE0;nanan eile &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh sin. Airson cunntas air an rannsachadh. Cliog an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.lib.nifs-k.ac.jp/HPBU/annals/an21/21-71.pdf&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-casestudy oucontent-s-heavybox2 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Sgeulachd Chr&amp;#xEC;sdein&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;b6492206-122a-4b62-a804-7f674289ea1c&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig032_a.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 26&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;Rugadh mi san Eilean Sgitheanach ann an coimhearsnachd G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ach ’s e Beurla agus Fraingis a bha mi a’ cluinntinn aig an taigh. Dh’ionnsaich mi G&amp;#xE0;idhlig nuair a dh’fhosgail aonad G&amp;#xE0;idhlig sa Bhun-Sgoil ann am Port Righ. Nuair a dh’fh&amp;#xE0;g mi an sgoil chaidh mi gu Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig, colaiste G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba, agus tha mi air a bhith ag obair ann an saoghal na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig bhon uair sin. Tha mi a’ faireachdainn gl&amp;#xE8; fhortanach gu robh cothrom agam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ionnsachadh. &amp;#x2018;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.1.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
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          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>4.1.3 Buaidh air a&amp;#x2019; choimhearsnachd</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.1.3</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &quot; id=&quot;acfd4153-f876-4494-a59d-0ac7da550b85&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Bogsa 3 Final report and recommendations of The Nuffield Languages Inquiry, 2000 &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;From the foreword by Sir Trevor McDonald OBE and Sir John Boyd KCMG &lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our mandate from the Nuffield Foundation, to look at the UK’s capability in languages and to report on what we need to do as a nation to improve it, was timely. Every day we are confronted by evidence that we live in a shrinking world. The breaking down of international barriers, a process which will move much further and faster in the course of this new century, has placed a premium on our ability to talk to our neighbours in the global village &amp;#x2026; The scale of what needs to be done has become ever more striking as our work has gone on. At the moment, by any reliable measure, we are doing badly. We talk about communication but don’t always communicate. There is enthusiasm for languages but it is patchy. Educational provision is fragmented, achievement poorly measured, continuity not very evident. In the language of our time, there is a lack of joined-up thinking. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &quot; id=&quot;v92e548cc-b186-4877-b761-a4213d38337d&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Bogsa 4 Foreign languages in the upper secondary school: the causes of decline &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Joanna McPake, Lindsay Lyall (SCRE); Richard Johnstone, Lesley Low (University of Stirling) &lt;/h3&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h5 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;In November 1996, researchers at the Scottish Council for Research in Education (SCRE) and the Institute of Education at the University of Stirling began a study of the causes of decline in uptake of Higher courses in modern languages in Scottish secondary schools. The study was funded by The Scottish Office Education and Industry Department (SOEID) in response to evidence from the Scottish Qualifications Authority (SQA) that the numbers of students entered for Higher examinations in modern languages had fallen by approximately 50 per cent between 1976 and 1996, and consequent widespread concern about the effects of declining capability in modern languages on Scottish industry and trade and on Scotland’s role within Europe. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid ann an Alba, agus ann am Breatainn san fharsaingeachd, ag aontachadh gu bheil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;a) ionnsachadh ch&amp;#xE0;nanan eile ar leth feumail ann an saoghal an latha an-diugh&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;b) nach eil sinne math air a seo.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ged is ann air c&amp;#xE0;nanan mar Gearmailtis no S&amp;#xEC;onais mar as trice a tha daoine a’ smaoineachadh nuair a tha iad a’ r&amp;#xE0;dh rudan mar seo, tha buntannas aig seo ris a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig cuideachd oir.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;a) tha ionnsachadh aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan ga dh&amp;#xE8;anamh nas fhasa t’&amp;#xE8;ile ionnsachadh, ge b’e d&amp;#xE8; na c&amp;#xE0;nanan a tha ann, mar a chunnaic sinn gu h-&amp;#xE0;rd&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;b) tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a teagasg is air a bruidhinn air feadh Alba agus mar sin ’s e c&amp;#xE0;nan a tha innte leis a bheil e furasta t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh ag ionnsachadh ch&amp;#xE0;nanan&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;c) tha ionnsachadh dara c&amp;#xE0;nain mar a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ toirt dhuinn &amp;#x2018;uinneag eile air an t-saoghal’, rud a tha feumail san linn ioma-chultarach sa bheil sinn be&amp;#xF2;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;d) bheireadh ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig fosgladh-s&amp;#xF9;la do shluagh a tha air f&amp;#xE0;s cleachdte ri bhith bruidhinn d&amp;#xEC;reach aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan agus aig nach eil am misneachd no am miann a dh’fheumar airson c&amp;#xE0;nanan &amp;#xF9;ra ionnsachadh. &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;A bharrachd air sin, tha m&amp;#xF2;ran a dh’fhaodas an fheadhainn a tha an urra ri teagasg ch&amp;#xE0;nanan eile ionnsachadh o na d&amp;#xF2;ighean-teagaisg a tha air a bhith cho soirbheachail sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig – gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh foghlam bogaidh.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.1.3</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
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      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>4.2.1 Freagairt cultarach</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.2.1</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;’S e fear de na pr&amp;#xEC;omh adhbhair a tha daoine ann an Alba ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig no a’ cur an clann gu foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu bheil iad a’ faireachdainn gu bheil a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig na p&amp;#xE0;irt phr&amp;#xEC;seil de eachdraidh na h-Alba, cho math ri bhith na p&amp;#xE0;irt de bheatha chultarach na d&amp;#xF9;thcha san latha an-diugh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha fi&amp;#xF9; ’s ainm na d&amp;#xF9;thcha a’ tighinn on Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig oir ’s e &amp;#x2018;Scoti’ an t-ainm a thug na R&amp;#xF2;manaich air an luchd-G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (&amp;#xE0; &amp;#xC8;irinn) air an t&amp;#xE0;inig iad tarsaing an seo. Tha ceangal dl&amp;#xF9;th cuideachd eadar suaicheantais Albannach mar an tartan agus a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus tha dualchas ci&amp;#xF9;il na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air buaidh a thoirt air ce&amp;#xF2;l Albannach san fharsaingeachd - agus air a bhith a’ dol o neart gu neart o chionn ghoirid.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite a’ cumail air chuimhne na cultaran a bha ann an sg&amp;#xEC;rean o chionn fhada agus a thug buaidh air mar a tha iad an-diugh. Tha ainmean a th&amp;#xE0;inig on Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air am faighinn sa mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de Alba. Tha cuid dhiubh a’ tarraing air cruth na t&amp;#xEC;re, mar eisimpleir canar uaireannan An t-Sr&amp;#xF2;n ri Troon an Siorrachd &amp;#xC0;ir agus chithear an gob a tha toirt ant t-ainm sin dha anns a’ chaladh. Tha cuid eile nam fianais air eachdraidh a tha air a  dhol &amp;#xE0; cuimhne: mar eisimpleir tha sg&amp;#xEC;re thaigheadais an Inbhirnis air a bheil Dalneigh. Tha an t-seann ainm G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bha air, Dail an Eich a’ toirt sealladh dhuinn air &amp;#xE0;m nuair a bha an sg&amp;#xEC;re air a h-&amp;#xE0;iteach. Gu h-&amp;#xEC;oranta chaidh se&amp;#xF2;rsa de cheangal ris an &amp;#xE0;m sin a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh as &amp;#xF9;r bho chionn ghoirid nuair a chaidh lotaichean a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh ann.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:398px;&quot; id=&quot;dc02ccb5-d5c6-4850-abc7-ed22b78714cf&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig033.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;An t-sron map&quot; longdesc=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_longdesc_id503404.html&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 27 An t-Sr&amp;#xF2;n ann an Siorrachd &amp;#xC0;ir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-longdesclink oucontent-longdesconly&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_longdesc_id503404.html&quot;&gt;Long description&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;longdesc_id503404&quot; id=&quot;back_longdesc_id503404&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Airson fiosrachadh air ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, tadhail air l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.ainmean-aite.org/news.asp&quot;&gt;Ainmean-&amp;#xC0;ite na h-Alba&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
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      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.2.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

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          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
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      <title>4.2.2 Freagairt practaigeach</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.2.2</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha adhbhair nas bunaitiche cuideachd aig daoine airson a bhith ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig – no a’ cur air d&amp;#xF2;igh gun ionnsaich an clann i – agus ’s e sin gu bheil grunn ann de chothroman-cosnaidh a-nise far a bheil comas a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bhruidhinn feumail no do-sheachaint. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seo dithis a tha a’ cleachdadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig nan obair.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-casestudy oucontent-s-heavybox2 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Sgeulachd Iain&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;'S ann &amp;#xE0; Uibhist a Deas a tha mi agus tha mi air fuireach an seo cha mh&amp;#xF2;r fad mo bheatha. Chaidh mo thogail a' bruidhinn G&amp;#xE0;idhlig - tha e coltach, nuair a chaidh mi dhan sgoil, nach robh facal Beurla agam! Chaidh mi dhan oilthigh ann a Sruighlea agus ann an 2008 thug mi mach ceum ann an litreachas Beurla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;b4c150c7-b73b-43fb-9fba-74aef63d036c&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig017.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 28&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;An-dr&amp;#xE0;sta tha mi ag obair dhan BhBC mar fhear-naidheachd ann a sg&amp;#xEC;re Uibhist agus Bharraigh, a’ siubhal eadar na h-eileanan sin ag aithris&amp;#xA0;naidheachdan an &amp;#xE0;ite. Nuair nach eil mi ag obair, mar is trice tha mi trang air croitean an teaghlaich agam.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-casestudy oucontent-s-heavybox2 oucontent-s-box &quot; id=&quot;v06def8af-69a1-41e6-9cac-4f4757b00942&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Sgeulachd S&amp;#xEC;ne&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v498d4874-5bf1-4209-9a74-b2bab4fc9184&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig036_new.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 29&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;Rugadh agus thogadh mi ann an Ceap Breatainn, Canada. Bha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agam fh&amp;#xEC;n agus mo thri&amp;#xF9;ir bhr&amp;#xE0;ithrean ag &amp;#xE8;irigh suas. Th&amp;#xE0;inig mi a dh’Alba ann an 1998 agus rinn mi ceum ann an Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig. Thr&amp;#xE8;an mi mar thidsear agus tha mi a’ teagasg tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd. Tha mi fh&amp;#xEC;n agus an duine agam a’ fuireach ann an Inbhir Nis agus tha nighean bheag againn.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
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          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
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      <title>4.3.1 Ro-r&amp;#xE0;dh</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.3.1</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;’S e freagairt eile dhan cheist &amp;#x2018;Carson G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?’ gu bheil c&amp;#xF2;irichean aig mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nanan mar a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns an lagh, gu h-ionadail agus gu h-eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta, mar a tha e air innse gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
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          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
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      <title>4.3.2 Na N&amp;#xE0;iseanan Aonaichte</title>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Ghabh na N&amp;#xE0;iseanan Aonaichte, aig an 92amh l&amp;#xE0;n-choinneamh air 18 D&amp;#xF9;bhlachd 1992 ri &amp;#x2018;Aithris air C&amp;#xF2;irichean dhaoine a bhuineas don bheag-chuid a thaobh N&amp;#xE0;isean, Cultar, Creideamh no C&amp;#xE0;nan’. Tha Earrann 1 ag iarraidh:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ol class=&quot;oucontent-numbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;gun d&amp;#xEC;on St&amp;#xE0;itean neo-eisimeileachd bhuidhnean a tha sa bheag-chuid a thaobh n&amp;#xE0;isean, cultar, creideamh no c&amp;#xE0;nan anns na d&amp;#xF9;thchannan aca agus gun cruthaich iad suidhichidhean a bhios taiceil dhaibh&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;gun cuir St&amp;#xE0;itean laghan agus riaghailtean an gn&amp;#xEC;omh le sin san amharc.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;
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          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
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          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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      <title>4.3.3 Cairt E&amp;#xF2;rpach nam Mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nan</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.3.3</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha Artaigil 22 de Chairt E&amp;#xF2;rpach nan C&amp;#xF2;irichean Bunaiteach ag innse gu bheil: &amp;#x2018;An t-Aonadh a’ cur luach air diofar chultaran, chreideamhan agus ch&amp;#xE0;nanan.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha seo air a mh&amp;#xEC;neachadh nas soilleire ann an Cairt E&amp;#xF2;rpach nam Mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nan, ris an do ghabh Comhairle na h-E&amp;#xF2;rpa ann an 1992 mar mheadhan air c&amp;#xE0;nanan d&amp;#xF9;thchasach air feadh na Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa a bhrosnachadh agus ath-bheothachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dh’aontaich Riaghaltas na RA ri Cairt E&amp;#xF2;rpach nam Mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nan ann an 2000 agus chaidh seo a dhaingneachadh le P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid na RA ann an 2001. Bidh Comataidh E&amp;#xF2;laichean Comhairle na h-E&amp;#xF2;rpa a’ tadhal gu cunbhalach air r&amp;#xEC;oghachdan a dh’aontaich ris a’ Chairt gus dearbhadh gu bheileas ga coileanadh.&lt;/p&gt;
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          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
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          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>4.3.4 Achd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.3.4</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Air Giblean 21, 2005 ghabh a’ Ph&amp;#xE0;rlamaid Albannach ri Achd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (Alba). ’S e adhbhar na h-Achd, a r&amp;#xE8;ir an Ro-r&amp;#xE0;dh: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-quote oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;To establish a body having functions exercisable with a view to securing the status of the Gaelic language as an official language of Scotland commanding equal respect to the English language, including the functions of preparing a national Gaelic language plan, of requiring certain public authorities to prepare and publish Gaelic language plans in connection with the exercise of their functions and to maintain and implement such plans, and of issuing guidance in relation to Gaelic education.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &quot; id=&quot;v1dd15788-c509-49d0-a9dc-65dd06c41ea3&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Bogsa 5 Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act 2005&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;The Act – an overview&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;ol class=&quot;oucontent-numbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;These Explanatory Notes have been prepared by the Scottish Executive in order to assist the reader of the Act. They do not form part of the Act and have not been endorsed by the Parliament.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Notes should be read in conjunction with the Act. They are not, and are not meant to be, a comprehensive description of the Act. So where a section or schedule, or part of a section or schedule, does not seem to require any explanation or comment, none is given.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Gaelic Language (Scotland) Act 2005 establishes a body, B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (the B&amp;#xF2;rd), to promote the use and understanding of the Gaelic language and enables the B&amp;#xF2;rd to require certain public bodies to prepare and implement plans which will set out how they will use the Gaelic language in the exercise of their functions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 1 establishes the B&amp;#xF2;rd with the functions of promoting the use and understanding of the Gaelic language; promoting and advising on Gaelic language, culture and education matters; and reporting to the Scottish Ministers on the implementation of the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages in relation to the Gaelic language.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 2 requires the B&amp;#xF2;rd to develop a national Gaelic language plan setting out how it proposes to exercise those functions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sections 3 to 8 enable the B&amp;#xF2;rd to require relevant public authorities to prepare and implement Gaelic language plans. These plans will set out how the public authority will use the language in connection with the exercise of its functions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 9 provides for the B&amp;#xF2;rd to issue guidance on the provision and development of Gaelic education.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an aithghearrachd seo ann an Ro-r&amp;#xE0;dh Achd 2005. Chithear copaidh den Achd an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/7/contents&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk&quot;&gt;B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt; a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh ann an 2005. Dh’ullaich am B&amp;#xF2;rd &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/en/national-plan-for-gaelic&quot;&gt;Plana N&amp;#xE0;iseanta&lt;/a&gt; airson na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (le ro-innleachd airson foghlam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig) an 2007 agus on uair sin tha am B&amp;#xF2;rd air iarraidh air grunn bhuidhnean planaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ullachadh. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.3.4</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>4.4.1 Te Reo Maori</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.4.1</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Anns a’ chuid mh&amp;#xF2;r den t-saoghal tha d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas (no fi&amp;#xF9; ’s ioma-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas) cumanta. Tha mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nanan coltach ris a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid a dh&amp;#xF9;thchannan, leis an aon se&amp;#xF2;rsa dhuilgheadasan agus dh&amp;#xF9;rachdan. Tha luchd-labhairt nan c&amp;#xE0;nan sin a’ f&amp;#xE0;s nas mothachaile air a sin agus air na dh’fhaodas iad ionnsachadh o ch&amp;#xE8;ile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aig co-labhairt a chuir Comhairle na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd air chois ann an 2005, dh’innis Tipene Chrisp, Manaidsear Poileasaidh ann am Ministrealachd Leasachadh Maori aig Riaghaltas Shealain Nuaidh mu shuidheachadh Maori aig an &amp;#xE0;m sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-quote oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;By the late 1970s, it was predicted that the Maori language would be dead by 2010. This dire prediction sparked significant action to revitalise Maori in the early 1980s.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There was some recognition of the importance of home and community in this early phase. However, this recognition was quickly overtaken by our emphasis on formal education and broadcasting as the primary means for language revitalisation. It wasn’t until the Maori Language Conference of 1995 that home and community language development returned to the agenda. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The renewed emphasis on home and community language development was based on Fishman’s focus on intergenerational language transmission. We absorbed this theoretical approach over time and were inspired by it. It has been adopted as the central platform of our strategy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We realised quite early that Government cannot directly influence intergenerational language transmission. We can only take indirect measures that support the creation of an environment that is conducive to intergenerational language transmission in homes and communities. Our research indicated that there were three broad instruments for providing this indirect support: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Incentives (mainly indirect, such as preferential access to particular schools)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;information (originally text-based for reasons of cost but now involving a range of media, including storylines in TV soaps)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;advice (delivered mainly through language planning at the community level and a system of family language mentors on the home front).’&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha luchd-brosnachaidh c&amp;#xE0;nan nam Maori den bheachd gu bheil an teaghlach agus a’ choimhearsnachd s&amp;#xF2;nraichte cudromach ma tha a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan dol a thighinn be&amp;#xF2; agus mar sin ’s e suidheachadh far a bheil i ga toirt le aon ghinealach dhan ath ghinealach a’ phr&amp;#xEC;omh amas aca. Tha &amp;#xE0;ite cudromach air a bhith aig na &lt;i&gt;kohanga reo&lt;/i&gt;, no na &amp;#x2018;neadan c&amp;#xE0;nain’, a tha toirt seachad tr&amp;#xE0;th-fhoghlam ann am Maori, anns an ro-innleachd seo. Airson bhidio mu na kohanga reo faic gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media oucontent-media-mini&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-embedtemplate&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Airson fiosrachadh mun ch&amp;#xE0;nan Maori san fharsaingeachd, tadhail air &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.maorilanguage.info/mao_lang_faq.html&quot;&gt;&amp;#x2018;He Korero mo Te reo Maori’&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.4.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>4.4.2 B&amp;#xE0;rd d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.4.2</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Ged nach eil Aonghas MacNeacail a’ cleachdadh ach an riochd G&amp;#xE0;idhlig de ainm, tha e cli&amp;#xF9;iteach airson a bh&amp;#xE0;rdachd san d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha grunn luchd-naidheachd, actaran agus craoladairean a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh an aon rud, rud a tha a’ toirt dhaibh barrachd chothroman cosnaidh. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v43df1c76-03c1-4b78-aea7-aee558c25727&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig037.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 30 Aonghas MacNeacail&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seo an d&amp;#xE0;n aig Aonghas air Marilyn Monroe, san d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan. Gheibhear l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n Aonghais aig: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.aonghasmacneacail.co.uk/cv.htm&quot;&gt;www.aonghasmacneacail.co.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;cv.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Marilyn Monroe le Aonghas Macneacail&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r 'na do ghruaig &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold in your hair &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r ann an &amp;#xEC;nean do chas&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold in the nails on your feet &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r ann an ruisg chadalach do sh&amp;#xF9;ilean be&amp;#xF2;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold in the sleepy lids of your living eyes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r 'na do ghruaidhean, 'nam fathann athaidh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold in your cheeks, in their rumour of a blush &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r ruadh do bhilean&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;red gold of your lips &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r sa ghualainn mh&amp;#xEC;n &amp;#xE0;rd a' fasgadh do smig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold in the raised shoulder that shelters your chin &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r anns a' bhroilleach ghealltanachd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold in your breasts, their promise &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;paisgte 'na bhad&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;enfolded in wisps &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r 'na do chneas seang, air miadan do chruachan&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold in your slender waist, on the meadows of your hip&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;ann an l&amp;#xF9;b nan sliasaid is&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;in the curve of thigh and&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;air gl&amp;#xF9;in nan d&amp;#xEC;omhaireachd&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;on your knee of mysteries&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;rinn d' adhbrainn &amp;#xF2;rach&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;your golden ankle gave&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;dannsa caol&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;slim dances&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;do gach s&amp;#xF9;il a shealladh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;that any eye could see &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;airgead-be&amp;#xF2; 'na do chuislean&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;quicksilver in your veins &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;airgead-be&amp;#xF2; 'na do chridhe&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;quicksilver in your heart &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;airgead-be&amp;#xF2; gu na h-iomaill&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;quicksilver to every corner &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;dhe d' anam&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;of your soul &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;agus d' osnadh, do gh&amp;#xE0;ire&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;and your sighs, your laugh &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;do ghuth-seinn, do ghuth-labhairt&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;your singing, your speech &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;mar bhraoin de dh'&amp;#xF2;r&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;like a mist of gold &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;agus do gach fear a ch&amp;#xF9;m&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;and to every man who kept you &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;air lios leaghteach nan dealbh thu&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;on the screen's dissolving field &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r, o&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold, from &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;bh&amp;#xE0;rr calgach do chlaiginn gu&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;the maned top of your skull &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;buinn r&amp;#xF9;isgte do chas&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;to the bare soles of your feet &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r, &amp;#xF2;r, &amp;#xF2;r,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold, gold, gold, &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;be&amp;#xF2; no marbh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;alive or dead &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;their cuid nach robh thu cho c&amp;#xF9;bhraidh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;some say you weren't so fragrant &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;'s iad a' deothal an t-s&amp;#xF9;igh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;as they suck the substance &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xE0; sp&amp;#xF2;ran suilt &amp;#xF2;rach do bh&amp;#xE8;in&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;from the fertile purse of your skin &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#xF2;r, &amp;#xF2;r , &amp;#xF2;r&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;gold, gold, gold&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=4.4.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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    <item>
      <title>5.1 Mar a chanas mi</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.1</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Seo abairtean cumanta sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, &amp;#xC8;ist riutha le cliogadh air an t-samhla, agus an uair sin feuch rin cantainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ciamar a tha thu?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504099&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha gu math.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504109&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Madainn mhath.*&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504118&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Feasgar math.*&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504128&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thig a-steach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504138&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mach &amp;#xE0; seo!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504148&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;M&amp;#xF2;ran taing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504158&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sl&amp;#xE0;inte!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504168&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;D&amp;#xE8; tha dol?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504178&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha mi trang.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504188&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;An can thu rithist e?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504198&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mas e do thoil e.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504207&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;* Faodaidh ainmearan sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, mar ann an c&amp;#xE0;nanan eile, a bhith &lt;i&gt;fireanta&lt;/i&gt; no &lt;i&gt;boireanta&lt;/i&gt;: sin as coireach gur e &amp;#x2018;feasgar &lt;b&gt;math&lt;/b&gt;’ (fireanta) a tha ann ach &amp;#x2018;madainn &lt;b&gt;mhath&lt;/b&gt;’ (boireanta).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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    <item>
      <title>5.2.1 Gr&amp;#xE0;mar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, blasad</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.2.1</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig na p&amp;#xE0;irt den teaghlach ch&amp;#xE0;nanan Indo-E&amp;#xF2;rpach agus mar sin tha c&amp;#xE0;irdeas fad-&amp;#xE0;s aice ri c&amp;#xE0;nanan mar Beurla agus Fraingis, mar a tha ainmean nan &amp;#xE0;ireamhan 1-3 a’ sealltainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504252&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504258&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504265&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xE0;r 8&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td/&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Eadailtis&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Fraingis&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;D&amp;#xE0;nais&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Beurla&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;aon&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;uno&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;un&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;een&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;one&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;d&amp;#xE0;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;due&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;deux&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;to&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;two&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;tr&amp;#xEC;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;tre&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;trois&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;tre&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;three&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an c&amp;#xE0;irdeas seo a’ ciallachadh gu bheil gr&amp;#xE0;mar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig coltach ri gr&amp;#xE0;mar nan c&amp;#xE0;nanan eile sin ann an cuid a dh&amp;#xF2;ighean ach eadar-dhealaichte bhuapa ann an d&amp;#xF2;ighean eile. Mar eisimpleir, tha am buadhair mar as trice &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh an ainmeir sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig – mar a tha ann am Fraingis – ach tha e an rathad eile sa Bheurla. Sin as coireach gu bheil an cuideam air an lide mu dheireadh ann an ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite mar &amp;#x2018;Glenmore’ – &amp;#x2018;An Gleann M&amp;#xF2;r’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504519&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seo mar a tha seantans sh&amp;#xEC;mplidh Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a cur ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha mi a’ sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh litir.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504532&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Notaichean:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;*1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;*2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;*3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;*4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tha&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;mi&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;a’ sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;litir.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;*1 Tha &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;tha&lt;/i&gt;’ co-ionnan ri &amp;#x2018;am’ sa Bheurla ach, ged a chanas sinn &amp;#x2018;I am’, &amp;#x2018;you are’, &amp;#x2018;he is’, ’s e &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;tha&lt;/i&gt;’ a tha an-c&amp;#xF2;mhnaidh sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, i.e.: &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;tha mi&lt;/i&gt;’, &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;tha thu&lt;/i&gt;’, &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;tha e&lt;/i&gt;’&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;*2 Tha na faclan ann an &amp;#xF2;rdugh eadar-dhealaichte sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, le &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;tha&lt;/i&gt;’ ro &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;mi&lt;/i&gt;’&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;*3 &amp;#x2018;A’ sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh’ = &amp;#x2018;writing’: smaoinich air &amp;#x2018;scribe’ no &amp;#x2018;scribble’&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;*4 &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;Litir&lt;/i&gt;’ = &amp;#x2018;a letter’: Chan eil leithid &amp;#x2018;a’ no &amp;#x2018;an’ anns a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
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          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
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          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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    <item>
      <title>5.2.2 Fuaimean agus litrichean</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.2.2</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Faodaidh fuaimreagan a bhith goirid no fada sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha sr&amp;#xE0;c air an fheadhainn fhada, me:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;bata &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504620&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504627&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504633&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;b&amp;#xE0;ta&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504643&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504649&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504655&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Faodaidh d&amp;#xE0; fhuaim a bhith aig connragan cuideachd – mar anns a’ Bheurla (me, an &amp;#x2018;d’ ann an &amp;#x2018;door’ agus ann an &amp;#x2018;duke’). Tha &amp;#x2018;d’ na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, nuair a tha e ri taobh &amp;#x2018;a’, &amp;#x2018;o’ no &amp;#x2018;u’, coltach ris an &amp;#x2018;d’ ann an &amp;#x2018;door’:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&amp;#x2018;doras’&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504669&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504676&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504682&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&amp;#x2018;d&amp;#xE0;’&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504692&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504698&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504704&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;ach tha e coltach ris an &amp;#x2018;d’ ann an &amp;#x2018;duke’ nuair a tha e ri taobh &amp;#x2018;e’ no &amp;#x2018;i’:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&amp;#x2018;de’&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504718&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504724&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504730&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;idir&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504740&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504746&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504752&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha fuaim cuid a litrichean ag atharrachadh nuair a tha &amp;#x2018;h’ a’ dol c&amp;#xF2;mhla riutha. Mar eisimpleir, nuair a tha thu ag &amp;#xE8;igheach air cuideigin leis an ainm &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;M&amp;#xE0;iri&lt;/i&gt;’, tha an t-ainm ag atharrachadh gu &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;Mh&amp;#xE0;iri&lt;/i&gt;’. Tha cuid a’ cleachdadh Mh&amp;#xE0;iri mar ainm sa Bheurla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504772&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504779&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504785&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha barrachd fhuaimean fa leth sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig na tha sa Bheurla ach tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ cleachdadh nas lugha litrichean: mar sin feumaidh na litrichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig obrachadh nas cruaidhe ach, a dh’aindeoin sin, tha litreachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gl&amp;#xE8; fharasta a thuigsinn. Can na faclan seo agus an uair sin cliog air an t-samhla airson an cluinntinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;aran&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504800&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504806&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504813&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v1ec8e4e7-6dde-4882-8f97-b7b47c3b83f7&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig046a.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;balach&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504847&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504853&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504859&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v44b5c909-50e1-45a3-9502-50958c6cc8ef&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig039a.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;c&amp;#xF2;ta&amp;#xF020;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504893&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504899&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504905&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;bc471d7e-b0ce-4ead-bbcd-1b067415d8f2&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig040a.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;deoch&amp;#xF020;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504939&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504945&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid504951&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. 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      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.2.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Cha robh a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a cleachdadh m&amp;#xF2;ran ron a seo ann an suidhichidhean mar foghlam no na naidheachdan agus air sg&amp;#xE0;th sin tha a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan gann de fhaclan airson cuspairean mar saidheans no an eaconamaidh: gu seo cha robh feum orra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns an fhichead bliadhna mu dheireadh, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, th&amp;#xF2;isich a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bhith ga cleachdadh t&amp;#xF2;rr a bharrachd airson a leithid sin agus mar sin bha feum air faclan &amp;#xF9;ra agus d&amp;#xF2;ighean-labhairt &amp;#xF9;ra ann an cabhaig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nuair a th&amp;#xF2;isich foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an 1985, mar eisimpleir, thug na h-&amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan ionadail c&amp;#xF2;mhla e&amp;#xF2;laichean c&amp;#xE0;nain agus foghlaim a dh’aontaich air liosta, &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;Faclan &amp;#xD9;ra G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/i&gt;’, de na faclan a bha gu bhith air an cleachdadh anns na sgoiltean agus ann an stuth-teagaisg airson diofar chuspairean sgoile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:350px;&quot; id=&quot;v108f04c0-807f-4d15-905a-9745402ab030&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig059.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an liosta air a bhith air a bhith air &amp;#xF9;rachadh grunn thursan on uair sin agus tha a-nise an obair air a gabhail thairis le buidheann &amp;#xF9;r, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.anseotal.org.uk&quot;&gt;An Seotal&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Rianachd&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dh’fhoillsich A’ Ph&amp;#xE0;rlamaid Albannach &lt;i&gt;Faclair na P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid&lt;/i&gt;, liosta fhaclan airson an cleachdadh ann an obair an riaghaltais, ann an 2001.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha liosta den aon se&amp;#xF2;rsa de fhaclan airson obair riaghaltais ionadail air a dheasachadh le The European Language Initiative (TELI) agus tha e ri fhaotainn an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cne-siar.gov.uk/gaelic/dictionary.asp&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gabhaidh copaidhean de Fhaclair na P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/129226/0055783.pdf&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;b65696a7-e8c2-452a-b44b-105adfb2b20b&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id505343.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig051.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id505343.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 31 Togalach P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid na h-Alba&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id505343&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id505343&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Na Naidheachdan&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e am BBC as motha a tha a’ cruthachadh agus a’ cleachdadh de fhaclan &amp;#xF9;ra G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, nan obair-naidheachd air r&amp;#xE8;idio, telebhisean agus an eadar-l&amp;#xEC;on. Chan eil liosta sl&amp;#xE0;n ann de na faclan sin ach tha liosta goirid air a bheil &amp;#x2018;Facail Fheumail’ ri fhaighinn an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/alba/naidheachdan/facail&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Co-dh&amp;#xF9;nadh&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha oidhirpean ga dh&amp;#xE8;anamh aig an &amp;#xE0;m seo gus na diofar iomairtean agus liostaichean fhaclan seo a tharraing ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile agus tha d&amp;#xF2;chas ann gun &amp;#xE8;irich Acadamaidh Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig &amp;#xE0;s an obair s&amp;#xEC;n thairis air an ath bheagan bhliadhnaichean. Airson tuilleadh fiosrachaidh cliog an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/en/our-work/gaelic-language-academy.htm&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
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          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha na c&amp;#xF2;ig eisimpleirean seo a’ sealltainn nan diofar dh&amp;#xF2;ighean a tha air an cleachdadh sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson faclan &amp;#xF9;ra a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Beurla&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;T&amp;#xF9;s/D&amp;#xF2;igh-obrach&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Triangle&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;triantan &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Seann fhacal G&amp;#xE0;idhlig - &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;trian&lt;/i&gt;’ – air a chleachdadh ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh &amp;#xF9;r. &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Geography&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;cruinn-e&amp;#xF2;las &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Na faclan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;cruinne&lt;/i&gt;’ (saoghal) agus &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;e&amp;#xF2;las&lt;/i&gt;’ air an cur c&amp;#xF2;mhla gus facal &amp;#xF9;r a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh: eisimpleir de bhun-bheachd air a &amp;#x2018;mh&amp;#xEC;neachadh’ sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;television&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;telebhisean&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tha m&amp;#xF2;ran fhaclan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ tighinn o Laideann no Gr&amp;#xE8;igis, mar as trice tron Bheurla. ’S e faclan eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta a tha ann an t&amp;#xF2;rr dhiubh a gheibhear ann an grunn ch&amp;#xE0;nanan. &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;rectangle&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ceart-che&amp;#xE0;rnach&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;Ceart&lt;/i&gt;’ agus &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;ce&amp;#xE0;rn&lt;/i&gt;’ air an cur c&amp;#xF2;mhla mar eadar-theangachadh de &amp;#x2018;rectangle’. 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Tha br&amp;#xEC;gh &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;creideas&lt;/i&gt;’ (rud a tha thu a’ creidsinn) air atharrachadh gu bhith co-ionnan ri &amp;#x2018;credit’ (airgead): canar &amp;#x2018;loan shift’ ri seo.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;triantan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid505521&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. 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&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.3.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>5.3.3 Faclan-iasaid Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig sa Bheurla</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.3.3</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha a h-uile c&amp;#xE0;nan a’ gabhail a-steach faclan &amp;#xE0; c&amp;#xE0;nanan eile. Tha t&amp;#xF2;rr fhaclan sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a th&amp;#xE0;inig on Bheurla ach tha beagan ann a chaidh an rathad eile. Seo cuid aca. Tha an fheadhainn seo a’ buntainn ri cruth na t&amp;#xEC;re ann an Alba:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;ben (&lt;i&gt;beinn&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;brae (&lt;i&gt;br&amp;#xE0;igh&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;corry (&lt;i&gt;coire&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;glen (&lt;i&gt;gleann&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;loch (&lt;i&gt;loch&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seo faclan a’ buntainn ri cultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;caber (bho &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;cabar&lt;/i&gt;’).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;ceilidh&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;clan (bho &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;clann&lt;/i&gt;’)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;galore (&amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;gu le&amp;#xF2;r&lt;/i&gt;’)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;slogan (bho &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;sluagh-ghairm&lt;/i&gt;’)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;sporran (&lt;i&gt;sporan&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;whisky (bho &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;uisge-beatha&lt;/i&gt;’)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bidh na h-eisimpleirean seo air an toirt seachad uaireannan ach chan eil e idir cinnteach gur ann on Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a th&amp;#xE0;inig iad:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;grotty (bho &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;grod&lt;/i&gt;’)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;smashing (bho &lt;i&gt;’S math sin&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;shoot (bho &lt;i&gt;siuthad&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;twig (bho &lt;i&gt;tuig&lt;/i&gt;)!&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.3.3</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>5.4 Ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.4</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid505680&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Le cead &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/&quot;&gt;BBC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Inbhich a tha ag ionnsachadh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ag innse Carson&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.4</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
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          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;’S e bhith ga togail san dachaigh agus ga cleachdadh sa choimhearsnachd an d&amp;#xF2;igh as cumanta, agus as fhe&amp;#xE0;rr, air c&amp;#xE0;nan ionnsachadh. Tha seo a’ tachairt fhathast leis a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ach chan eil uimhir is a bha uaireigin. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na d&amp;#xF2;ighean eile air c&amp;#xE0;nanan ionnsachadh de dh&amp;#xE0; she&amp;#xF2;rsa: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;ionnsachadh, mar as trice ann an &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoil no sgoil-oidhche, far a bheil an cuideam air cruth a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain, i.e. air gr&amp;#xE0;mar &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;ionnsachadh sa bheil an cuideam air br&amp;#xEC;gh, no co-luadar, i.e. far a bheil an luchd-ionnsachaidh a’ togail a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain tro bhith ga cleachdadh, mar eisimpleir ann am foghlam-bogaidh leithid foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha aonta ann gur e an dara d&amp;#xF2;igh dhiubh sin as fhe&amp;#xE0;rr, agus as luaithe, a bheir luchd-ionnsachaidh gu bhith comasach air conaltradh sa ch&amp;#xE0;nan – on a tha am &amp;#x2018;bogadh’ a’ cruthachadh iarrtas l&amp;#xE0;idir gus sin a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh – ach nach eil an-c&amp;#xF2;mhnaidh e&amp;#xF2;las math aca air a’ ghr&amp;#xE0;mar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an d&amp;#xF2;igh ionnsachaidh eile &amp;#xE8;ifeachdach cuideachd, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh le luchd-ionnsachaidh le alt airson c&amp;#xE0;nanan, ach tha e toirt nas fhaide tighinn gu fileantachd leis an d&amp;#xF2;igh sin – agus tha t&amp;#xF2;rr a’ f&amp;#xE0;gail mus ruig iad an &amp;#xEC;re sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S ann tro chlasaichean-oidhche, mu dh&amp;#xE0; uair a th&amp;#xEC;de a dh’fhaid agus a’ ruith fad seachdainean a’ gheamhraidh, as &amp;#xE0;bhaist inbhich t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha diofar dh&amp;#xF2;ighean-teagaisg ri fhaighinn sna clasaichean sin ach mar as trice tha an cuideam air &amp;#x2018;structar’ a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain. Faodaidh iad a bhith st&amp;#xE8;idhte air leabhar no pr&amp;#xF2;gram telebhisein no, uaireannan, a bhith air an dealbh leis an neach-teagaisg fh&amp;#xE8;in a dh’aon ghnothaich airson nan oileanach aige. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean goirid coltach ri sin ach gu bheil iad a’ tachairt thairis air seachdain no dh&amp;#xE0;, le clasaichean a’ dol fad an latha mar as trice: gl&amp;#xE8; thric bidh na h-oileanaich a’ fuireach c&amp;#xF2;mhla agus tha seo a’ toirt dhaibh cothrom a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan a chleachdadh taobh a-muigh a’ chlas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cuideachd l&amp;#xE0;raich-l&amp;#xEC;n ann tro faod daoine a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan ionnsachadh air-loidhne: gheibhear cunntasan orrasan san ath earrann. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e d&amp;#xF2;igh mhath a tha ann an clasaichean-oidhche, c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean goirid agus c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean air-loidhne airson t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig on a tha iad a’ dol mar as trice aig astar cofhurtail, le t&amp;#xF2;rr taic agus gl&amp;#xE8; thric le cothrom ionnsachadh mu chultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus coinneachadh ri daoine &amp;#xF9;ra. Chan eil iad cho math, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, air luchd-ionnsachaidh a thoirt gu fileantachd ann an &amp;#xF9;ine ghoirid.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Airson inbhich aig a bheil greim mu thr&amp;#xE0;th air bunaitean a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain, no a tha ag iarraidh ionnsachadh aig astar nas luaithe nan &amp;#xE0;bhaist, tha a’ ch&amp;#xF9;rsa &amp;#x2018;&amp;#xD9;lpan’ a tha air tighinn am b&amp;#xE0;rr o chionn greise a’ tabhann slighe eile gu fileantachd. Tha &amp;#xD9;lpan st&amp;#xE8;idhte air d&amp;#xF2;igh-teagaisg a th&amp;#xF2;isich ann an Israel le Eabhrais agus a chaidh a leasachadh sa Chuimrigh. Tha structar leantainneach air a’ ch&amp;#xF9;rsa agus tha an cuideam air c&amp;#xF2;mhradh. Tha 200 aonad sa ch&amp;#xF9;rsa, a dh’fhaodar a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh ann an diofar riochdan, mar eisimpleir d&amp;#xE0; thuras san t-seachdain thairis air 3 bliadhna no barrachd chlasaichean ann an &amp;#xF9;ine ghoirid, rud a leigeadh leis a’ ch&amp;#xF9;rsa a bhith d&amp;#xE8;ante an taobh a-staigh 10 seachdainean. Dh’fhaoidte cuideachd an d&amp;#xE0; dh&amp;#xF2;igh-obrach sin a chur c&amp;#xF2;mhla, leis an neach-ionnsachaidh a’ dol gu d&amp;#xE0; chlas san t-seachdain airson greis ach, o &amp;#xE0;m gu &amp;#xE0;m, a’ gabhail c&amp;#xF9;rsa dhian airson &amp;#xF9;ine ghoirid. ’S e amas &amp;#xD9;lpan an neach-ionnsachaidh a thoirt, ceum air cheum, gu bhith fileanta sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig cr&amp;#xEC;och na c&amp;#xF9;rsa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear fiosrachadh mu na c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean seo, agus cunntas air d&amp;#xE8; tha dol na do sg&amp;#xEC;re-sa, o Chomunn an Luchd-Ionnsachaidh, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cli.org.uk&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xEC; G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha BBC Alba a’ ruith diofar l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n do luchd-ionnsachaidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig diofar aoisean agus &amp;#xEC;rean. Gheibhear liosta an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/learngaelic&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:390px;&quot; id=&quot;v4449facc-d1c0-4dcb-abcd-b09fc1959e09&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig112.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 32 Cuid de na l&amp;#xE0;raich airson luchd-ionnsachaidh a lorgar air l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n BBC Alba - &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/colinandcumberland/&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Colin and Cumberland&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/alba/foghlam/airsplaoid/episodes/episodesindex.shtml&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Air Splaoid&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; agus &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/dealas/&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Dealas&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na goireasan a leanas do luchd-ionnsachaidh air l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n Comhairle na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://ww2.highland.gov.uk/gaelic_in_the_highlands&quot;&gt;fiosrachadh mun Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://thc.highlandlife.net/highland_council_gaelic_toolkit&quot;&gt;abairtean&lt;/a&gt; a ghabhas cleachdadh ann an diofar suidhichidhean:&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear liosta de fhaclan agus abairtean a dh’fhaodas p&amp;#xE0;rantan a chleachdadh ri clann an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/ionnsachadh/bgfp&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &amp;#x2018;C&amp;#xF9;rsa Inntrigidh’ Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig air a dealbh airson oileanaich ullachadh airson nan c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean aca ach faodaidh daoine eile an c&amp;#xF9;rsa a ghabhail cuideachd. Airson tuilleadh fiosrachadh, cliog an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/Foghlam/Tagh-Cursa/Air-Astar/Cursa-Inntrigidh/index_en.html&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha inbhich ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air feadh Alba – agus thall thairis cuideachd. Gl&amp;#xE8; thric bidh luchd-ionnsachaidh a’ cur bhuidhnean-taice no cearcaill-c&amp;#xF2;mhraidh air chois dhaibh fh&amp;#xE8;in. Gheibhear fiosrachadh gu h-&amp;#xEC;osal mu l&amp;#xE0;raich-l&amp;#xEC;n tr&amp;#xEC; dhiubh sin – ann am F&amp;#xEC;obh, Glaschu agus Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e &lt;i&gt;Cearcall C&amp;#xF2;mhraidh F&amp;#xEC;obha&lt;/i&gt; l&amp;#xEC;onradh de inbhich a tha ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann am F&amp;#xEC;obh. Bidh iad a’ coinneachadh agus a’ cur thachartasan air chois tric air feadh na sg&amp;#xEC;re sin. Chithear an l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n tlachdmhor aca an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.wix.com/cearcall/cearcall-comhraidh-fiobha&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e &lt;i&gt;Meetup G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Ghlaschu&lt;/i&gt; buidheann den aon she&amp;#xF2;rsa ann an Glaschu. Tha na p&amp;#xEC;osan seo a chaidh a thogail on &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://meetup.gaelicglasgow.org.uk&quot;&gt;l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n&lt;/a&gt; aca - ag innse beachdan cuid anns a’ bhuidheann: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;D&amp;#xE8; tha buill ag r&amp;#xE0;dh?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-quote oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;A bunch of lovely people who made me feel very welcome!’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Leona Buchanan &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-quote oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;&amp;#xA0;It is a very friendly, informal group. Everyone is accepted no matter what level their Gaelic is and it helps gain confidence in speaking.&amp;#xA0;’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://meetup.gaelicglasgow.org.uk/members/2510836/&quot;&gt;Evelyn&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agus mu dheireadh, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=18675106481&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt; buidheann luchd-ionnsachaidh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.4.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>5.5 Cothroman dhan chloinn</title>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha barrachd is barrachd dhaoine ann an Alba, co-dhi&amp;#xF9; a tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aca fh&amp;#xE8;in gus nach eil, a’ feuchainn ri d&amp;#xE8;anamh cinnteach gu bheil an cothrom aig an clann a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ionnsachadh. Tha grunn adhbhair air seo ach ’s e na dh&amp;#xE0; as cudromaiche gu bheil iad mothachail air an &amp;#xE0;ite a tha aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an dualchas agus eachdraidh Alba agus gu bheil iad a’ faicinn na tha ann de chothroman cosnaidh a-nise do dhaoine &amp;#xF2;ga leis a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na roghainnean a tha ann do ph&amp;#xE0;rantan agus luchd-ionnsachaidh &amp;#xF2;g eadar-dhealaichte o &amp;#xE0;ite gu &amp;#xE0;ite. Tha a’ phr&amp;#xEC;omh fheadhainn air an ainmeachadh an seo. Airson faighinn a-mach d&amp;#xE8; tha ri fhaighinn na do sg&amp;#xEC;re fh&amp;#xE8;in, faighnich dhan t-seirbheis foghlaim ionadail agad no tadhail air l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/en/our-work/education&quot;&gt;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;en/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;our-work/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;education&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:0&quot;&gt;&amp;#xA0;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/en/our-work/education/faq.html&quot;&gt;www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;en/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;our-work/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;education/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;faq.html&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e gn&amp;#xE8; de &amp;#x2018;fhoghlam bogaidh’ a tha ann am foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (FTG) anns a bheil sgoilearan ag ionnsachadh a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain aig an aon &amp;#xE0;m ri bhith ga cleachdadh gus rudan eile ionnsachadh. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de na sgoilearan ann an FTG nuair a th&amp;#xF2;isicheas iad (mar as trice aig aois eadar 0-3 bliadhna). Tha iad ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig tro bhith ga cluinntinn mun cuairt orra agus ga cleachdadh agus tha iad a’ faighinn beagan de theagasg c&amp;#xE0;nain cuideachd, tro gheamannan, &amp;#xF2;rain is sgeulachdan. Tha an &amp;#xEC;re mhath a h-uile sgoilear ann an FTG comasach air a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan a bhruidhinn mun &amp;#xE0;m a dh’fh&amp;#xE0;gas iad an sgoil. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha foghlam bogaidh air a chleachdadh ann am m&amp;#xF2;ran a’ mhion-ch&amp;#xE0;nanan, mar a’ Chuimrigh, ach tha e air a chleachdadh le cuid de nas c&amp;#xE0;nanan &amp;#x2018;m&amp;#xF2;ra’ cuideachd, mar eisimpleir Fraingis ann an Canada. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;d8570ea8-21fe-4ae3-ba8b-808ee1a93101&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig056.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 33 Sgoil Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig Ghlaschu&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha foghlam tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a thoirt seachad le &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan ionadail far a bheil p&amp;#xE0;rantan ga iarraidh. Tha poileasaidh &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan air a seo ag atharrachadh o &amp;#xE0;ite gu &amp;#xE0;ite ach mar as trice tha iad a’ coimhead airson dearbhadh gu bheil iarrtas gu le&amp;#xF2;r ann airson an se&amp;#xF2;rsa foghlaim seo a chumail a’ dol &amp;#xF9;ine. Uaireannan faodaidh duilgheadas &amp;#xE8;irigh a thaobh cosgais, gainnead r&amp;#xF9;m ann an sgoil no d&amp;#xEC;th thidsearan. Airson fiosrachadh mun t-suidheachadh san sg&amp;#xEC;re agadsa, bruidhinn ri do sheirbheis foghlaim ionadail, a’ bhuidheann ph&amp;#xE0;rantan &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.parant.org.uk&quot;&gt;Comann nam P&amp;#xE0;rant&lt;/a&gt; no B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Gheibhear na dh&amp;#xE0; mu dheireadh aig: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/en/our-work/education&quot;&gt;www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;en/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;our-work/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;education&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/en/our-work/education/faq.html&quot;&gt;www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;en/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;our-work/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;education/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;faq.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Luchd-ionnsachaidh sa Bhun-sgoil (GLPS)&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e sgeama n&amp;#xE0;iseanta a tha ann an GLPS a tha a’ toirt tr&amp;#xE8;anadh agus stuth-teagaisg do thidsearan a leigeas leotha beagan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a theagasg do sgoilearan, mar as trice aig ceann &amp;#xE0;rd na bun-sgoile. ’S e an t-amas aig GLPS beagan e&amp;#xF2;lais a thoirt do sgoilearan air c&amp;#xE0;nan agus cultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gus an c&amp;#xF9;m iad orra ga h-ionnsachadh san &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Clasaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig san &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoil&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S &amp;#xE0;bhaist do chlasaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson luchd-ionnsachaidh t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh ann an AS1 agus gabhaidh iad sgoilearan aig nach robh sgath G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ron a sin. Tha na clasaichean seo a’ ruighinn &amp;#xEC;re nan Teisteanasan N&amp;#xE0;iseanta aig SQA agus tha iad rim faighinn ann an &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoiltean air feadh Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cuideachd clasaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann do fhileantaich anns na h-&amp;#xE0;rd-sgoiltean ann an sg&amp;#xEC;rean far a bheil FTG sa bhun-sgoil. Tha an Teisteanasan N&amp;#xE0;iseanta fh&amp;#xE8;in aig na sgoilearan seo a tha coltach ri na deuchainnean aig an aon &amp;#xEC;re ann am Beurla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha beagan chuspairean air an teagasg tro mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns an &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoil ach ’s e gl&amp;#xE8; bheag a tha ann an cuid a dh’&amp;#xE0;itichean. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear fiosrachadh mu GLPS agus mu theagasg na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar chuspair air l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk&quot;&gt;B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=5.5</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>6.1 Ealain na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.1</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Chan eil m&amp;#xF2;ran againn ann an sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh mu eachdraidh nan ealain dhealbhach air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd, ged a tha eachdraidh chudromach aca. ’S e call a tha an sin oir tha an inbhe a tha air a thoirt do dhualchas l&amp;#xE8;irsinneach sluaigh, gu h-eachdraidheil agus san latha an-diugh, a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha an saoghal a’ faicinn chultaran agus mar a tha na cultaran gam faicinn fh&amp;#xE8;in&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha rudan leithid Leabhar Dhurrow agus Leabhar Cheanannais (no &amp;#x2018;Kells’) ainmeil gun teagamh. Ach a bharrachd air na l&amp;#xE0;mh-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhainnea sin, a chuireadh ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile ann an Eilean &amp;#xCC;, thug a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd dhuinn cuideachd Leabhar Dh&amp;#xE8;ir (Leabhar de na Soisgeil ann an Laideann on 10amh linn a th&amp;#xE0;inig &amp;#xE1; Seann D&amp;#xE8;ir ann an Siorrachd Obar Dheathain) agus an Leabhar Shalm Cheilteach on 10amh agus an 11amh linn (anns a bheil na sailm Laideann air an sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh le l&amp;#xE0;imh, le dealbhan). Agus anns na 14amh, 15amh agus 16amh linntean tha obair snaidheadaireachd mh&amp;#xEC;orbhaileach againn ann an cloich &amp;#xE0;nn an stoidhle na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd an Iar o am Tighearnan nan Eilean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:512px;&quot; id=&quot;a0d8244f-fbf9-4904-a1e2-be39541bb110&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id506131.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;old-deer-map.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id506131.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 34 Chaidh Leabhar Dh&amp;#xE8;ir a sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh ann an Laideann anns an 10mh linn ann an Siorrachd Obar Dheathain ach tha notaichean ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air oirean nan duilleagan. Lorgar dealbh dheth an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_1_2.html#v7ef9bbf9-3b4a-4df0-a6a4-9d979468677e&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id506131&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id506131&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e ar-a-mach nan Seumasach a bu choireach gun deach toirmeasg a chur air an tartan, eisimpleir de ealain sh&amp;#xF2;nraichte a chaidh a chruthachadh air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd ach a chaidh a reic ris an t-saoghal gun m&amp;#xF2;ran buannachd dhan Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd fh&amp;#xE8;in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ach tha e cudromach ann an ealain na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd, leithid obair peantair Clann Ghrannd san 18amh linn, Richard Waitt, no obair luchd-dhealbh leithid John Blake McDonald (1829-1901) san 19amh linn. Air a’ chiad sealladh ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha gun saoilear nach eil ann an Glencoe 1692 aig an D&amp;#xF2;mhnallach ach dealbh airson taic a chur ri eachdraidh no litreachas. Ach nuair a chuimhnichear gun deach a pheantadh ann an 1879, &amp;#xE0;m Str&amp;#xEC; an Fhearainn a th&amp;#xE0;inig gu ceann le Achd nan Croitearan an 1886 (a thug c&amp;#xF2;irichean fearainn do chroitearan), chithear gur ann a tha e ag ath-bheothachadh dhuinn &amp;#xE0;m cudromach eile ann an eachdraidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd. Tha an dealbh mar sin a’ d&amp;#xE8;iligeadh ri poilitigs an ama a’ cheart cho cinnteach is a tha an dealbh air imrich, Lochaber No More, a rinn John Watson Nicol (1856-1926) ceithir bliadhna &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:510px;&quot; id=&quot;b3b78c0f-2153-45d0-a26d-cf38dd325434&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id506193.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig099.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id506193.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 35 Glencoe 1692 le Iain Blake D&amp;#xF2;mhnallach (1829-1901)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id506193&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id506193&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e inntinneach gur e neach-ealain le G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &amp;#xE0; Ceann T&amp;#xEC;re, Uilleam Mac an t-Sagairt (1835-1910), a bharrachd air duine sam bith, a st&amp;#xE8;idhich bunaitean ealan Albannach an latha an-diugh. Tha astar m&amp;#xF2;r eadar an stoidhle &amp;#xF9;r-nodha aig Mac an t-Sagairt agus an dealbh &amp;#xE0;bhaisteach a gheibhte den Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd.. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an 1911 sheall an neach-ionnsachaidh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig iomraiteach sin, &amp;#xC8;ideard Dwelly (a rugadh faisg air Arundel ann an 1864), anns an obair ainmeil aige, Faclair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig le dealbhan, gun robh e mothachail air dualchas ealain na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd. Chuidich fear-dhealbh &amp;#xE0; Ste&amp;#xF2;rnabhagh, Calum D&amp;#xF2;mhnallach, Dwelly a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh nan dealbhan airson an fhaclair. B’ esan fear den a’ chiad luchd-ealain ionnsaichte a th&amp;#xE0;inig &amp;#xE0;s na h-Eileanan Siar. Bha e na oileanach ann an Sgoil Ealain Ghlaschu agus an &amp;#xC9;cole des Beaux-Artes ann am Paris. Rinn e grunn de dhealbhan math de Le&amp;#xF2;dhas agus de bh&amp;#xE0;taichean-si&amp;#xF9;il. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mun &amp;#xE0;m sin bha cuid de luchd-dhealbh na 19amh linn mar Anndra Gibb agus Seumas Drummond air croisean &amp;#xE0;rda Eilean &amp;#xCC; agus &amp;#xCC;le agus obair eile ann an stoidhle snaidheadaireachd na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd an Iar a chl&amp;#xE0;radh&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. A’ leantainn air seo, th&amp;#xE0;inig ath-bheothachadh m&amp;#xF2;r air Ealain Cheilteach. ’S e fear de leabhraichean m&amp;#xF2;ra an Ath-bheothachaidh Cheiltich – agus gu dearbh a’ Ghluasad &amp;#x2018;Arts and Crafts’ – an cruinneachadh b&amp;#xE0;rdachd agus beul-aithris, &lt;i&gt;Carmina Gadelica&lt;/i&gt;, a dheasaich agus a dh’eadar-theangaich Alasdair MacGilleMh&amp;#xEC;cheil agus a chaidh fhoillseachadh ann an 1900.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:510px;&quot; id=&quot;v7ee372a1-3b8d-471d-b5d3-e29803f30a45&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id506263.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig098.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id506263.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 36 Duilleagan bho &lt;i&gt;Carmina Gaedelica&lt;/i&gt;, Leabhar 1, cruinneachadh de laoidhean agus orthachan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id506263&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id506263&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &amp;#xE0;ite cudromach aig a’ chiad chl&amp;#xF2;-bhualadh den leabhar seo ann an eachdraidh nan ealain dhealbhach Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Chan e a-mh&amp;#xE0;in gu bheil e a’ cur an c&amp;#xE8;ill feallsanachd ealain an ama sin aig &amp;#xEC;re &amp;#xE0;rd ach tha e cuideachd a’ dol air ais c&amp;#xF2;rr is m&amp;#xEC;le bliadhna chun na seann Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd, mar eisimpleir gu Leabhar Dh&amp;#xE8;ir. B’ e bean Alasdair MhicGilleMh&amp;#xEC;cheil, M&amp;#xE0;iri, a rinn na dealbhan&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Bha buaidh aig &lt;i&gt;Carmina Gadelica&lt;/i&gt; air duilleag-aghaidh a’ chiad chl&amp;#xF2;-bhualadh den fhaclair aig Dwelly, a’ sealltainn gu bheil ceangal ealain cho math ri ceangal c&amp;#xE0;nain eadar an d&amp;#xE0; leabhar&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_8.html&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:343px;&quot; id=&quot;v844b415f-e8fa-4041-976b-f122ff6ccba6&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id506329.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig106.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id506329.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 37 Duilleag &amp;#xE0; Faclair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Dwelly&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id506329&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id506329&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mar sin, mu thoiseach an 20amh linn bha a h-uile coltas gum f&amp;#xE0;sadh na h-ealain dhealbhach gu bhith nam p&amp;#xE0;irt chudromach de chultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig san fharsaingeachd. Carson nach do thachair sin, co-dhi&amp;#xF9; ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh leantainneach?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e aon adhbhar airson sin gun do chailleadh uimhir de shluagh na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd san t-se&amp;#xF2;rsa imrich a dhealbhaich Uilleam Mac an t-Sagairt cho dr&amp;#xF9;idhteach ann an &lt;i&gt;Sailing of the Emigrant Ship&lt;/i&gt;, a pheant e ann an 1895. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v6514042d-dfee-4b5a-90f3-886e2cad994e&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig069.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 38 &lt;i&gt;The Sailing of the Emigrant Ship&lt;/i&gt; (1895) le Uilleam Mac an t-Sagairt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cuideachd aig an &amp;#xE0;m sin, aig deireadh na 19amh linn, bha buaidh Achd Foghlaim 1872 air t&amp;#xF2;iseachadh ga faireachdainn. ’S e an teachdaireachd ann am foghlam nach robh feum sam bith sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan agus, mar sin, nach robh feum ann an dualchas nan ealain Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig nas m&amp;#xF2;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha buaidh air a bhith aig dealbhan Mhic an t-Sagairt air luchd-dhealbh an latha an-diugh mar Will MaclIleathain, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh a thaobh an d&amp;#xF2;igh a tha iad sin a’ d&amp;#xE8;iligeadh ri cuspairean mar seilbh air an talamh. Tha na c&amp;#xE0;irn-cuimhneachaidh aig MacIlleathain ann am Baile Ailein, Aiginis agus Griais ann an Le&amp;#xF2;dhas nan eisimpleirean math air seo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:510px;&quot; id=&quot;v5bf177c6-8765-483c-9deb-0373563552a7&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig101.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 39 Aon de na c&amp;#xE0;irn cuimhneachaidh a thog Will MacIllEathain ann a Le&amp;#xF2;dhas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha buaidh l&amp;#xE0;idir air a bhith aig b&amp;#xE0;rdachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air luchd-ealain cuideachd. Ann an 2002 thug &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.leabharmor.net&quot;&gt;An Leabhar M&amp;#xF2;r /&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt; The Great Book of Gaelic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:0&quot;&gt;&amp;#xA0;&lt;/span&gt; c&amp;#xF2;mhla dealbhan a rinn 100 luchd-ealain &amp;#xE0; Alba agus &amp;#xC8;irinn fo bhuaidh b&amp;#xE0;rdachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Bha seo a’ gabhail a-steach Will MacIlleathain ag obair comhla ri &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.aonghasmacneacail.co.uk/&quot;&gt;Aonghas MacNeacail&lt;/a&gt;, Mhairi Killin le Meg Bateman, Kate Whiteford a’ toirt be&amp;#xF2; faclan Mhurchaidh MhicPh&amp;#xE0;rlain, Fl&amp;#xF2;raidh NicCoinnich le faclan &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/ruaraidh_macthomais/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Ruaraidh MhicTh&amp;#xF2;mais&lt;/a&gt;, Elizabeth Ogilvie ag obair le &amp;#xF2;ran a rinn bana-bh&amp;#xE0;rd na 17amh linn, M&amp;#xE0;iri nighean Alasdair Ruaidh, agus Calum Aonghas MacAoidh a’ sgr&amp;#xF9;dadh b&amp;#xE0;rdachd &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/donnchadh_ban/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Dhonnchaidh Bh&amp;#xE0;in&lt;/a&gt;. Th&amp;#xE0;inig taisbeanadh-siubhail eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta a-mach &amp;#xE0;s a phr&amp;#xF2;iseact seo aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaelic-arts.com/&quot;&gt;Pr&amp;#xF2;iseact Nan Ealan&lt;/a&gt; a ch&amp;#xF9;m a’ dol deich bliadhna &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh dha bhith air a chur ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile an toiseach. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir a r&amp;#xE0;dh cuideachd gu bheil am pr&amp;#xF2;gram Luchd-ealain air Muinntireas a chuireadh air chois aig Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig ann an 2007 air a bhith gl&amp;#xE8; chudromach, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh air sg&amp;#xE0;th obair Gill Russell agus Eoghan Mac Colla. Bha taisbeanadh a’ tarraing aire as &amp;#xF9;r gu ealain na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd air a chumail ann an Ionad Ealain Dh&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann bho Samhain 2010 gu M&amp;#xE0;rt 2011 a bha e a’ gabhail a-steach cuid den luchd-ealain a ghabh p&amp;#xE0;irt san Leabhar Mh&amp;#xF2;r, nam measg – a bharrachd air an fheadhainn a chaidh ainmeachadh roimhe – Eilidh Macalister, D&amp;#xF2;mhnall Mac a’ Ghobhainn, D&amp;#xF2;mhnall Urchadan, Tormod Seathach agus Frances Walker. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:510px;&quot; id=&quot;v8832fa70-cbc0-495f-b660-facdfbf9e471&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig104.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 40 Ionad Ealain Dh&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am measg nan taisbeanaidhean a bha ann ron a seo bha &lt;i&gt;As an Fhearann / From the Land: Clearance, Conflict and Crofting&lt;/i&gt; (1986) agus &lt;i&gt;Togail T&amp;#xEC;r / Marking Time: The Map of the Western Isles&lt;/i&gt; (1989), agus an taisbeanadh &lt;i&gt;Calanais&lt;/i&gt; ann an 1995, beachdan luchd-ealain an latha an-diugh air l&amp;#xE0;rach arc-e&amp;#xF2;lais cli&amp;#xF9;iteach G&amp;#xE0;idhealach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am measg na h-obrach a rinneadh anns na bliadhnaichean mu dheireadh tha an cruth-umha cudromach, &lt;i&gt;Crannghal&lt;/i&gt;, a chaidh a dhealbh le Will MacIlleathain agus Artair Watson agus a chaidh a chur suas aig Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig ann an 2006. Tha an cruth b&amp;#xE0;ta a tha air a’ sealltainn mar a bha fiosrachadh a’ gluasad air feadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd; chan eil coltas &amp;#x2018;cr&amp;#xEC;ochnaichte’ air, rud a tha ag innse nach eil an obair sin fhathast ullamh. Tha ceistean c&amp;#xE0;nain agus talmhainn air an sn&amp;#xEC;omh na ch&amp;#xE8;ile anns a leithid sin de ealain. Tha na gnothaichean sin air am faicinn mar chuspairean cudromach air feadh an t-saoghail, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh bho shealladh na h-&amp;#xE0;rainneachd. Tha e ceart a r&amp;#xE0;dh mar sin gu bheil ealain dhealbhach G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd Alba a’ d&amp;#xE8;iligeadh ri ceistean a tha cudromach aig &amp;#xEC;re ionadail, n&amp;#xE0;iseanta agus eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:510px;&quot; id=&quot;c597b222-a58c-4599-8c59-0e3e96441929&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig095.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Dealbh le Murchadh D&amp;#xF2;mhnallach&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 41 &lt;i&gt;Crannghal&lt;/i&gt;, cruth-umha le Will MacIllEathain agus Artair Watson aig Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>6.2 Ce&amp;#xF2;l agus &amp;#xD2;rain</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.2</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Chan eil cr&amp;#xEC;och air an fhuaim ris an can sinn &amp;#x2018;ce&amp;#xF2;l G&amp;#xE0;idhlig’, biodh sin na che&amp;#xF2;l rock no pop agus rap, bho &amp;#xF2;rain luaidh gu puirt-a-beul, bhon chl&amp;#xE0;rsaich gu na p&amp;#xEC;oban (beag agus m&amp;#xF2;r), seinn nan salm agus opara.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns an fharsaingeachd, bidh ce&amp;#xF2;l is &amp;#xF2;rain Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air an roinn eadar &amp;#x2018;traidiseanta’ agus &amp;#x2018;measail’ agus tha grunn roinnean a bharrachd air sin, mar eisimpleir na sailm agus &amp;#xF2;rain luaidh a tha a’ comharrachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar ch&amp;#xE0;nan le taghadh farsaing de ghn&amp;#xE8; agus stoidhle. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha beul-aithris l&amp;#xE0;idir anns an dualchas agus tha sin a’ ciallachadh gu bheil dreach gu math pearsanta ga chur air &amp;#xF2;rain agus iad a’ s&amp;#xEC;or atharrachadh. ’S e gnothach caran &amp;#xF9;r a th’ ann a bhith a’ sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh fuinn. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &amp;#xF2;rain luaidh furasta an aithneachadh le s&amp;#xE8;ist, fuaimean is faclan, agus a-rithist faclan a-mh&amp;#xE0;in. Bhiodh na h-&amp;#xF2;rain sin gan cleachdadh mar dh&amp;#xF2;igh air &amp;#xEC;mpidh na h-obrach a’ lughdachadh agus boireannaich a’ luadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:387px;&quot; id=&quot;v1d3d6c4e-105d-4072-8efd-c1d962bbd34d&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig090.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 42 Banal luaidh &amp;#xE0; Uibhist a Deas. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cliog &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.tobarandualchais.co.uk/play/27041&quot;&gt;an seo&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:0&quot;&gt;&amp;#xA0;&lt;/span&gt; airson &amp;#xF2;ran luaidh a chluinntinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;A’ cur a-mach na loidhne&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha seinn nan salm gu math eadar-dhealaichte. &amp;#x2018;S e d&amp;#xF2;igh gu math &amp;#xE0;raid a th’ ann air a bhith a’ co-sheinn nan salm. Bidh aon neach a’ cur a-mach na loidhne, agus an coitheanal ga leantainn, a’ togail air gach loidhne.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha luchd-ci&amp;#xF9;il air dreach &amp;#xF9;r a chur air an d&amp;#xF2;igh seinn seo. Chaidh grunn eisimpleirean a chl&amp;#xE0;radh be&amp;#xF2; gun deisealachadh, a’ foillseachadh an d&amp;#xF2;igh seinn air feadh an t-saoghail. Chaidh a r&amp;#xE0;dh gur e seo &amp;#x2018;an aon che&amp;#xF2;l eaglaise ann am Breatainn le tomhas de dh’anam’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#xC8;ist ri Salm 72, air fonn Ste&amp;#xF2;rnabhagh, le Aonghas D&amp;#xF2;mhnallach a’ togail an fhuinn as an Eaglais Shaor, Ste&amp;#xF2;rnabhagh an 1969.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media&quot;&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;mediaid506680&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-flashjswarning&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-audiodownloadlink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;gaelic_psalm_singing.mp3?forcedownload=1&quot; title=&quot;Download this audio clip&quot;&gt;Download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Seinn nan salm&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Ce&amp;#xF2;l ionnsramaid&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha tr&amp;#xEC; ionnsramaidean ci&amp;#xF9;il a tha cudromach ann an dualchas nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal – a’ chl&amp;#xE0;rsach, am fidheall agus a’ ph&amp;#xEC;ob. Tha f&amp;#xE8;ill &amp;#xE0;s-&amp;#xF9;r orra air fad agus ginealach &amp;#xF9;r a’ ceasnachadh nan cleachdaidhean &amp;#xE0;bhaisteach agus eachdraidheil, ach aig an aon &amp;#xE0;m gan dearbhadh fh&amp;#xE8;in d&amp;#xEC;leas dhan dualchas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.wendystewart.co.uk/cds.htm&quot;&gt;Cliog an seo&lt;/a&gt; airson ce&amp;#xF2;l na cl&amp;#xE0;rsaich a chluinntinn air a chluich le Wendy Sti&amp;#xF9;bhart air an CD aice &lt;i&gt;About Time&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha dl&amp;#xF9;th cheangal eadar seinn Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus p&amp;#xEC;obaireachd nach gabh briseadh. Tha d&amp;#xE0; she&amp;#xF2;rsa p&amp;#xEC;obaireachd ann sa chumantas - ce&amp;#xF2;l m&amp;#xF2;r, an ce&amp;#xF2;l clasaigeach air a bheil &amp;#x2018;pibroch’; agus an uair sin ce&amp;#xF2;l beag – bho chaismeachd gu puirt airson dannsa leithid dannsa d&amp;#xF9;bailte, ruidhlichean, siogaichean agus dannsaichean mara.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Ionad N&amp;#xE0;iseanta na P&amp;#xEC;obaireachd, &amp;#xE0;rd-ionad na h-ionnsramaid agus ce&amp;#xF2;l na p&amp;#xEC;oba, st&amp;#xE8;idhichte ann an Glaschu, faisg air Conservatoire R&amp;#xEC;oghail na h-Alba ann an Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha m&amp;#xF2;ran ghoireasan anns an ionad ph&amp;#xEC;obaireachd eadar se&amp;#xF2;mraichean cluiche, talla m&amp;#xF2;r, ionad eachdraidh, leabharlann agus taigh-&amp;#xF2;sta agus goireasan co-labhairt. Tha am Prionnsa Te&amp;#xE0;rlach na Neach-taice. Faodar &amp;#xE8;isteachd ri ce&amp;#xF2;l na p&amp;#xEC;oba air an l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.thepipingcentre.co.uk/media-center/&quot;&gt;Ionad N&amp;#xE0;iseanta na P&amp;#xEC;obaireachd&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;An c&amp;#xE8;ilidh – dachaigh nan &amp;#xF2;ran agus ce&amp;#xF2;l G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Far am bi cruinneachadh sam bith de Gh&amp;#xE0;idheil, bidh c&amp;#xE8;ilidh, no cruinneachadh le &amp;#xF2;rain is ce&amp;#xF2;l na theis-mheadhain. Faodaidh an c&amp;#xE8;ilidh a bhith foirmeil no neo-fhoirmeil, na chruinneachadh de charaidean ag innse sgeulachdan agus a’ gabhail &amp;#xF2;rain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e am fasan anns an latha an-diugh gum bi dannsa an l&amp;#xF9;ib c&amp;#xE8;ilidh ann an suidheachadh foirmeil gu math tric. Tha c&amp;#xE8;ilidhean fhathast cudromach ge-t&amp;#xE0; anns a’ choimhearsnachd mar dh&amp;#xF2;igh air a bhith an co-luadar ri caraidean agus cumail suas ri gnothaichean an latha.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;ir tha &amp;#x2018;c&amp;#xE8;ilidh’ air atharrachadh gu bhith na &amp;#x2018;chonsairt’ agus tha iad gu math tric aig cridhe tachartasan is f&amp;#xE8;isean m&amp;#xF2;ra mar na Co-chruinneachaidhean Ceilteach ann an Glaschu gach Faoilleach, F&amp;#xE8;is Innse Gall anns na h-Eileanan an Iar agus F&amp;#xE8;is Eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta nan Dathan Ceilteach ann an Ceap Breatainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Airson tuilleadh fiosrachaidh:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.celticconnections.com&quot;&gt;www.celticconnections.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.celtic-colours.com&quot;&gt;www.celtic-colours.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.hebceltfest.com&quot;&gt;www.hebceltfest.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Am M&amp;#xF2;d N&amp;#xE0;iseanta R&amp;#xEC;oghail&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;S e Am M&amp;#xF2;d N&amp;#xE0;iseanta R&amp;#xEC;oghail f&amp;#xE8;is &amp;#xF2;rain, cultar agus ealain nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal, a tha ga chumail gach bliadhna coltach ris an Eisteddfod anns a’ Chuimrigh. Tha An Comunn G&amp;#xE0;idhealach a’ sti&amp;#xF9;ireadh a’ Mh&amp;#xF2;id anns a bheil farpaisean agus iomall gu math be&amp;#xF2;thail taobh ri taobh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh am M&amp;#xF2;d a chumail airson a’ chiad uair ann an 1892 anns an &amp;#xD2;ban agus tha inbhe is cli&amp;#xF9; aige fhathast mar phr&amp;#xEC;omh thachartas cultarail na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#xC8;ist ri cl&amp;#xE0;raidhean bho na M&amp;#xF2;dan an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/oran/orain/list/mod/?lang=gd&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;F&amp;#xE8;isean nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;S e &amp;#x2018;f&amp;#xE8;is’ facal eile ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson cuirm no fleadh. Tha am facal a-nis air a cheangal gu dl&amp;#xF9;th ri buidheann leis an aon ainm a tha a’ cur air d&amp;#xF2;igh tachartasan fon bhratach &amp;#x2018;F&amp;#xE8;isean’, far am bi &amp;#xF2;igridh a’ tighinn c&amp;#xF2;mhla a dh’ionnsachadh mun Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus mu che&amp;#xF2;l gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &amp;#xF2;igridh a’ faighinn cothrom aig na F&amp;#xE8;isean sgilean dr&amp;#xE0;ma, dannsa agus seinn traidiseanta ionnsachadh no a thoirt air adhart agus tha cothroman ann raon farsaing de dh’ionnsramaidean a l&amp;#xE0;imhseachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh a’ chiad Fh&amp;#xE8;is a chumail air Eilean Bharraigh ann an 1981. Deich bliadhna an d&amp;#xE8;idh sin, ann an 1991, chaidh Comann N&amp;#xE0;iseanta nam F&amp;#xE8;isean Ealain Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson &amp;#xF2;igridh a chur air bhonn. Tha timcheall air 50 tachartas nis gan cumail gach bliadhna air feadh Alba le mu 5,000 gam frithealadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha iomairt nam F&amp;#xE8;isean air a mheas mar innleachd ealain cho &amp;#xE8;ifeachdach ’s a th’ ann an Alba agus ’s ann tro na f&amp;#xE8;isean a tha uimhir de dh’&amp;#xF9;rachadh air tighinn air a’ bheachd a th’ aig &amp;#xF2;igridh air feadh Alba gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh air G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, &amp;#xF2;rain agus ce&amp;#xF2;l.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Bliadhna nan &amp;#xD2;ran&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chomharraich BBC Radio nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal agus BBC ALBA 2010 mar Bliadhna nan &amp;#xD2;ran agus r&amp;#xE8; na bliadhna chaidh sreath de phr&amp;#xF2;graman iomraiteach co-cheangailte ri ce&amp;#xF2;l a chraoladh, le &amp;#xF2;ran eadar-dhealaichte air a thaghadh gach latha.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tron l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/oran&quot;&gt;www.bbc.co.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;oran&lt;/a&gt; tha cothrom ann &amp;#xE8;isteachd ri cl&amp;#xE0;raidhean agus sealltainn ri bhidiothan de mh&amp;#xF2;ran de na h-&amp;#xF2;rain a chaidh a chraoladh &amp;#xE0; tasglann G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ BhBC. Tha c&amp;#xF2;rr air 800 &amp;#xF2;ran ann le na facail airson m&amp;#xF2;ran dhiubh; tha cunntais-beatha iomadh seinneadair ann agus fiosrachadh mu ch&amp;#xF2;rr air 300 b&amp;#xE0;rd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Cruinneachaidhean&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh am pr&amp;#xF2;iseact &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.tobarandualchais.co.uk/&quot;&gt;Tobar an Dualchais/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Kist o Riches&lt;/a&gt; a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh a ghl&amp;#xE8;idheil grunn mhiltean de dh’uairean a th&amp;#xEC;de de chl&amp;#xE0;radh &amp;#xF2;rain agus sgeulachdan ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus Albais, agus an cur air-loidhne ann an riochd didsiteach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n seo luma-l&amp;#xE0;n de bheul-aithris, &amp;#xF2;rain, ce&amp;#xF2;l, eachdraidh, b&amp;#xE0;rdachd, dualchas, sgeulachdan agus fiosrachadh eile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh a chruinneachadh bho na 1930an air feadh Alba agus thall thairis. Tha an stuth st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air na chaidh a chl&amp;#xE0;radh le Sgoil E&amp;#xF2;lais na h-Alba (Oilthigh Dh&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann), BBC Alba agus an cruinneachadh aig Iain Latharna Caimbeul fo ch&amp;#xF9;ram Urras N&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba ann an Eilean Chanaigh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am measg an stuth sin tha sgeulachdan a chaidh a chl&amp;#xE0;radh le Iain Latharna Caimbeul air uidheaman uacs ann an 1937 agus beul-aithris a chaidh a chruinneachadh le Calum MacIllEathainn anns na 1950an air feadh Alba; &amp;#xF2;rain an Albais a thog Hamish MacEanruig bho luchd-siubhail na d&amp;#xF9;thcha anns na 1960an agus cl&amp;#xE0;raidhean le &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/radionangaidheal/&quot;&gt;BBC Radio Nan Gaidheal&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;S&amp;#xE0;r luchd-ci&amp;#xF9;il na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cli&amp;#xF9; eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta a-nis aig grunn sheinneadairean agus luchd-ci&amp;#xF9;il G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha iad air duaisean m&amp;#xF2;ra a bhuinnig agus tha f&amp;#xE8;ill mh&amp;#xF2;r orra air feadh an t-saoghail. Tha a’ bhana-sheinneadair Julie Fowlis agus an c&amp;#xF2;mhlan Runrig nam measg.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ghlac &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.juliefowlis.com/&quot;&gt;Julie Fowlis&lt;/a&gt; aire dhaoine agus luchd-leantainn &amp;#xF9;ra air feadh Bhreatainn nuair a choisinn i duaisean ci&amp;#xF9;il agus a nochd i aig f&amp;#xE8;isean air feadh Bhreatainn agus ann an &amp;#xC8;ireann.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ged a chaidh a comhairleachadh gu l&amp;#xE0;idir saoghal nas fharsainge de che&amp;#xF2;l a leantainn, ghl&amp;#xE8;idh Julie a co-fhaireachdainn dhan dualchas aice fh&amp;#xE8;in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S ann anns a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a tha i a’ seinn fad na h-&amp;#xF9;ine, a’ togail a misneachd agus a’ cruthachadh a saoghal air st&amp;#xF2;ras de che&amp;#xF2;l, eachdraidh agus cultar a dualchais fh&amp;#xE8;in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bhon fhuair i an duais mar Sheinneadair Dualchais na Bliadhna air BBC Radio 2 ann an 2008 bhon bhana-sheinneadair KT Tunstall, tha an Daily Telegraph air a r&amp;#xE0;dh gur fhaodadh gur i Julie Fowlis &amp;#x2018;a’ chiad sh&amp;#xE0;r-sheinneadair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a thig am b&amp;#xE0;rr ann an saoghal na Beurla.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Julie Fowlis air m&amp;#xF2;ran a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh ann an &amp;#xF9;ine ghoirid. Tha i air grunn dhuaisean a thogail, le cli&amp;#xF9; agus inbhe &amp;#xE0;s-&amp;#xF9;r dha-r&amp;#xE8;ir.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Choisinn i an duais mar Sheinneadair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na Bliadhna agus Cl&amp;#xE0;r na Bliadhna aig Duaisean Ce&amp;#xF2;l Traidiseanta na h-Alba ann an 2007 agus ghl&amp;#xE8;idh i Cl&amp;#xE0;r na Bliadhna a-rithist ann an 2010. Chaidh a h-ainmeachadh tr&amp;#xEC; bliadhna sreath a ch&amp;#xE8;ile mar Sheinneadair Dualchais na Bliadhna air BBC Radio 2. ’S i a’ chiad sheinneadair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a thog an duais iomraiteach seo nuair a fhuair i e ann an 2008. ’S i cuideachd a’ chiad sheinneadair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a nochd air a’ phr&amp;#xF2;gram ainmeil ci&amp;#xF9;il telebhisein 'Later&amp;#x2026;with Jools Holland,’ ann an 2007.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil duais a fhuair i a tha cho cudromach leatha fh&amp;#xE8;in ri urram &amp;#x2018;Tosgaire na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig’, a fhuair i bho Ph&amp;#xE0;rlamaid na h-Alba ann an 2008/9, a’ chiad neach a fhuair an duais.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media oucontent-media-mini&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-embedtemplate&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Ce&amp;#xF2;l is C&amp;#xF2;mhlain&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an c&amp;#xF2;mhlan rock &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.runrig.co.uk&quot;&gt;Runrig&lt;/a&gt;, a chaidh a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh ann an 1973 anns an Eilean Sgitheanach agus an c&amp;#xF2;mhlan &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.capercaillie.co.uk/&quot;&gt;Capercaillie&lt;/a&gt; air barrachd a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh ann an saoghal a’ chi&amp;#xF9;il le G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na buidhnean sam bith eile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chl&amp;#xE0;r Runrig barrachd air 15 cl&amp;#xE0;r, agus bha a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid dhen stuth sin ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Dh’fhoillsich iad cuideachd leabhar le 150 &amp;#xF2;ran agus fiosrachadh eile mun eachdraidh aca fh&amp;#xE8;in ann an 2000.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha m&amp;#xF2;ran dhen stuth aig Runrig air a tharraing &amp;#xE0; tobar &amp;#xE0;raid de l&amp;#xE0;thaireachd, eachdraidh, poilitigs agus daoine a tha air am bonntachadh anns na h-Eileanan Siar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an luchd-leantainn aca rin lorg air feadh an t-saoghail bho Bhreatainn gu taic l&amp;#xE0;idir anns an Danmharg agus anns a’ Ghearmailt, a bharrachd air &amp;#xE0;iteachan nas &amp;#x2018;Albannaiche’ mar Alba Nuadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chluich Runrig a’ chiad chuirm riamh aca anns na St&amp;#xE0;itean Aonaichte &amp;#xE0;s leth a’ charthannais &amp;#x2018;Glasgow the Caring City’, air Giblean 4, 2006 aig Ionad Nokia ann an New York.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Opara &amp;#x2018;Hiort’&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh ce&amp;#xF2;l G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chur air &amp;#xE0;rd-&amp;#xF9;rlar eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta le Pr&amp;#xF2;iseact nan Ealan, a tha a’ sti&amp;#xF9;ireadh pr&amp;#xF2;iseactan ealan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dh’innis &amp;#x2018;Hiort’, a chaidh a dhealbh a dh’aona-ghnothach le ce&amp;#xF2;l bho Jean-Paul Dessy agus David Graham, agus sgeulachd le Iain Fionnlagh MacLe&amp;#xF2;id, mar a thachair do mhuinntir eileanan Hiort agus mar a bha iad a’ tighinn be&amp;#xF2; mas deach an toirt bho na h-eileanan ann an 1930.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cheangail neart, co-fhaireachdainn agus &amp;#xF9;idh dhaoine anns an sgeulachd seo G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ri cultar na h-E&amp;#xF2;rpa aig iomadh &amp;#xEC;re agus chuir e c&amp;#xE0;nan agus cultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air &amp;#xE0;rd-&amp;#xF9;rlar eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta ann an suidheachadh f&amp;#xEC;or.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v614271a4-10a7-4095-87b9-3980c25e3672&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id507011.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig060.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-source-reference&quot;&gt;Le cead bho Phr&amp;#xF2;iseact nan Ealan&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id507011.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 43 Dealbh bhon opara Hiort&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id507011&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id507011&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha an opara St Kilda: L’&amp;#xEE;le des Hommes-Oiseaux air an &amp;#xE0;rd-&amp;#xF9;rlar aig Theatre F&amp;#xE8;is Dh&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann, mar phr&amp;#xEC;omh thachartas aig an Fh&amp;#xE8;is Eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta ann an 2009.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An toiseach, latha meadhan samhraidh 2007, chaidh an opara fhaicinn ann an c&amp;#xF2;ig &amp;#xE0;iteachan aig an aon &amp;#xE0;m – Ste&amp;#xF2;rnabhagh an Alba, anns a’ Fhraing, anns an Ostair, anns a’ Bheilg agus anns a’ Ghearmailt. Bha dealbhan a’ tighinn be&amp;#xF2; &amp;#xE0; Hiort mar ph&amp;#xE0;irt den opara as gach &amp;#xE0;ite.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Faigh a-mach an tuilleadh air an l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://stkilda.eu/&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus cl&amp;#xE0;ir pop&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;S iongantach gun robh tachartas nas ainmeile le seinneadair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an l&amp;#xF9;ib cl&amp;#xE0;ir &amp;#xF2;rain pop na an t-&amp;#xF2;ran &amp;#x2018;Japanese Boy’ air a sheinn le Aneka ann an 1981 a r&amp;#xE0;inig &amp;#xE0;ireamh 1. Thagh an seinneadair M&amp;#xE0;iri Sandeman an t-ainm bho leabhar f&amp;#xF2;n.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sgaoil a h-&amp;#xEC;omhaigh agus an riochd a ghabh i thuice fh&amp;#xE8;in ann an &amp;#xE8;ideadh Iapanach gu m&amp;#xF2;r. Ach an d&amp;#xE8;idh a bhith a’ cuartachadh ann an saoghal pop a’ chiad ghreis, chuir M&amp;#xE0;iri (agus Aneka) an c&amp;#xF9;l ris agus choisinn i deagh chli&amp;#xF9; dhith fh&amp;#xE8;in na bana-sheinneadair air an &amp;#xE0;rd-&amp;#xF9;rlar le &amp;#xF2;rain nas traidiseanta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v56b3f7a3-24b6-4e9e-8454-17b8e16ac193&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig094.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 44 An c&amp;#xF2;mhdach a bha air cl&amp;#xE0;r Aneka, Japanese Boy, ann an 1981&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nuair a chl&amp;#xE0;r Runrig an dreach ainmeil a thug iad air an &amp;#xF2;ran &amp;#x2018;Loch Lomond (Hampden Remix)’, a chuideachadh le Clann ann an &amp;#xC8;is aig a’ BhBC, bha luchd-taic sgioba ball-coise eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba (an t-Arm Tartan) agus an seinneadair ainmeil Rod Sti&amp;#xF9;bhart mar thaic aca.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns an t-samhradh 1995 rinn Runrig rud nach do rinneadh riamh roimhe le &amp;#xF2;ran G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Thug iad an-t-&amp;#xF2;ran, An Ubhal As &amp;#xC0;irde, dhan phr&amp;#xEC;omh chl&amp;#xE0;r 20 am Breatainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Runrig a-nis am measg an fheadhainn a chaidh a chur do Thalla Iomraiteach an Luchd-ci&amp;#xF9;il Traidiseanta, tro dhuaisean Ce&amp;#xF2;l Traidiseanta na h-Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tr&amp;#xE0;th ann an 2011, dh’ fheuch c&amp;#xF2;mhlan &amp;#xF9;r &amp;#x2018;M&amp;#xE0;nran’, le &amp;#xF2;ran &amp;#x2018;Latha math’ ri na h-uimhir eile a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh ’s a rinn Runrig. Chaidh leotha gu &amp;#xEC;re, suas gu &amp;#xE0;ireamh 61 anns a’ chl&amp;#xE0;r am Breatainn, a’ reic faisg air 5,500 cl&amp;#xE0;r.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fhuair an c&amp;#xF2;mhlan gu &amp;#xE0;ireamh 1 ann an cl&amp;#xE0;r nan seinneadairean/sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaichean Breatannach agus thadhail daoine air an l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n aig a’ ch&amp;#xF2;mhlan 55,000 turas an latha an d&amp;#xE8;idh dhaibh fhoillseachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Ce&amp;#xF2;l G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus foghlam&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Roinn a’ d&amp;#xE8;iligeadh ri Ceol na h-Alba ann an Conservatoire R&amp;#xEC;oghail an h-Alba agus ’s e seo an aon &amp;#xE0;ite anns an t-saoghal far am faighear ceum le urram ann an ce&amp;#xF2;l traidiseanta Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibh oileanaich le t&amp;#xE0;lantan ann an ce&amp;#xF2;l cothroman tr&amp;#xE8;anaidh farsaing a tha nan deagh bhunait airson a dhol air adhart gu &amp;#xEC;re foghlaim eile, no airson ce&amp;#xF2;l a leantainn mar bhith-be&amp;#xF2;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha ceum oilthighe ann am p&amp;#xEC;obaireachd ga thairgse an co-bhuinn ri Ionad na P&amp;#xEC;obaireachd, aig a bheil seasamh is cli&amp;#xF9; eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta mar phr&amp;#xEC;omh ionad-teagaisg na p&amp;#xEC;obaireachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.maryannkennedy.co.uk/&quot;&gt;M&amp;#xE0;iri Anna NicUalraig&lt;/a&gt; na h-oileanach aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.rsamd.ac.uk/&quot;&gt;Conservatoire R&amp;#xEC;oghail an h-Alba&lt;/a&gt; agus tha i nis am measg pr&amp;#xEC;omh luchd-ci&amp;#xF9;il agus craolaidh am Breatainn. Tha i a’ fuireach ann a Loch Abar far a bheil sti&amp;#xF9;idio ci&amp;#xF9;il Watercolour aice fh&amp;#xE8;in agus a c&amp;#xE8;ile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An d&amp;#xE8;idh a foghlam ann an saoghal ci&amp;#xF9;il traidiseanta na h-Alba agus tr&amp;#xE8;anadh clasaigeach, thug 15 bliadhna deug ag obair dhan BhBC e&amp;#xF2;las is inbhe dhith ann an iomadach raon.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha saoghal ci&amp;#xF9;il Mh&amp;#xE0;iri Anna iomadh-fhillte, mar sheinneadair agus neach-ci&amp;#xF9;il, riochdaire, sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaiche agus neach-teagaisg. Choisinn i grunn dhuaisean ainmeil eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta, nam measg Concours Internationale de l'Harpe Celtique agus an d&amp;#xE0; Bhonn &amp;#xD2;r aig a’ Mh&amp;#xF2;d N&amp;#xE0;iseanta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mar chraoladair tha M&amp;#xE0;iri Anna air a bhith ag obair do BBC Radio Alba, BBC Radio 3, RTE agus BBC Radio nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal. Tha i cuideachd air a bhith a’ l&amp;#xEC;bhrigeadh phr&amp;#xF2;graman telebhisein air BBA Alba, BBC2, TG4 agus BBC4, pr&amp;#xF2;graman s&amp;#xF2;nraichte mu che&amp;#xF2;l an t-saoghail agus ce&amp;#xF2;l traidiseanta ann an Alba agus &amp;#xC8;ireann.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.jamesgraham.net&quot;&gt;Seumas Greumach&lt;/a&gt; cuideachd air cli&amp;#xF9; a chosnadh dha fh&amp;#xE8;in mar sh&amp;#xE0;r neach-ci&amp;#xF9;il an d&amp;#xE8;idh ceumnachadh &amp;#xE0; Conservatoire R&amp;#xEC;oghail na h-Alba. Buinidh e do dh’Asainte agus th&amp;#xF2;isich e a’ frithealadh farpaisean aig M&amp;#xF2;dan nuair a bha e gl&amp;#xE8; &amp;#xF2;g.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e nis aig &amp;#xE0;rd a chomais mar ph&amp;#xEC;obaire agus mar sheinneadair. Chaidh fhoghlam mu &amp;#xF2;rain Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig le Kenna Chaimbeul, a tha am measg an fheadhainn as cudromaiche ann an saoghal na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a thaobh a bhith ag ionnsachadh sgilean seinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e Seumas a ghl&amp;#xE8;idh an duais mar &amp;#xD2;ganach Ci&amp;#xF9;il Traidiseanta na Bliadhna aig a’ BhBC ann an 2004, a’ chiad fhireannach agus a’ chiad sheinneadair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a thog an duais.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bhuinig e am Bonn &amp;#xD2;ir aig a’ Mh&amp;#xF2;d R&amp;#xEC;oghail N&amp;#xE0;iseanta ann an 2007 agus bhon uair sin tha e air grunn CDan fhoillseachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Tachartasan coimhearsnachd&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e sgoil shamhraidh airson dannsa agus ce&amp;#xF2;l a th’ ann an Ce&amp;#xF2;las far am faigh daoine s&amp;#xE0;r oideachadh ann am p&amp;#xEC;obaireachd, f&amp;#xEC;dhleireachd, seinn, danns ruidhlichean is eile, dannsa ceum agus a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.ceolas.co.uk/&quot;&gt;Ce&amp;#xF2;las&lt;/a&gt; st&amp;#xE8;idhichte ann am f&amp;#xEC;or choimhearsnachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Uibhist a Deas. Tha an sgoil shamhraidh a’ rannsachadh gach ceangal eadar ce&amp;#xF2;l traidiseanta na h-Alba, &amp;#xF2;rain Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus dannsa, agus aig an aon &amp;#xE0;m a’ toirt cothrom do dhaoine toileachas fhaighinn asta aig c&amp;#xE8;ilidhean agus nan dachaighean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Ce&amp;#xF2;l na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a-nis &amp;#x2018;cool’&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an 1999, mar thoradh air a’ bheairteas de che&amp;#xF2;l traidiseanta a chaidh a bhrosnachadh le na F&amp;#xE8;isean agus buidhnean eile, chuir Comhairle na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd air adhart plana airson Ionad S&amp;#xE0;r-mhathais le &amp;#xE0;itichean-fuirich a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh leis a’ phlana agus chaidh an t-Ionad S&amp;#xE0;r-mhathais N&amp;#xE0;iseanta airson Ce&amp;#xF2;l Traidiseanta - &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.musicplockton.org/&quot;&gt;Sgoil Chi&amp;#xF9;il na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd&lt;/a&gt; – air taobh siar Rois fhosgladh anns a’ Ch&amp;#xE8;itein 2000 le taic airgid &amp;#xA3;500,000 bho Riaghaltas na h-Alba agus tuilleadh bho Chomhairle na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha e cudromach gur ann air an taobh an iar a chaidh a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh. Tha sg&amp;#xEC;re a’ Phluic, air taobh an iar Rois, mu choinneamh an Eilein Sgitheanaich, an teis-mheadhain coimhearsnachd a th’ air a bhith taiceil do che&amp;#xF2;l traidiseanta agus cultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig bho chionn fhada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha pr&amp;#xF2;iseact a’ Phluic s&amp;#xF2;nraichte am measg ionadan s&amp;#xE0;r-mhathais eile a chaidh a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh aig an &amp;#xE0;m. Bha e ag amas air aon she&amp;#xF2;rsa ci&amp;#xF9;il – ce&amp;#xF2;l traidiseanta. Bha aithne mar seo dhan che&amp;#xF2;l na theisteanas air an d&amp;#xE0; chuid mar a bha f&amp;#xE8;ill a-nis air, agus cuideachd mar a bhathas a’ cur luach air.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fhuair an sgoil seachad air trioblaidean ionmhais ann an 2011 le taic a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-shluaigh agus tha m&amp;#xF2;ran dhen chloinn a chaidh troimhe a-nis air cli&amp;#xF9; a chosnadh dhaibh fh&amp;#xE8;in aig &amp;#xE0;rd-&amp;#xEC;re ann an saoghal a’ chi&amp;#xF9;il gu proifeiseanta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Gu h-iongantach ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha, ’s e dannsa as lugha aig a bheil buaidh is follaiseachd de na se&amp;#xF2;rsaichean cur-seachad a th’ ann an saoghal na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. ’S ann tro na geamaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach as fhe&amp;#xE0;rr as aithne dhuinn dannsa an-diugh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cruth is dreach &amp;#xF9;r air dannsa an latha an-diugh seach mar bha, biodh sin mar thoradh air atharraichean a th&amp;#xE0;inig air deas-ghn&amp;#xE0;than, no air tighinn gu bhith nas coltaiche ri cluich is cur-seachadan chloinne.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A bharrachd air sin, leasaichear cuideachd diofar ghn&amp;#xE8; dannsa le leithid an airm a thug dreach gu math ainmeil is &amp;#xE0;raid air dannsa tro fhoillseachadh aig leithid Tat&amp;#xF9; R&amp;#xEC;oghail Airm Dh&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach air aithneachadh air feadh an t-saoghail mar th&amp;#xE8; de shamhlaidhean na h-Alba agus tha sin gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;ir ag &amp;#xE8;irigh &amp;#xE0; eilthireachd nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal agus mar a sgap iad gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte anns an 19mh linn. Bha an Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach mar she&amp;#xF2;rsa de dh’acaire cultarail a bha ceangal dhaoine ris an t-seann dh&amp;#xF9;thaich agus na seann chleachdaidhean, mar a ch&amp;#xEC; sinn, mar eisimpleir, ann an Geelong, &amp;#xC0;str&amp;#xE0;ilia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;cdb6d75c-4700-4b4d-90b4-10dfc47f625c&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id507306.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig065.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id507306.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 45 Dealbh as an &lt;i&gt;I&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;llustrated&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;London&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; News&lt;/i&gt; an 1857. Bha e an cois iomradh air na Geamachan G&amp;#xE0;idhealach an Geelong , Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia, air an cur air d&amp;#xF2;igh le Comunn na Feinne. Bha taisbeanaidhean agus farpaisean dannsa aig cridhe nan Geamachan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id507306&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id507306&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsa ceum an Canada&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ged nach lorgar dannsa ceum ach an Canada a-mh&amp;#xE0;in, tha tr&amp;#xEC; diofar she&amp;#xF2;rsaichean an sin fh&amp;#xE8;in: Stoidhle Cheap Breatainn, Stoidhle Frangach Chanada agus Stoidhle Ghlinn Mh&amp;#xF2;ir Ottawa. Tha na tr&amp;#xEC; a’ tarraing gu m&amp;#xF2;r air dualchas dhannsa na h-Alba agus na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann agus chaidh an toirt dhan d&amp;#xF9;thaich le eilthirich bho Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd na h-Alba agus na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha dannsa ceum luath, clis agus l&amp;#xF9;thmhor le taic mar as trice bhon fhidhill. Gu cunbhalach chan eil cus gluasad l&amp;#xE0;thair na l&amp;#xF9;ib agus ’s ann ag amas air gluasad coise le beagan de dh’oibreachadh l&amp;#xE0;imhe agus g&amp;#xE0;irdein a tha an dannsair. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mar as trice ’s ann air b&amp;#xF9;ird le c&amp;#xF2;mhdach cruaidh is c&amp;#xF2;mhnard a tha an dannsa a’ dol air adhart. Bidh br&amp;#xF2;gan &amp;#xE0;raid gan cleachdadh a r&amp;#xE8;ir an dannsa, le gliogairean s&amp;#xF2;nraichte ceangailte ri aghaidh agus c&amp;#xF9;l nam br&amp;#xF2;g. Cleas mar a tha a’ tachairt ann an dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach agus dannsa na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann, tha farpaisean gan cumail an dannsa ceum a bharrachd air e bhith na dhannsa s&amp;#xF2;isealta na coimhearsnachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha ochd buillean gach ceum anns a’ chumantas anns an dannsa ceum. Ged a tha e san &amp;#xE0;bhaist a bhith a’ dannsa le cas dheas air adhart agus an uairsin a’ chas che&amp;#xE0;rr, gu math tric bidh dannsairean a’ dannsa gu cruthachail air an aon chois mas gluais iad air adhart chun ath cheum. Mar as trice tachraidh seo nuair a thathas a’ dealbh ceumannan ri p&amp;#xEC;os ci&amp;#xF9;il &amp;#xE0;raid.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha t&amp;#xF2;rr she&amp;#xF2;rsaichean dannsa ann. Tha iad uile le luaths, astar agus buillean fa-leth. Am measg nan dannsa tha ruidhlichean, sigichean, dannsa colgais, dannsa-deise, dannsa p&amp;#xEC;oba, dannsaichean slaodach br&amp;#xF2;ige-fiodha, polca agus dannsa d&amp;#xF9;bailte.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media oucontent-media-mini&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-embedtemplate&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &amp;#x2018;Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach’ a-nis air a chleachdadh mu dh&amp;#xF2;igh dannsa l&amp;#xF9;thmhor aon-neach a chaidh a chruthachadh ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd na h-Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Aig Geamachan G&amp;#xE0;idhealach, tha pr&amp;#xEC;omh fharpaisean an Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach an teis-mheadhan ch&amp;#xF9;isean, a’ glacadh aire an t-saoghail agus a’ t&amp;#xE0;ladh dannsairean bho air feadh an t-saoghail. Tha an se&amp;#xF2;rsa dannsa seo gu math eadar-dhealaichte bho dhannsa aig c&amp;#xE8;ilidhean neo anns a’ choimhearsnachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xE0;inig dreach an latha an-diugh air an Dannsa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealach anns an 19mh agus 20mh linn, gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;ir ann an suidheachadh nan Geamaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach far a bheileas a’ dannsa ris a’ ph&amp;#xEC;ob-mh&amp;#xF2;ir. Na l&amp;#xF9;ib cuideachd tha structar mionaideach de bhritheamhachd agus deas-ghn&amp;#xE0;th l&amp;#xEC;bhrigidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media oucontent-media-mini&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-embedtemplate&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan ionann an Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach agus dannsa d&amp;#xF9;thchail na h-Alba, a tha na dhannsa s&amp;#xF2;isealta (’s e sin dannsa le c&amp;#xE0;raidean no buidhnean) cleas dannsa se&amp;#xF2;mraichean b&amp;#xE0;l agus dannsa structarail – far a bheil p&amp;#xE0;tran gluasaid nan dannsairean na ph&amp;#xE0;irt cudromach – coltach ri dannsa ce&amp;#xE0;rnaig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cuid de Dhannsa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealach ann ged-t&amp;#xE0; le freumhan ann an dannsaichean traidiseanta s&amp;#xF2;isealta. ’S e aon eisimpleir dhen sin an Ruidhle G&amp;#xE0;idhealach, ris an canar cuideachd Ruidhle Cheathrar, far a bheil buidhnean de cheathrar a’ dol bho cheumannan mu choinneimh a ch&amp;#xE8;ile gu dealbh de dh’ochd a shn&amp;#xEC;omh nan gluasad. Tha a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid de na Dannsaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach do dh’aon neach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir a bhith mothachail cuideachd gu bheil Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach air a mheas mar sp&amp;#xF2;rs leis a’ bhuidhinn oifigeil SportScotland. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsa le claidheamhan agus f&amp;#xE8;ilidhean&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e coltach gu bheil seann laoich is gaisgich air feadh na Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa air a bhith a’ dannsa le claidheamhan fad linntean. Bha dannsaichean samhlachail agus an riochd sabaid agus suidheachaidhean bl&amp;#xE0;ir rim faotainn ann an traidisean agus beul-aithris na h-Alba. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xE0;inig poileasaidh m&amp;#xF9;thchail Riaghaltas Bhreatainn an aghaidh cultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd gu &amp;#xE0;ird na teasaich ann an 1747 le Achd an Toirmisg, a’ casg fhireannach nach robh anns an arm bho bhith air an &amp;#xE8;ideadh le f&amp;#xE8;ileadh. Chaidh an Achd a chur an d&amp;#xE0;rna taobh ann an 1782 agus tr&amp;#xE0;th anns an 19mh linn chaidh tionndadh caran romansach a chur air cultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd le cuid.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:475px;&quot; id=&quot;v8ca972a8-767d-43ec-918e-3151022243df&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig119.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 46 A’ foillseachadh pr&amp;#xEC;omh eileamaidean &amp;#x2018;cultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd’ ann an 1881, bha danns a’ faighinn pr&amp;#xEC;omhachas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fhuair an tionndadh romansach taic r&amp;#xEC;oghail nuair a nochd an R&amp;#xEC;gh Se&amp;#xF2;ras IV air beulaibh an t-sluaigh le f&amp;#xE8;ileadh ann 1822; bho sin a-mach bha taic dhan fh&amp;#xE8;ileadh cinnteach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nochd a’ Bhanrigh Bhictoria &amp;#xF9;idh ann an cuid de ghnothaichean cultarail na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd leithid p&amp;#xEC;obaireachd agus dannsa, agus ’s ann aig an &amp;#xE0;m seo a thogadh &amp;#xF9;idh ann an dannsa aig na Geamaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach aig cridhe nan Geamaichean bho th&amp;#xF9;s an &amp;#xF9;rachaidh, ach tric ’s ann airson britheamhan a riarachadh a bha na dannsaichean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh t&amp;#xF2;rr dhannsaichean eile a bha gu math nas sine a chall aig an &amp;#xE0;m seo seach nach robh feum orra ann an saoghal nam farpaisean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha B&amp;#xF2;rd Oifigeil Albannach an Dannsa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealaich (SOBHD), air a mheas mar bhuidheann-riaghlaidh an t-saoghail le t&amp;#xF2;rr de na cruinneachaidhean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach air feadh an t-saoghail agus cha mh&amp;#xF2;r a h-uile gin anns na St&amp;#xE0;itean Aonaichte. Tha Pr&amp;#xEC;omh Fharpais an t-Saoghail airson Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach air a chumail aig Geamaichean C&amp;#xF2;mhdhail bho 1934.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsa nan Claidheimh&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e air aithris gun deach dannsa nan claidheimh a dhealbh le G&amp;#xE0;idheil &amp;#x2018;mar dheisealachadh deatamach airson gi&amp;#xF9;lain a’ chlaidheimh mh&amp;#xF2;ir&amp;#x2026;air a chleachdadh ann an cuid de dhannsaichean airson an s&amp;#xF9;bailteachd a shealltainn.’ (Logan, Seumas. The Scottish Gael td. 440)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha seo a’ gabhail a-staigh dannsa os cionn d&amp;#xE0; chlaidheimh r&amp;#xF9;isgte air an c&amp;#xE0;radh tarsainn air a ch&amp;#xE8;ile, le dannsair a’ gluasad gu h-ealanta timcheall orra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A’ c&amp;#xE0;radh chasan gu mionaideach eadar gach claidheamh, mar ann an &amp;#x2018;Gille Chaluim’, tha ceangal eadar na dannsaichean seo agus deisealachadh airson batal no mar dh&amp;#xF2;igh air buaidh bl&amp;#xE0;ir a chomharrachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e air innse gum biodh cinn-feadhna ag iarraidh air s&amp;#xE0;r-dhannsairean nochdadh ron bhl&amp;#xE0;r airson Dannsa nan Claidheamh. Nan seachnadh na dannsairean na claidheamhan, bhiodh sin air fhaicinn mar fh&amp;#xE0;isneachd gur ann leotha a bhiodh am bl&amp;#xE0;r.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha ciall nas pragtaigeach airson an dannsa ri lorg ann an tr&amp;#xE8;anadh agus oideachadh seann stoidhlichean sabaid le claidheimh, nuair a bhiodh oileanaich a’ leasachadh an obair-coise le bhith a’ leantainn ph&amp;#xE0;train chrois-tarsainn, ce&amp;#xE0;rnagan agus triantain air an comharrachadh air an l&amp;#xE0;r.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media oucontent-media-mini&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-embedtemplate&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Am Fling G&amp;#xE0;idhealach&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S d&amp;#xF2;cha nach eil dannsa cho ainmeil ann ris a &amp;#x2018;Highland Fling’ a bha, a r&amp;#xE8;ir aithris, air a chleachdadh mar chomharradh buaidh aig deireadh bl&amp;#xE0;ir. Tha smuain eile (nach eil cho romansach) ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gu robhas ga dh&amp;#xE8;anamh ron bhl&amp;#xE0;r (cleas Danns nan Claidheamh), air mullach sgiath an t-saighdeir. Bhiodh stob ann an teis-mheadhain na sg&amp;#xE8;ith, agus bhiodh aig an dannsair ri chasan a chath gu c&amp;#xF9;ramach timcheall air, a’ leum agus a’ dannsa mas fh&amp;#xEC;or a’ feuchainn ri droch-spioradan a chumail air falbh. Chan fhaodadh an dannsair gluasad bhon aon &amp;#xE0;ite.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media oucontent-media-mini&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-embedtemplate&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Ruidhle Thulaichean&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e ri r&amp;#xE0;dh (ged ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha nach e an fh&amp;#xEC;rinn a th’ ann) gun do th&amp;#xF2;isich Ruidhle Thulaichean (ann am Beurla &amp;#x2018;The Reel of Tulloch’) nuair a bha coitheanal bainnse a’ feitheamh taobh a-muigh eaglaise air latha fuar. A r&amp;#xE8;ir na sge&amp;#xF2;il th&amp;#xF2;isichear a’ feadalaich fonn G&amp;#xE0;idhealach fhad ’s a bha cuideigin eile a’ dealbh dannsa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha aithris eile nach eil cho c&amp;#xE0;ilear ag innse gun deach an dannsa a dhealbh le luchd-obrach a lorg claigeann anns an talamh aig caisteal agus a chluich se&amp;#xF2;rsa de bhall-coise leis. Car coltach ri sin tha sgeulachd eile a tha ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gu robh muinntir Thulaich dualach a bhith cluich ball-coise le ceann n&amp;#xE0;mhaid an d&amp;#xE8;idh bl&amp;#xE0;r.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha eachdraidh an &amp;#xF2;rain air a mh&amp;#xEC;neachadh ann an aiste &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;The reel of Tulloch in fact and fiction&lt;/i&gt;’ mun bheul-aithris a tha ceangailte ris, agus an gnothach ris an canar C&amp;#xF9;is-mhulaid Thulaich, ri fhaighinn ann am p&amp;#xE0;ipearan Comunn G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Inbhir Nis (Leabhar LIX, duilleagan 118-128).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an t-&amp;#xF2;ran ri lorg ann an co-chruinneachadh Mhic na Ce&amp;#xE0;rdaich, &amp;#x2018;An t-&amp;#xD2;ranaiche’ (1879). &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Their britheamhan na t&amp;#xEC;re&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;The judges of this land&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Ma labhras iad an fh&amp;#xEC;rinn&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;Will say if you believe them;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#x2018;De na thig de che&amp;#xF2;l &amp;#xE0; fidhlean&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;&amp;#x2018;When music comes from any fiddle&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#x2018;S e r&amp;#xEC;gh dhiubh &amp;#x2018;Na Tulaichean.’&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-GB&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-GB&quot;&gt;The Reel of Tulloch’s the King’.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Seann Triubhas&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha ceangal romansach eadar Seann Triubhas (no Seann Bhriogais) agus an casg a chaidh a chur air an &amp;#xC8;ideadh Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealach an d&amp;#xE8;idh ar-a-mach 1745. Tha m&amp;#xF2;ran chrathadh casan ann, mar shamhla air a bhith a’ cath na briogaise ghr&amp;#xE0;ineil. Tha na ceumannan mu dheireadh, nas luaithe buileach, a’ nochdadh g&amp;#xE0;irdeachas ri tilleadh na f&amp;#xE8;ilidh. Ach chan eil ceumannan an dannsa cho sean ri sin, leis a’ chuid as m&amp;#xF2;tha air an dealbh anns an 19mh linn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-media oucontent-media-mini&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-embedtemplate&quot;&gt;Interactive content appears here. Please visit the website to use it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cleas iomadach traidisean dannsa eile, tha an rud ris an canar an-diugh &amp;#x2018;Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach’ st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air caochladh she&amp;#xF2;rsaichean dannsa eile a bha a’ s&amp;#xEC;or atharrachadh a r&amp;#xE8;ir cleachdaidhean na h-ama agus beachdan air gnothaichean roimhe sin. Ged a bhiodh cuid de na h-eileamaidean ceudan bhliadhnaichean de dh’aois, tha cuid eile a tha m&amp;#xF2;ran nas &amp;#xF9;ire. Buinidh a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r chuid de dhannsaichean an latha an-diugh dhan 19mh linn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;e3e2031c-a462-4dbf-932d-3e6c73bba8fe&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig082.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 47 Tha Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach air a bhith a’ s&amp;#xEC;or atharrachadh thairis air &amp;#xF9;ine&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsa d&amp;#xF9;thchail&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha dannsaichean d&amp;#xF9;thchail na h-Alba air an roinn eadar ruidhlichean (nam measg dannsaichean p&amp;#xEC;oba), sigichean agus dannsa-deise a r&amp;#xE8;ir a’ chi&amp;#xF9;il. Tha a’ chiad dh&amp;#xE0; dhiubh sin (ris an canar cuideachd dannsaichean luath) air an comharrachadh le astar, gluasadan aithghearr agus be&amp;#xF2;thalachd. Tha an treas se&amp;#xF2;rsa (dannsa-deise) gu math nas slaodaiche agus nas fhoirmeil, st&amp;#xE0;iteil. Gheibhear cuideachd sigichean aig 9/8, minuets agus ualtsaichean ged nach eil an sin ach p&amp;#xE0;irt bheag de na th’ ann gu h-iomlan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsairean agus Seataichean&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha dannsa d&amp;#xF9;thchail na h-Alba ga dh&amp;#xE8;anamh ann an cumadh ris an canar &amp;#x2018;seataichean’. Mar as trice tha tr&amp;#xEC; no ceithir de ch&amp;#xE0;raidean anns na seataichean, ach ann an cuid de dhannsaichean tha feum air seataichean nas motha le c&amp;#xF2;ig, sia no barrachd ch&amp;#xE0;raidean. Bidh fireannach agus boireannach anns gach c&amp;#xE0;raid mar as trice, ach bidh boireannaich a’ dannsa le boireannaich agus fir le fir a-r&amp;#xE8;ir mar a bhios anns a’ chuideachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e gnothach gu math c&amp;#xE0;irdeil agus in-ghabhalach a th’ ann an dannsa d&amp;#xF9;thchail na h-Alba. Tha e na thoileachas do mh&amp;#xF2;ran, de gach aois. Bidh buidhnean dannsa Albannach a’ taisbeanadh an comasan, a’ sealltainn gach taobh dhen dannsa aig f&amp;#xEC;or &amp;#xE0;rd-&amp;#xEC;re.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsa D&amp;#xF9;thchail an latha an-diugh/Comunn Dannsa D&amp;#xF9;thchail Alba (SCDS)&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tr&amp;#xE0;th anns an 20mh linn, bha Dannsa D&amp;#xF9;thchail na h-Alba gu math cudromach ann an seadh s&amp;#xF2;isealta gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte ann an sg&amp;#xEC;rean d&amp;#xF9;thchail, ged a bha an &amp;#xE0;ireamh de dhannsaichean ris an robhar eadar-dhealaichte. Bha dannsa d&amp;#xF9;thchail an cunnart a dhol &amp;#xE0; bith nuair a st&amp;#xE8;idhichear Comunn Dannsa D&amp;#xF9;thchail na h-Alba (SCDS) leis an amas a bhith a’ gleidheadh &amp;#x2018;dannsaichean d&amp;#xF9;thchail mar a thathas gan dannsa an Alba.’ Chan eil &amp;#xF9;ine mh&amp;#xF2;r sam bith bhon chaidh seo atharrachadh gu &amp;#x2018;dannsaichean d&amp;#xF9;thchail na h-Alba’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xF2;isich an SCDS a’ cruinneachadh agus a’ foillseachadh na bh’ air fh&amp;#xE0;gail de na dannsaichean agus gan ath-chruthachadh no ag &amp;#xF9;rachadh dannsaichean nach robhas a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh. Mar ph&amp;#xE0;irt dhen obair, chaidh na dannsaichean agus mar a bhathar gan d&amp;#xE8;anamh anns na diofar sg&amp;#xEC;rean &amp;#xE0;s an deach an cruinneachadh, a shocrachadh gu cunbhalach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh inbhe R&amp;#xEC;oghail a bhuileachadh air a’ Chomunn ann an 1947 agus chaidh ainmeachadh mar &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.rscds.org/&quot;&gt;RSCDS&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:0&quot;&gt;&amp;#xA0;&lt;/span&gt; (a’ cur &amp;#x2018;R&amp;#xEC;oghail’ ris an ainm SCDS).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cha tug e fada sam bith an d&amp;#xE8;idh st&amp;#xE8;idh an SCDS gus an do th&amp;#xF2;isichear a’ cruthachadh dhannsaichean &amp;#xF9;ra coltach ris an fheadhainn roimhe sin, agus cuideachd ag &amp;#xF9;rachadh ch&amp;#xF9;isean tro dhannsaichean le innleachdan &amp;#xF9;ra.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An-diugh tha barrachd air 11,000 dannsa cl&amp;#xE0;raichte, ach tha nas lugha na 1,000 dhiubh &amp;#x2018;traidiseanta’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsa Innse Gall&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e ainm an &amp;#xEC;re mhath &amp;#xF9;r a th’ ann an &amp;#x2018;Dannsa Innse Gall’ agus tha e coltach gun deach a chleachdadh an toiseach aig F&amp;#xE8;ill Comann Dannsa agus &amp;#xD2;ran D&amp;#xF9;thchail Shasainn aig Talla R&amp;#xEC;oghail Albert, Lunnainn ann an 1934, nuair dh’iarradh air Fearchar MacN&amp;#xE8;ill &amp;#xE0; Barraigh dannsaichean bho Uibhist a Deas agus Barraigh a shealltainn. Tha d&amp;#xF9;il gun deach ainm Innse Gall a cheangal riutha airson an comharrachadh bho na dannsaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach eile air an robhas e&amp;#xF2;lach, agus cuideachd son an ceangal ris na h-Eileanan an Iar.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S iad na dannsaichean aon-neach a tha nis fon ainm &amp;#x2018;dannsaichean Innse Gall’, le barrachd air aon riochd de gach fear, Tulloch Gorm, Highland Laddie, Over the Water to Charlie, (Scotch) Blue Bonnets, Flowers of Edinburgh, First of August, Scotch Measure agus Aberdonian Lassie.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil ach criomagan de na dannsaichean Jacky Jar, The Lads wi’ the Kilt, Over the Water and Over the Hill, Carraig Fhearghais, Over the Hills and Far Away agus Petronella rim faighinn an-diugh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil fhios le cinnt sam bith c&amp;#xF2; &amp;#xE0;s a dh’&amp;#xE8;irich na dannsaichean sin ach tha fhios againn gu robh an t-s&amp;#xE0;r mhaighstir dannsa E&amp;#xF2;ghann MacLachlainn, (c. 1799-1879) gan teagasg mar bu trice do dhaoine ann am Beinn na Fadhla, Uibhist a Deas, &amp;#xC8;irisgeigh agus Barraigh, anns na meadhan 1800an.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na dannsaichean, mar as aithne dhuinn an-diugh iad, gan l&amp;#xEC;bhrigeadh gu s&amp;#xE8;imheil agus ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh nas saor-thoilich na Dannsa G&amp;#xE0;idhealach, agus gu math tric cluinnear barrachd faram coise.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns na meadhan 1980an ghluais muinntir Bharraigh agus Uibhist a Deas a chaomhnadh dhannsaichean eagal ’s gun rachadh iad &amp;#xE0; bith. Bha cuid de dhaoine fhathast be&amp;#xF2; aig an robh e&amp;#xF2;las air na dannsaichean bhon &amp;#xF2;ige, an d&amp;#xE8;idh an ionnsachadh bho E&amp;#xF2;ghann MacLachlainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh na dannsaichean a thoirt air adhart an d&amp;#xE8;idh sin aig F&amp;#xE8;is Bharraigh agus fhuair &amp;#xF2;igridh ann an Uibhist a Deas agus Barraigh an cothrom an ionnsachadh bho dhaoine aig an robh iad bhon dualchas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Dannsa &amp;#xF9;r nodha&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.creativescotland.com/&quot;&gt;Alba Chruthachail&lt;/a&gt; a’ cuideachadh dannsa le taic a thoirt do bhuidhnean, togalaichean agus luchd-oideachaidh agus a’ feuchainn ri &amp;#xE0;ireamhan luchd-comp&amp;#xE0;irt fh&amp;#xE0;s. ’S e &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.scottishdancetheatre.com&quot;&gt;Theatre Dannsa na h-Alba&lt;/a&gt; companaidh dannsa na d&amp;#xF9;thcha agus tha e air a mhaoineachadh le Alba Chruthachail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.3</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>6.4.1 B&amp;#xE0;rdachd</title>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha dualchas farsaing agus beairteach aig a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a tha a’ dol air ais iomadh linn ach ’s ann san leth-cheud bliadhna mu dheireadh gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh a tha litreachas na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air tighinn gu bhith air fhaicinn na ph&amp;#xE0;irt chudromach de litreachas na h-Alba san fharsaingeachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha b&amp;#xE0;rdachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig na 17amh linn nas cudromaiche airson an t-solais a tha i a’ cur air saoghal nan cinnidhean san t-seann Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd na airson na b&amp;#xE0;rdachd fh&amp;#xE8;in. ’S e d&amp;#xE0;in molaidh do na cinn-feadhna a tha sa chuid mh&amp;#xF2;r dhi, b&amp;#xE0;rdachd &amp;#x2018;phoilitigeach’ ann an seadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns an 18amh linn th&amp;#xF2;isich a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd a’ fosgladh a-mach dhan t-saoghal mh&amp;#xF2;r mar thoradh air mar a bha foghlam a’ leudachadh agus siubhal a’ f&amp;#xE0;s nas fhasa (gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh Ch&amp;#xF9;il Lodair). Th&amp;#xF2;isich d&amp;#xF2;igh-beatha &amp;#xF9;r a’ tighinn gu bith a tha nas fhaisge air saoghal an latha an-diugh agus tha an t-&amp;#xF9;rachadh seo ri fhaicinn cuideachd sa bh&amp;#xE0;rdachd, sa bheil stoidhlichean &amp;#xF9;ra agus raon fharsaing de chuspairean a’ nochdadh, leithid b&amp;#xE0;rdachd n&amp;#xE0;dair &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/donnchadh_ban/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Dhonnchaidh Bh&amp;#xE0;in&lt;/a&gt;, &amp;#xF2;rain gaoil &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/uilleam_ros/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Uilleim Rois&lt;/a&gt; agus aoirean a’ bh&amp;#xE0;ird Chataich, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/rob_donn/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Rob Donn&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rannan &amp;#xE0;s an eadar-theangachadh Bheurla aig Iain Mac a’ Ghobhainn air &amp;#x2018;Moladh Beinn D&amp;#xF2;bhrainn’ le Donnchadh B&amp;#xE0;n Mac an t-Saoir. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Greadhainn bu gheal c&amp;#xE8;ir,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Faghaid air an d&amp;#xE8;idh –&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S laghach leam an sreud&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A bha sr&amp;#xF2;ineiseach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2026;..&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S aigeannach fear eutrom&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gun mh&amp;#xF2;rchuis&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xE8;id fasanta na &amp;#xE8;ideadh&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Neo-sp&amp;#xF2;rsail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha mhantal uime fh&amp;#xE8;in,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Caithtiche nach tr&amp;#xE8;ig –&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bratach dhearg mar ch&amp;#xE8;ir&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bhiodh mar ch&amp;#xF2;mhdach air.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;This image of the deer as the nobility of the glens is from Iain Crichton Smith’s free translation of Donnchadh B&amp;#xE0;n’s tour-de-force, &amp;#x2018;Praise of Ben D&amp;#xF2;rain’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Herds with white rumps race -&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;hunters in the chase.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;O I love the grace&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;of these noble ones.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2026;..&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Spirited and delicate&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;and shy,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;in fashionable coat&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;he goes by&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;in mantle well arrayed,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;suit that will not fade,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;dress of waxen-red&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;that he's wearing now.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh gnothaichean caran s&amp;#xE0;mhach san &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/centuries/19mh/&quot;&gt;19amh linn&lt;/a&gt; – linn a chunnaic m&amp;#xF2;ran bochdainn agus str&amp;#xEC; air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd – ged a ch&amp;#xF9;m d&amp;#xF2;ighean-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh b&amp;#xE0;ird mh&amp;#xF2;ra na 18amh linn a’ dol, tron linn seo agus suas gu ar latha-ne, ann am b&amp;#xE0;rdachd nam &amp;#x2018;b&amp;#xE0;rd-baile’ mar a theirear riutha (ged a bha sealladh nas fharsainge na sin aig cuid aca air an t-saoghal).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xE0;inig ceum m&amp;#xF2;r ann an litreachas na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an 1943 nuair a chaidh leabhar tana de bh&amp;#xE0;rdachd fhoillseachadh a thug litreachas na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, ann an aon chruinn-leum, chun an aon &amp;#xEC;re ri litreachas Bheurla an ama. Chaidh aig Somhairle MacGill-Eain, &amp;#xF9;ghdar &lt;i&gt;D&amp;#xE0;in do Eimhir&lt;/i&gt;, air a’ chuid a b’ fhe&amp;#xE0;rr de dhualchas na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chur an l&amp;#xF9;ib na bha e air ionnsachadh &amp;#xE0; litreachas an t-saoghail agus air se&amp;#xF2;rsa b&amp;#xE0;rdachd tur &amp;#xF9;r a chruthachadh sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Agus rinn e seo le s&amp;#xF9;rd agus sunnd a thug buaidh air ginealaich de bh&amp;#xE0;ird &amp;#xE0;s a dh&amp;#xE8;idh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:350px;&quot; id=&quot;v9e648721-ab16-4271-8d4c-b5171987686a&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;sorley_maclean.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 48 Somhairle MacGill-eain&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha d&amp;#xE0; she&amp;#xF2;rsa dleastanais a’ str&amp;#xEC; ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile ann am mac-meanmna MhicGill-Eain mar bh&amp;#xE0;rd, dleastanas pearsanta gaoil is teaghlaich agus, air an l&amp;#xE0;imh eile, an dleastanas poblach a bha air a riochdachadh dha le Cogadh S&amp;#xEC;obhalta na Sp&amp;#xE0;inne. Tha an imcheist seo air fhighe gu sgileil an l&amp;#xF9;ib chuspairean eile ann an &lt;i&gt;D&amp;#xE0;in do Eimhir&lt;/i&gt; gus sreath de dh&amp;#xE0;in a chruthachadh anns a bheil an d&amp;#xE0; chuid ealain agus faireachdainn aig s&amp;#xE0;r &amp;#xEC;re. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Airson an tuilleadh fiosrachaidh mu Shomhairle MacGill-eain agus a bh&amp;#xE0;rdachd cliog an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/somhairle_macgilleain/am_bard/&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am measg nam b&amp;#xE0;rd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig eile a tha air cli&amp;#xF9; a chosnadh san leth mu dheireadh den 20amh linn agus san linn seo fh&amp;#xE8;in tha: Ruaraidh MacTh&amp;#xF2;mais, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/iain_crichton/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Iain Mac a’ Ghobhainn&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/aonghas_macneacail/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Aonghas Macneacail&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/catriona_nicgumaraid/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Catriona NicGumaraid&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/meg_bateman/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Meg Bateman&lt;/a&gt; agus &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/maoilios_caimbeul/am_bard/&quot;&gt;Maoilios Caimbeul&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Ruaraidh MacTh&amp;#xF2;mais air a bhith a’ sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh b&amp;#xE0;rdachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig fad c&amp;#xF2;rr is tr&amp;#xEC; fichead bliadhna, ag atharrachadh dh&amp;#xF2;ighean-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh agus chuspairean fad na h-&amp;#xF9;ine ach a’ gleidheadh nan sgilean a tha air ainm a chosnadh dha mar sh&amp;#xE0;r bh&amp;#xE0;rd, ’s e sin:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;eanchainn th&amp;#xF9;rail, doimhneachd faireachdainn agus comas na dh&amp;#xE0; fhilleadh na ch&amp;#xE8;ile&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;saor-rannaigheachd a tha cho ce&amp;#xF2;lmhor ris na seann &amp;#xF2;rain Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;c&amp;#xE0;nan l&amp;#xE0;idir, ghlan &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;geurad agus eirmseachd ann an cainnt agus smuain.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chithear an eirmseachd sin san d&amp;#xE0;n a leanas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alba v. Argentina, 2/6/79&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;m&amp;#xEC;os &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh Taghadh na P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid, 3/5/79&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Glaschu a’ cur thairis&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;le gr&amp;#xE0;dh d&amp;#xF9;thcha,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;le&amp;#xF2;mhainn bheucach&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;air Sr&amp;#xE0;id an D&amp;#xF2;chais,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;an Central&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;m&amp;#xF9;chte le breacan,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;cop air Tartan bho mhoch gu dubh,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;is m&amp;#xF9;n nam fineachan air a’ bhl&amp;#xE0;r;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;iolach-catha a’ b&amp;#xE0;thadh b&amp;#xF9;rail nam busaichean – &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sco-o-t-land, Sco-o-t-land –&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alba chadalach,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;m&amp;#xEC;os ro fhadalach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;Scotland v. Argentina, 2/6/79&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;a month after the General Election, 3/5/79&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Glasgow erupting&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;with patriotism,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;growling lions&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;on Hope Street,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;the Central&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;choked with Tartan,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;foaming from dawn to dusk,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;and clansmen’s piss on the battlefield;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;the battle-cry drowning the buses’ drone –&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Sco-o-t-land, Sco-o-t-land –&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;sleepy Scotland, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;a month late.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Airson an tuilleadh fiosrachaidh mu Ruaraidh MacTh&amp;#xF2;mais agus a bh&amp;#xE0;rdachd cliog an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/foghlam/larachnambard/poets/ruaraidh_macthomais/am_bard/&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha eisimpleir de obair a’ ghinealaich a th&amp;#xE0;inig &amp;#xE0;s d&amp;#xE8;idh MhicTh&amp;#xF2;mais ri fhaicinn anns an d&amp;#xE0;n &amp;#x2018;Marilyn Monroe’ aig Aonghas MacNeacail a gheibhear ann an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-crossref&quot; href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_4_4_2.html&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt; (&amp;#x2018;Carson G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?’). &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.4.1</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>6.4.2 Rosg agus Dr&amp;#xE0;ma</title>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Nochd an sgeulachd-ghoirid, an nobhail agus an dealbh-chluich sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson a’ chiad uair tr&amp;#xE0;th san 20amh linn ach cha t&amp;#xE0;inig na d&amp;#xF2;ighean-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh sin gu &amp;#xEC;re chun nan 1960/70an. Tha iad air a dhol o neart gu neart on uair sin, ge-t&amp;#xE0;, agus chanadh cuid a-nise gur e an sgeulachd-ghoirid a’ phr&amp;#xEC;omh mhodh-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e Iain Mac a’ Ghobhainn agus Iain Moireach an d&amp;#xE0; sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaiche sgeulachadan-goirid as ainmeile, agus as motha a sgr&amp;#xEC;obh, sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha sgeulachdan Mhic a’ Ghobhainn a’ gabhail a-steach raon fharsaing de chuspairean agus shuidhichidhean agus tha iad a’ sealltainn an &amp;#xF9;idh a tha aige ann am breithneachadh air ceistean domhain agus, cuideachd, cho sgileil is a tha e, mar fhear a tha nas ainmeile mar bh&amp;#xE0;rd, air l&amp;#xE0;imhseachadh &amp;#xEC;omhaighean agus c&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Iain Moireach anns na sgeulachdan aigesan a’ cur raon fharsaing de charactaran, shuidhichidhean agus phlotaichean inntinneach far comhair a bheir oirnn smaoineachadh agus tha e a’ gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh sgileil air cleachdadh dh&amp;#xF2;ighean-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh eadar-dhealaichte agus air Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig shi&amp;#xF9;bhlach, eirmseach a chur gu feum.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e Fionnlagh MacLe&amp;#xF2;id agus P&amp;#xF2;l MacAonghais d&amp;#xE0; sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaiche dhealbh-chluichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. ’S e MacAonghais as traidiseanta den dithis. Tha MacLe&amp;#xF2;id nas ainmeile airson dealbh-chluichean goirid, samhlachail, leithid &amp;#x2018;Ceann Cropic’ a chaidh a shealltainn air telebhisean an 1976, ach tha e cuideachd air dealbh-chluichean nas traidiseanta a sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh mar an t-sreath chloinne &amp;#x2018;Na Balaich air R&amp;#xF2;naidh’ a chaidh a chraobh-sgaoileadh air r&amp;#xE8;idio ann an 1968.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaichean dr&amp;#xE0;ma air a bhith air am bacadh sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig o chionn bhliadhnaichean le d&amp;#xEC;th cothrom an cuid obrach a shealltainn air st&amp;#xE8;ids no tro na meadhanan agus tha e f&amp;#xEC;or mun sgeulachd-ghoirid cuideachd gu bheil sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaichean air a bhith air an cumail air ais bho sguir an t-iris &amp;#x2018;Gairm’ ann an 2002.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S ann san fhichead bliadhna mu dheireadh a th&amp;#xE0;inig an nobhail gu &amp;#xEC;re sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig, gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;r mar thoradh air an iomairt &amp;#x2018;&amp;#xD9;r-sgeul’ a chuireadh air chois le &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaelicbooks.org&quot;&gt;Comhairle nan Leabhraichean&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:510px;&quot; id=&quot;v3dafaacf-8c57-4331-8d48-26e4339d867a&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig058.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e &lt;i&gt;An Oidhche mus do She&amp;#xF2;l i&lt;/i&gt; le Aonghas Ph&amp;#xE0;draig Caimbeul fear de na leabhraichean a thug &amp;#xD9;r-sgeul am follais. ’S e eachdraidh-teaghlaich a tha an seo a tha a’ leantainn seat de charactaran inntinneach tro shuidhichidhean mar na h-Eileanan, Glaschu agus an Sp&amp;#xE0;inn ri linn a’ Chogaidh Sh&amp;#xEC;obhalta. Tha sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh l&amp;#xE0;idir san leabhar, beachdan inntinneach agus dealbh mhionaideach air suidhichidhean eachdraidheil: ann am meudachd, tha e a’ toirt gu aire an &amp;#x2018;Great American Novel’ - le neart agus laigsean a’ mhodh-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Catriona Lexy Chaimbeul nas &amp;#xF2;ige, le d&amp;#xF2;igh-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh nas aotruime ach tha ise cuideachd ar leth sgileil air cruthachadh charactaran agus phlotaichean agus tha d&amp;#xF9;il ri t&amp;#xF2;rr bhuaipe fhathast. Am measg nan sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaichean eile a nochd ann am pr&amp;#xF2;gram &amp;#xD9;r-sgeul tha: M&amp;#xE0;rtainn Mac an t-Saoir, Tormod Caimbeul agus Tormod MacIlleathain.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.4.2</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>6.4.3 Sgeulachdan agus &amp;#xF2;rain</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.4.3</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;’S e na seann &amp;#xF2;rain a tha air tighinn a-nuas thugainn sa bheul-aithris aon de na roinnean as pr&amp;#xEC;seile de dhualchas na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha fhios againn cuin a rinneadh feadhainn dhiubh oir tha tachartasan eachdraidheil air an ainmeachadh annta: mar eisimpleir, ’s e marbhrann boireannaich dha c&amp;#xE8;ile a tha anns an &amp;#xF2;ran &amp;#x2018;Griogal Cridhe’, a rinneadh nuair a bha Clann Ghriogair fo gheur-leanmhainn aig deireadh na 16amh linn. Gheibhear e air a sheinn le diofar dhaoine agus bhuidhnean air l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n a’ BhBC, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/oran/orain/griogal_cridhe&quot;&gt;Bliadhna nan &amp;#xD2;ran&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;O chionn beagan bhliadhnaichean tha seinneadairean agus c&amp;#xF2;mhlain mar Runrig air a bhith a’ sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh &amp;#xF2;rain ann an n&amp;#xF2;san &amp;#xF9;ra. Tha grunn de na h-&amp;#xF2;rain aig Runrig a chaidh a chl&amp;#xE0;radh le buidhnean eile, leithid &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/oran/orain/cearcall_a_chuain&quot;&gt;Ce&amp;#xF2;lraidh Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig Ghlaschu&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha dualchas beairteach de sgeulachdan sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig cuideachd: ’s e Popular Tales of the West Highlands aig Iain &amp;#xD2;g &amp;#xCC;le an cruinneachadh as ainmeile dhiubh. Chaidh feuchainn anns na bliadhnaichean mu dheireadh ri aithris sgeulachdan a thoirt air ais mar chleachdadh. Chan eil an iomairt seo air a bhith uile-gu-l&amp;#xE8;ir soirbheachail ach tha na sgeulachdan fh&amp;#xE8;in fhathast ann mar dhearbhadh, c&amp;#xF2;mhla ri na h-&amp;#xF2;rain, air neart an dualchais sa Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.4.3</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>6.5 Spors agus Cur-seachadan</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.5</link>

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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;Tha st&amp;#xF2;ras pr&amp;#xEC;seil de gheamaichean agus chur-seachadan ann an Alba, agus anns na sg&amp;#xEC;rean G&amp;#xE0;idhealach cuideachd. Bha na geamaichean agus na cur-seachadan sin air leth cudromach ann am beatha dhaoine &amp;#xF2;ga, an d&amp;#xE0; chuid ann am bailtean agus a-muigh air an d&amp;#xF9;thaich.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agus bha sp&amp;#xF2;rs agus cur-seachadan air leth cudromach do dh’&amp;#xF2;igridh mus t&amp;#xE0;inig rian is &amp;#xF2;rdugh air geamaichean aig deireadh an 19mh linn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu math tric bha ceangal eadar sp&amp;#xF2;rs is cur-seachadan agus amannan &amp;#xE0;raid dhen bhliadhna leithid na Bliadhn’ &amp;#xD9;ire, Nollaig no l&amp;#xE0;ithean f&amp;#xE8;ille eile. Bhiodh geamaichean turchairt nam measg, agus geamaichean le sgilean &amp;#xE0;raid, farpaisean agus geamaichean buinig no call.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Air uair nochdadh taibhsean no bana-bhuidsichean; bhiodh f&amp;#xE0;isneachd air suirghe is p&amp;#xF2;sadh ann, cur gheall, str&amp;#xEC; neairt is sgilean, cluichean bhall agus dannsa.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bhiodh seinn tric na ph&amp;#xE0;irt de na geamaichean le co-sheinn is bualadh bhasan, agus tha a h-uile coltas ann gu robh seo na bhunait airson gu le&amp;#xF2;r de na h-&amp;#xF2;rain is fuinn traidiseanta a th’ againn a-nis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh grunn chruinneachaidhean agus leabhraichean fhoillseachadh le cunntas air an raon farsaing de gheamaichean agus chur-seachadan a bh’ ann. Tha buidhnean leithid Comann a’ Bheul-Aithris agus Sgoil E&amp;#xF2;lais na h-Alba aig Oilthigh Dh&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann air obair chudromach a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh a’ gl&amp;#xE8;idheil agus a’ tasgadh an st&amp;#xF2;rais phr&amp;#xEC;seil seo, le diofar riochdan gheamaichean agus chleachdaidhean bho air feadh na d&amp;#xF9;thcha.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha m&amp;#xF2;ran fiosrachaidh ri fhaotainn cuideachd mu gheamaichean agus chur-seachadan anns an 19mh linn ann an Cunntasan &amp;#xC0;ireamhachd na h-Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cunntasan air seann gheamaichean cuideachd ri fhaighinn aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.tobarandualchais.co.uk/&quot;&gt;Tobar an Dualchais&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-box oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Bogsa 6 Taghadh de chur-seachadan agus geamaichean&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Cluich an taighe&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Air a chluich le tr&amp;#xEC; cearcaill 60 slat bho ch&amp;#xE8;ile; daoine a’ cruinneachadh an aon dhiubh; aon neach eile air an taobh a-muigh le ball. Tha an neach sin a’ feuchainn ris an fheadhainn eile a bhualadh leis a’ bhall nuair a tha iad a’ gluasad bho chearcall gu cearcall, gan comharrachadh mar &amp;#x2018;phr&amp;#xEC;osanach’. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Stracair&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;G&amp;#xE8;am le buidhnean a’ feuchainn ri ball (ball-speil) a bhualadh le slacan agus a chur ann an toll anns an talamh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Iomairt air a’ bhall&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha seo ga chluich le ball ga chath ris a’ bhalla le ainm fa-leth air gach cluicheadair; an uair a th&amp;#xE8;id ainm a ghairm, feumaidh an neach sin feuchainn ris a’ bhall a ghlacadh mus buail e an talamh; ma dh’fhaillicheas sin air a’ chluicheadair tha aca an uairsin ri teiche gun leigeil leis a’ chluicheadair leis a’ bhall a bha a’ feuchainn air a’ bhalla am bualadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Iomairt air a’ gheata&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;G&amp;#xE8;am eile le slacan no maide tiugh, dithis an aghaidh dithis. ’S e an t-amas maide beag a bhualadh agus a chur a-steach ann an &amp;#x2018;cailleach’ no toll; tha an dithis eile a’ d&amp;#xEC;on &amp;#x2018;a’ gheata’; thathas uaireannan a’ gabhail Cat agus C&amp;#xF9; no Cat agus Slacan air a’ gh&amp;#xE8;am seo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Iomairt air an Stainchear&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha seo coltach ris a’ gh&amp;#xE8;am air a bheil &amp;#x2018;rounders’ no &amp;#x2018;bases’ ann am Beurla agus ma dh’fhaoidte gu bheil an t-ainm a’ tighinn bhon Bheurla &lt;i&gt;stanchel&lt;/i&gt;, stanchion, no station, a’ ciallachadh &amp;#x2018;upright, support’. Tha an slacan air chumadh slacan criogaid agus am ball de shn&amp;#xE0;th air a thoinneamh timcheall air meadhan &amp;#xE0;rca.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Iomain&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Am measg nan sp&amp;#xF2;rs a th&amp;#xE0;inig gu &amp;#xEC;re agus air an deach rian a chur anns an 19mh linn, ’s e iomain no camanachd, a bu chudromaiche do na G&amp;#xE0;idheil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha a h-uile coltas ann gun t&amp;#xE0;inig iomain a dh’Alba an toiseach c&amp;#xF2;mhla ri Cr&amp;#xEC;osdaidheachd agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig bho chionn 2,000 bliadhna, le na miseanaraidhean &amp;#xC8;ireannach. R&amp;#xE8; &amp;#xF9;ine, thathas air a bhith a’ bualadh ball, no rudeigin coltach ris, feadh Bhreatainn gu l&amp;#xE8;ir, bho fhaicheannan r&amp;#xE8;idh nan Cr&amp;#xEC;ochan, monaidhean fuar Siorrachd York agus Blackheath ann an Lunnainn, gu saoghal &amp;#xE0;rainneachd gharbh Eilean Hiort far an do thadhail M&amp;#xE0;rtainn M&amp;#xE0;rtainn agus e air a thuras &amp;#xE8;ibheiseach timcheall air Innse Gall mu 1695.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-quote oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#x2018;They use for their diversions short clubs and balls of wood; the sand is a fair field for this sport and exercise in which they take great pleasure and are very nimble at it; they play for some eggs, fowls, hooks and tobacco; and so eager are they for victory that they strip themselves to their shirts to obtain it.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Camanachd air feadh an t-saoghail&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha camanachd cho sean ’s a ghabhas agus chan eil taobh phroifeiseanta air le daoine ga chluich gu saor-thoileach. Thathas a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh ceangal eadar camanachd agus goilf (ged nach eil sin uile gu l&amp;#xE8;ir buileach mionaideach) agus hocaidh air deigh. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lorgar cuideachd camanachd ann an &amp;#xE0;iteachan iongantach leithid raointean Mhontevideo ann am meadhan an 19mh linn, agus Toronto agus Roinn na Mara air taobh an ear Chanada.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh a chluich aig &amp;#xE0;ird na teasaich aig a’ Bhliadhn’ &amp;#xD9;ir ann an Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia c&amp;#xF2;rr is 150 bliadhna air ais agus ann an Cape Town ann an Afraga a Deas agus air raointean cogaidh na Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa tron d&amp;#xE0; Chogadh Mh&amp;#xF2;r. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns an latha an-diugh, tha e fi&amp;#xF9; ’s ri lorg anns na St&amp;#xE0;itean Aonaichte far a bheil &amp;#xF9;idh anns a’ gh&amp;#xE8;am a’ f&amp;#xE0;s ann an cuid de che&amp;#xE0;rnaidhean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;f3d7f466-fedf-4436-a229-0c7895ee1025&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id508541.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig061.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id508541.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 49 Iomradh air g&amp;#xE8;am iomain ann a’ Montevideo anns an &lt;i&gt;Inverness Courier&lt;/i&gt; air 13 An t-Iuchair 1842&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id508541&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id508541&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;T&amp;#xF9;s na camanachd&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Chan eil teagamh nach robhas a’ cluich camanachd (no leis an fh&amp;#xEC;rinn dreach eile dhen gh&amp;#xE8;am ris an canar sin an-diugh) bho linn nam p&amp;#xE0;ganach. Ann an Alba, ’s ann ann an Cl&amp;#xE0;ir Sheisein Eaglais Ghlaschu ann an 1589 as tr&amp;#xE0;ithe a lorgar cunntas air a’ chluich ris an canar an uairsin &amp;#x2018;schynnie.’ Tha am pios aig a bheil crois ag r&amp;#xE0;dh: &amp;#x2018;that nane be fund castand stanes w&lt;i&gt;i&lt;/i&gt;t&lt;i&gt;h &lt;/i&gt;in the kirkis zardes, or playing at futeball, goff, carrick or schynnie’.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v04a4ff7f-574c-4322-ada3-fbe498bbb5ae&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id508604.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig062.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id508604.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 50 Tha a’ chiad iomradh sgr&amp;#xEC;obhte air iomain ri lorg ann an Cunntasan Seisean Eaglais Ghlaschu airson 1589&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id508604&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id508604&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an Leabhar Chomunn nam F&amp;#xEC;or Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal, a chaidh fhoillseachadh ann an 1881 leis a’ Chomunn sin, thathas a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh dheth gur e camanachd &amp;#x2018;gun teagamh an sp&amp;#xF2;rs no cur-seachad Ceilteach as sine a ghabhas lorg&amp;#x2026;.. bho th&amp;#xF9;s air chall ann an ce&amp;#xF2; na h-eachdraidh&amp;#x2026;&amp;#x2026;agus chaidh a chluich le Noah e fh&amp;#xE8;in; agus ma chaidh, tha h-uile coltas gu robh Adhamh agus a mhic ris cuideachd.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;a21e1376-bee2-4b37-913f-b2685974fc2e&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id508649.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig064.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id508649.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 51 Camanachd mar a tha e air a dhealbh ann an Leabhar Chomunn nam F&amp;#xEC;or Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id508649&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id508649&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Am facal &amp;#x2018;shinty’&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir ciall an fhacail &amp;#x2018;shinty’ a mh&amp;#xEC;neachadh. Thathas a’ cleachdadh iomain, agus an d&amp;#xE8;idh sin camanachd, ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, d&amp;#xE0; fhacal a tha a’ comharrachadh &amp;#x2018;driving’. Chan eil freumhan an fhacail &amp;#x2018;Shinty’ (no a leithid shindy, shinnie, shindig a tha cuideachd a’ nochdadh), idir cho soilleir. Tha a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid dhen bharail gur ann bhon fhacal G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &lt;i&gt;s&amp;#xEC;nteag&lt;/i&gt;, a’ ciallachadh cruinn-leum, &amp;#x2018;leap, bound’, a tha e. Tha shinnie, (timcheall air 1600) a-r&amp;#xE8;ir coltais nas sine na shintie, a th&amp;#xE0;inig gu cleachdadh mu 100 bliadhna an d&amp;#xE8;idh sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Camanachd aig amannan f&amp;#xE8;ille&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cha robh tachartas sam bith nas cudromaiche an co-cheangal ri &amp;#xE0;m na Bliadhn’ &amp;#xD9;ire na G&amp;#xE8;am na Camanachd. Gu math tric bhiodh baraille de dh’uisge-beatha mar dhuais. Bhiodh na farpaisean gan cluich eadar d&amp;#xE0; pharaiste no barrachd, agus cha bhiodh smachd sam bith air an &amp;#xE0;ireamh a bhiodh a’ gabhail p&amp;#xE0;irt bho mhoch gu dubh. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e ri aithris air uair gum biodh suas gu 2,000 an l&amp;#xE0;thair. Chuireadh an t-uachdaran togsaid dhen stuth a b’ fhe&amp;#xE0;rr air adhart mar dhuais.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S ann ann am faclairean as motha a gheibhear a-mach eachdraidh agus sloinneadh na camanachd. Anns an fhaclair ainmeil aig Jamieson air a’ Ch&amp;#xE0;nan Albais, lorgar camanachd eadar &lt;i&gt;Shinnock&lt;/i&gt; agus &lt;i&gt;Shiolag&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nas iongantaiche ge-t&amp;#xE0;, tha Faclair Dualchainnt Shasainn (EDD) a’ cl&amp;#xE0;radh &lt;i&gt;shinham&lt;/i&gt; ann an Ceann a Tuath Shasainn, &lt;i&gt;shinnins&lt;/i&gt; agus &lt;i&gt;shinnop&lt;/i&gt; ann an Siorrachd York, &lt;i&gt;shinny&lt;/i&gt; agus &lt;i&gt;shinty&lt;/i&gt; air feadh a’ chinn a tuath ann an Sasainn gu cunbhalach, agus cho fada deas ri Siorrachdan Lincoln, Nottingham agus Gloucester. Tha EDD ag innse gu robhas ri camanachd (shinty) ann an Cumberland cho anmoch ri 1888, nuair a chaidh c&amp;#xE0;in a chur air dithis ghillean a bha ris a’ gh&amp;#xE8;aim air an t-sr&amp;#xE0;id agus chaidh an treas fear &amp;#x2018;a shaoradh, an d&amp;#xE8;idh a chuipeadh le ph&amp;#xE0;rant.’&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Camanachd am measg a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-shluaigh&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha camanachd nas bitheanta na bhith d&amp;#xEC;reach mar dh&amp;#xF2;igh aig uachdaran air a bhith a’ d&amp;#xEC;oladh an cuid. Anns an iris &lt;i&gt;The Penny Magazine&lt;/i&gt;, a chaidh fhoillseachadh le Comunn Sgaoilidh an E&amp;#xF2;lais a tha Feumail, air Faoilleach 31, 1835, tha dealbh a tha gu math feumail agus fiosrachail airson suidheachadh na camanachd aig an &amp;#xE0;m a thuigsinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;v6bb97939-bc69-4d84-92e9-aa8b387a2a56&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id508770.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig063.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id508770.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&amp;#xA0;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id508770&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id508770&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Camanachd thar Cr&amp;#xEC;ochan na h-Alba&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cha b’ ann a-mh&amp;#xE0;in air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd, no fi&amp;#xF9; taobh a-staigh na h-Alba a bhathas ri camanachd. Chaidh a’ chiad bhuidheann a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh ann an Sasainn, leis an ainm Cottonopolis, ann am Manchester, agus bha iadsan a’ cluich ron D&amp;#xF9;bhlachd, 1875.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha duilleagan a’ ph&amp;#xE0;ipeir-naidheachd &lt;i&gt;An G&amp;#xE0;idheal&lt;/i&gt; - &lt;i&gt;The Highlander&lt;/i&gt; - gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh anns na 1870an agus tr&amp;#xE0;th anns na 1880an nas coltaiche ri cunntas air saoghal Pr&amp;#xEC;omh L&amp;#xEC;og bhall-coise Shasainn an latha an-diugh le aithrisean a’ nochdadh air geamaichean anns a bheil leithid Birmingham, Manchester Camanachd, Old Trafford, Comunn Camanachd G&amp;#xE0;idhealach Lunnainn, Cottonopolis, Bolton, Nottingham Forest agus Stamford Bridge (an raon aig Chelsea) a’ cluich. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha daoine nam boil ri camanachd air d&amp;#xE0; thaobh nan Cr&amp;#xEC;ochan agus air feadh an t-saoghail bho Afraga a Deas gu Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia agus Sealan Nuadh; bho Thoronto ann an Canada gu New York anns na St&amp;#xE0;itean Aonaichte far an deach buidheann a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh ann an 1903.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Agus ann an Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia, ’s e an dearbhadh as fhe&amp;#xE0;rr a th’againn gu robh an g&amp;#xE8;am an sin, dealbh a chaidh a tharraing le Albannach, Iain Rae, ann an 1842.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:495px;&quot; id=&quot;v7bc87a73-d298-4be3-b272-401bfb060a21&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig091.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 52 Iomain ann a Sydney1840 le Iain Rae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha a h-uile coltas ann gu bheil camanachd ga chluich anns an dealbh seo. R&amp;#xE0;inig Rae Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia bho Alba anns an D&amp;#xF9;bhlachd 1839, d&amp;#xEC;reach bliadhna an d&amp;#xE8;idh dhan bh&amp;#xE0;ta &lt;i&gt;St George&lt;/i&gt;, an t-&amp;#xD2;ban fh&amp;#xE0;gail, luma-l&amp;#xE0;n le eilthirich &amp;#xE0; B&amp;#xE0;ideaneach agus sg&amp;#xEC;rean eile dhen Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd. Seo an turas mun deach an t-&amp;#xF2;ran ainmeil &lt;i&gt;Guma sl&amp;#xE0;n do na fearaibh&lt;/i&gt; a sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh. Seo mar a tha na facail anns an leabhar aig T&amp;#xF2;mas Sinton, The &lt;i&gt;Poet&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;ry &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;of Badenoch,&lt;/i&gt; Inbhirnis 1906:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu 'm a sl&amp;#xE0;n do na fearaibh &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xE8;id thairis a' chuan &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu talamh a' gheallaidh, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Far nach fairich iad fuachd. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu 'm a sl&amp;#xE0;n etc. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu 'm a sl&amp;#xE0;n do na mn&amp;#xE0;than &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nach cluinnear an gearan, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;'S ann th&amp;#xE8;id iad gu smearail, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;'G ar leantuinn thar 'chuan; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu 'm a sl&amp;#xE0;n etc. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;'Us na n&amp;#xEC;ghneagan b&amp;#xF2;idheach, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A dh'fhalbhas leinn c&amp;#xF2;mhladh, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibh daoine ri'm p&amp;#xF2;sadh, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A chuireas &amp;#xF2;r 'nan d&amp;#xE0; chluais. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu 'm a sl&amp;#xE0;n etc. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;p&gt;A health to the fellows, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Who’ll cross o’er the sea! &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To the country of promise, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Where no cold they will feel.- &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A health to the fellows, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Who’ll cross o’er the sea! &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A health to the goodwives! &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We’ll hear no complaining; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;They’ll follow us heartily &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Over the sea. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;And the beautiful maidens &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Going with us together,- &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;They’ll get husbands to marry, &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Who’ll give ear-rings of gold. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Camanachd ann an Astr&amp;#xE0;ilia&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil e na iongnadh sam bith le sin gu bheil sinn a’ lorg na camanachd ann an Geelong, Bhictoria, far an deach &amp;#x2018;Comunn na F&amp;#xE8;inne’ a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh le G&amp;#xE0;idheil airson an cleachdaidhean a chumail suas. Mhair an Comunn seo bho na 1850an gu na 1940an agus bha camanachd Bliadhn’ &amp;#xD9;ire an teis-meadhain nan co-chruinneachaidhean, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh aig toiseach gnothaich.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Cr&amp;#xEC;onadh na Camanachd&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thathas a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh dheth gu robh camanachd air cr&amp;#xEC;onadh agus air tarraing air ais gu G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd na h-Alba ron 19mh linn. An uairsin chaidh a thilleadh gu meadhan na d&amp;#xF9;thcha leis a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-shluagh a bha air imrich aig &amp;#xE0;m nam Fuadaichean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha clann aig Lannraig &amp;#xD9;r ris a’ gh&amp;#xE8;am agus bha buidheann &amp;#xE8;asgaidh ann an Gleann M&amp;#xF2;r L&amp;#xEC;obhainn anns na 1870an.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil teagamh nach iad na G&amp;#xE0;idheil bho dheas (taobh thall nan Cr&amp;#xEC;ochan) a bha a’ cluich ann an t&amp;#xF2;rr de na geamaichean a bh’ ann an Glaschu agus D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann (agus nas fhaide air falbh) bho na 1870an air adhart.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ch&amp;#xEC; sinn cuideachd cho tr&amp;#xE0;th ri 1816 gu robh buill Comunn Goilf aig Raon Bhruntsfield ann an D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann a’ gearain cho cunnartach ’s a bha c&amp;#xF9;isean an sin le cluich na camanachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha gu le&amp;#xF2;r fianais againn ann an dealbhan gu robh camanachd am measg an t-sluaigh an D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann aig an &amp;#xE0;m. Tha dealbh m&amp;#xF2;r le peanta-uisgeach a rinn Te&amp;#xE0;rlach Altamont Doyle (1832-93), agus a th’ air a chumail anns an Taigh-Tasgaidh R&amp;#xEC;oghail ann an D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann, a’ sealltainn Loch Duddingston anns a’ phr&amp;#xEC;omh bhaile. Am measg na th’ anns an dealbh tha seallaidhean air tr&amp;#xEC; sp&amp;#xF2;rsan – camanachd, curladh agus br&amp;#xF2;g-sp&amp;#xE8;ilidh. A r&amp;#xE8;ir aithrisean ph&amp;#xE0;ipear-naidheachd aig an &amp;#xE0;m, ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha gu robh suas gu 6,000 an l&amp;#xE0;thair.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;v4cf21091-84b8-4baf-a27e-9be24947f139&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id509020.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig067.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id509020.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 53 Iomain air Loch Duddingston le Te&amp;#xE0;rlach Altamont Doyle (1832-93)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id509020&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id509020&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Camanachd anns na h-Oilthighean&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil m&amp;#xEC;neachadh eile cho eireachdail air eachdraidh na camanachd agus a’ chuid briathrachais na cunntas a chaidh a sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh leis an sgoileir ainmeil G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, Alasdair MacBheathain &amp;#xE0; Inbhir Nis, airson Leabhar M&amp;#xF2;r s&amp;#xF2;nraichte do dh’Alasdair Littlejohn agus Oilthigh Obair Dheathain. Bhuineadh Littlejohn do Lunnainn ged a bha ceangal aige ri Alba agus ’s e a chuir air adhart Cupa Littlejohn agus an Leabhar M&amp;#xF2;r a tha na thaic dha, a tha fhathast nan duaisean aig farpais camanachd oilthighean na h-Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure oucontent-media-mini&quot; id=&quot;ec68e57a-4a6a-4ec7-95cf-676524caf668&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id509071.html&quot; title=&quot;View larger image&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig092.small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-thumbnaillink&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;x_gaidhlig_1_thumbnail_id509071.html&quot;&gt;View larger image&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 54 Leabhar M&amp;#xF2;r Littlejohn&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;a name=&quot;thumbnail_id509071&quot; id=&quot;back_thumbnail_id509071&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Camanachd anns an 21mh linn&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nuair a chluichear sreath de gheamaichean camanachd &amp;#xE0;raid c&amp;#xF2;rr is 100 bliadhna air ais, st&amp;#xE8;idhichear Comunn na Camanachd, buidheann-riaghlaidh a’ gh&amp;#xE8;am. Tha sin air tighinn gu &amp;#xEC;re a-nis agus air na diofar bhuidhnean a bha sgaoilte a tharraing ri ch&amp;#xE8;ile le timcheall air 50 buidheann gu h-iomlan a’ cluich gu cunbhalach, cuid dhiubh nas treasa na feadhainn eile. A bharrachd air sin tha aire nam meadhanan air a tharraing chun gh&amp;#xE8;am agus na h-uimhir de ghoistidheachd ga thairgse le companaidhean is buidhnean taobh a-muigh a’ gh&amp;#xE8;am.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:420px;&quot; id=&quot;ba295fb7-d768-4843-a301-85e01d90fc40&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig068_small.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 55 Tha l&amp;#xE0;mh an uachdair air a’ gh&amp;#xE8;am air a bhith tric aig sgioba Cheann a’ Ghi&amp;#xF9;thsaich bho chionn deagh ghreis a-nis. Chanadh m&amp;#xF2;ran gur e Raghnall Ros (an t-sreath aghaidh, air an oir chl&amp;#xEC;) cluicheadair cho math ’s a bha ann a-riamh. Fhuair e an MBE airson na rinn e don gh&amp;#xE8;am ann an 2011.Choisinn an sgioba pr&amp;#xEC;omh fharpais na h-Alba ann an D&amp;#xF9;n Omhain ann an 2006.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;&amp;#xC0;ireamhan&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha timcheall air 2,000 cluicheadair (fir, mnathan agus clann) ri camanachd agus eadar 2,500 agus 3,000 ball aig Comunn na Camanachd, le sgiobaidhean a’ cluich aig gach &amp;#xEC;re bhon bhun-sgoil gu inbheach. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an &amp;#xC8;irinn, tha Cumann L&amp;#xF9;th-Chleas Gael os cionn malairt luach nam milleanan m&amp;#xF2;ra, le c&amp;#xF2;rr is 200,000 cluicheadair - sin 100 camanaiche an &amp;#xC8;irinn airson gach Albannach. Ach a dh’aindeoin sin tha Alba air a bhith a’ cumail ceann a’ mhaide ri sgioba na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann nuair a thathas a’ coinneachadh anns na geamaichean iomain eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-internalsection&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h2 oucontent-internalsection-head&quot;&gt;Camanachd mar st&amp;#xF2;ras n&amp;#xE0;iseanta&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bhon chaidh rian a chur air saoghal na camanachd mar sp&amp;#xF2;rs, tha adhartas m&amp;#xF2;r air tighinn. Fhathast ged-t&amp;#xE0; tha ioma-cheist ann am bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir a bhith a’ foillseachadh a’ gh&amp;#xE8;am mar sp&amp;#xF2;rs &amp;#xF9;r nodha an latha an-diugh, no a bhith ga ghleidheil mar ph&amp;#xE0;irt &amp;#xE0;raid de chultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ge boil air a h-uile c&amp;#xE0;il, th&amp;#xE0;inig camanachd tron d&amp;#xE0; Chogadh Mh&amp;#xF2;r agus sheas an sp&amp;#xF2;rs ri iomadach d&amp;#xF9;bhlan eaconamach a th’ air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd a sgrios, biodh sin fo bhuaidh co-dh&amp;#xF9;naidhean &amp;#xE0;rd-urrachan saoghal malairt na h-ola anns na St&amp;#xE0;itean, no ceannbhairean an N&amp;#xE8;ibhidh a’ tarraing an luchd cabhlaich. Tha fi&amp;#xF9; ’s lughdachadh ann an &amp;#xE0;ireamh chloinn-sgoile agus d&amp;#xF9;nadh sgoiltean air an g&amp;#xE8;am a bhuaireadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure&quot; style=&quot;width:450px;&quot; id=&quot;v1bfc74cb-f38e-4977-83bf-dba776323db6&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;gaelic_1_fig093.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-figure-text&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-caption oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-figure-caption&quot;&gt;Figear 56 Tha sgiobair Sgioba Camanachd na h-Alba, Gary Innes, na sh&amp;#xE0;r fhear-ci&amp;#xF9;il cuideachd agus tha e air cluich air CDan c&amp;#xF2;mhla ris a’ ch&amp;#xF2;mhlan ainmeil Runrig&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha luchd-cluiche agus rianachd shaoghal na camanachd a’ meas a’ gh&amp;#xE8;am am measg gach sp&amp;#xF2;rs as fhe&amp;#xE0;rr air an t-saoghal. Chan eil teagamh nach eil camanachd pr&amp;#xEC;seil agus mar ph&amp;#xE0;irt de st&amp;#xF2;ras n&amp;#xE0;iseanta – agus gu dearbh eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta - na h-Alba, le &amp;#xE0;ite agus inbhe air leth nach deach aithneachadh gu cothromach ruige seo. Bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir gu robh luchd-eachdraidh, agus gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte luchd-eachdraidh sp&amp;#xF2;rs air feadh an t-saoghail air seo a chomharrachadh bho chionn fhada agus luach a chur air camanachd, le &amp;#xE0;ite agus inbhe dha r&amp;#xE8;ir am measg sp&amp;#xF2;rsan eile an t-saoghail mh&amp;#xF2;ir.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=6.5</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
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      <title>7 Ceistean Cumanta</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=7</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>
&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;1 C&amp;#xF2; &amp;#xE0;s a th&amp;#xE0;inig G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e G&amp;#xE0;idhlig t&amp;#xE8; de ch&amp;#xE0;nain na h-Alba agus tha buaidh a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain ri fhaicinn air feadh na d&amp;#xF9;thcha, tro na linntean agus gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh ann an ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Buinidh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig dhan teaghlach Ceilteach, le dl&amp;#xF9;th-ch&amp;#xE0;irdeas do Chuimris, c&amp;#xE0;nan a’ Ch&amp;#xF2;rn agus c&amp;#xE0;nan na Breatainne Bige.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha i nas dl&amp;#xF9;ithe buileach do Ghaeilge na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann agus c&amp;#xE0;nan Eilean Mhanainn. Tha na tr&amp;#xEC; se&amp;#xF2;rsaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig sin, no c&amp;#xE0;nain Goidelic, uile a’ tighinn bho aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan a bha ga bruidhinn ann an &amp;#xC8;ireann anmoch anns a’ chiad m&amp;#xEC;le bliadhna BC agus a’ chiad mile bliadhna AD. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaichean ann an Laideann a’ toirt iomradh air daoine a bha a’ fuireach ann an &amp;#xC8;ireann, agus a bhiodh a’ c&amp;#xF2;mhradh anns a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan seo, mar Scotti, agus a’ gabhail Scotia air &amp;#xC8;ireann.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns na Meadhan Aoisean, gabh iad thuca fh&amp;#xE8;in ainm nam Breatannach, Go&amp;#xED;dil, na G&amp;#xE0;idheil. Bha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air tighinn gu iar-thuath na d&amp;#xF9;thcha, gu Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal ron 6mh linn AD aig a’ char as fhaide.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha deasbad ann fhathast mu d&amp;#xEC;reach ciamar a th&amp;#xE0;inig G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu Alba, ach tha gu le&amp;#xF2;r dhen bheachd gur e gluasad sluaigh as bh’ ann eadar &amp;#xC8;ireann agus Alba. Tha e cinnteach gu le&amp;#xF2;r ged-t&amp;#xE0; gu robh luchd-riaghlaidh agus pearsachan-eaglais Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheil agus D&amp;#xE0;l Riata (a bha fhathast a’ gabhail a-staigh ce&amp;#xE0;rnaidhean de cheann-a-tuath &amp;#xC8;irinn) a’ cleachdadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ron 6mh linn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;2 Cia mheud neach a bhruidhneas G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns a’ Chunntas Sluaigh ann an 2001 chaidh tomhas gu robh comasan labhairt agus/no sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh/tuigse ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig 92,400 neach (1.9% de mh&amp;#xF2;r-shluagh na h-Alba).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bha an &amp;#xE0;ireamh sin a’ gabhail a-staigh 58,652 (1.2% de mh&amp;#xF2;r-shluagh na h-Alba) a bhruidhneadh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-table oucontent-s-normal oucontent-s-box&quot;&gt;&lt;h3 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-nonumber&quot;&gt;Cunntas-sluaigh 2001&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td/&gt;&lt;td&gt;Sluagh iomlan aig aois 3+ (=100%)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Comasach air G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bhruidhinn&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Comas labhairt, sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh, leughaidh&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;Comas labhairt, leughaidh, sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh, no tuigse&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Alba&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;4,900,492&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;58,652 (1.2%)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;65,674 (1.3%)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;92,386 (1.9%)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ged a bha lughdachadh ann an &amp;#xE0;ireamh luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu h-iomlan anns a’ Chunntas mu dheireadh, eadar 1991 agus 2001 bha &amp;#xE0;rdachadh anns an &amp;#xE0;ireamh far am b’ urrainn do dhaoine bruidhinn anns a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan agus aig an robh sgilean leughaidh agus sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaidh a bharrachd air sin. Tha seo a’ dearbhadh &amp;#xE0;rdachadh ann an comasan litearrachd ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus cuideachd anns an luchd-ionnsachaidh. Bha f&amp;#xE0;s cuideachd anns an &amp;#xE0;ireamh chloinne eadar aois 5-15 aig an robh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig eadar 1991 agus 2001.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;3 C&amp;#xE0;ite an cluinnear G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an-diugh?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cluinnear a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air feadh na h-Alba. Tha beagan a bharrachd is leth dhen &amp;#xE0;ireamh ann an Cunntas-sluaigh 2001 a’ fuireach ann an sg&amp;#xEC;rean na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd (roinn Chomhairle na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd, Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal is Bh&amp;#xF2;id agus sg&amp;#xEC;re Chomhairle nan Eilean Siar) agus beagan nas lugha na leth dhen &amp;#xE0;ireamh (45%) deas air an sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid ann an sg&amp;#xEC;re Chomhairle nan Eilean Siar agus ann am paraiste Chille Mhoire anns an Eilean Sgitheanach, ann an Roinn na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd. Chan eil ach beagan dhen cheathramh cuid de luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ c&amp;#xF2;mhnaidh ann an sg&amp;#xEC;rean far a bheil iad anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air an tarraing chun bhaile-mh&amp;#xF2;ir, le m&amp;#xF2;ran a’ fuireach an Glaschu no mun cuairt air, an D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann, Inbhir Nis agus Obair Dheathain. Mar eisimpleir tha 11,211 le G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, sin 19% dhen &amp;#xE0;ireamh gu h-iomlan, a’ fuireach mu M&amp;#xF2;r-bhaile Ghlaschu a-r&amp;#xE8;ir Cunntas-sluaigh 2001.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Lorgar cuideachd luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an d&amp;#xF9;thchannan c&amp;#xE8;in feadh an t-saoghail, a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid dhi&amp;#xF9;bh le ceangal eilthireach agus eachdraidheil ri Alba bho &amp;#xE0;m nam Fuadaichean. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig fhathast be&amp;#xF2; ann an Ceap Breatainn ann an Canada le m&amp;#xF2;ran a’ tachairt ann an saoghal foghlaim agus ealain na d&amp;#xF9;thcha sin. Tha &amp;#xE0;ireamh cudromach dhaoine air &amp;#xF9;idh a thogail ann a bhith ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an d&amp;#xF9;thchannan leithid na Gearmailt, An Sp&amp;#xE0;inn, d&amp;#xF9;thchannan taobh an Ear na Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa agus Ceann a Tuath Ameireaga. Tha sgoilearan an Iapan cuideachd air &amp;#xF9;idh a nochdadh anns a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;4 C&amp;#xE0;ite an lorg mi fiosrachadh mu bhuidhnean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha grunn bhuidhnean cudromach ann an saoghal na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha an Riaghaltas a’ foillseachadh fiosrachadh mun obair aca fh&amp;#xE8;in agus ceangail ri buidhnean eile. Tha leithid eile ga dh&amp;#xE8;anamh le &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan ionadail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&quot;&gt;B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:0&quot;&gt;&amp;#xA0;&lt;/span&gt; a’ phr&amp;#xEC;omh bhuidheann poblach le dleastanas airson leasachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus tha uallach air a’ Bh&amp;#xF2;rd gu s&amp;#xF2;nraichte airson foghlam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chur air adhart. Tha l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n a’ Bh&amp;#xF9;ird a’ ceangal ri buidhnean eile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/alba/&quot;&gt;BBC ALBA&lt;/a&gt; an sianal &amp;#xF9;r telebhisein agus c&amp;#xF2;mhla ri &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/radionangaidheal/&quot;&gt;BBC Radio nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal&lt;/a&gt; tha iad a’ cumail fiosrachadh ris an t-sluagh mu phr&amp;#xF2;graman.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Roinnean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig no Ceiltis aig na h-Oilthighean ann an Glaschu, Obair Dheathain, agus D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann agus ’s e &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/&quot;&gt;Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig&lt;/a&gt; anns an Eilean Sgitheanach, a tha na p&amp;#xE0;irt de dh’&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://uhi.ac.uk/en&quot;&gt;Oilthigh na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd is nan Eilean&lt;/a&gt; (UHI), a’ phr&amp;#xEC;omh ionad G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a tha a’ tairgse raon farsaing de ch&amp;#xF9;rsaichean agus goireasan rannsachaidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;5 C&amp;#xE0;ite am faighear fiosrachadh mu ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e Ainmean-&amp;#xC0;ite na h-Alba (A&amp;#xC0;A) a’ cho-bhanntachd comhairleachaidh n&amp;#xE0;iseanta airson Ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba. Tha a’ bhuidheann seo ag aontachadh riochd ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite airson leithid soidhnichean rathaid, mapaichean agus fiosrachadh coitcheann. Tha an obair aca air a bhonntachadh air e&amp;#xF2;las agus taic ghrunn bhuidhnean, fiosrachadh ionadail agus st&amp;#xF2;ras eachdraidheil ach an t&amp;#xE8;id ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite aontachadh ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh cinnteach is rianail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha A&amp;#xC0;A a’ cleachdadh siostam litreachaidh agus sti&amp;#xF9;ireadh &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.sqa.org.uk/files_ccc/SQA-Gaelic_Orthographic_Conventions-En-e.pdf&quot;&gt;Gn&amp;#xE0;thas Litreachaidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig 2009&lt;/a&gt; (GOC) airson cunbhalachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha A&amp;#xC0;A cuideachd air a bhith ag obair an co-bhuinn ris an t-Suirbhidh &amp;#xD2;rdanais (OS), &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan ionadail agus buidhnean poblach eile bho 2000, a’ frithealadh am feumalachdan airson mapaichean agus soidhnichean. Tha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.ainmean-aite.org/&quot;&gt;A&amp;#xC0;A&lt;/a&gt; a’ st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh faclair ainmean-&amp;#xE0;iteachan n&amp;#xE0;iseanta mar a chaidh moladh anns a’ Phlana G&amp;#xE0;idhlig N&amp;#xE0;iseanta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;6 Bheil e doirbh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ionnsachadh?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil a’ cheist sin cho s&amp;#xEC;mplidh sin. Chan urrainnear aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan a chomharrachadh an coimeas ri c&amp;#xE0;nan eile mar nas fhasa no nas duilghe, nas fheumaile no le nas lugha luach. Cha mh&amp;#xF2; a tha cr&amp;#xEC;ochan ann air an &amp;#xF9;ine a bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir a chomharrachadh airson c&amp;#xE0;nan ionnsachadh no thoirt gu tomhas mhath fileantachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e an rud as cudromaiche ann a bhith ag ionnsachadh c&amp;#xE0;nan sam bith a bhith dealasach, a’ cumail ri gach d&amp;#xF9;bhlan a nochdas agus foighidneach, reusanta ann a bhith ag amas air ceann-uidhe a ghabhas coileanadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cothroman cleachdaidh air leth cudromach agus ma th&amp;#xE8;id aig neach a tha ag ionnsachadh a dhol am bogadh sa ch&amp;#xE0;nan no a dh’fhuireach ann an coimhearsnachd far a bheil a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ga cleachdadh gu l&amp;#xE0;itheil, thig adhartas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e na chuideachadh a bhith ag &amp;#xE8;isteachd ri G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air r&amp;#xE8;idio agus air telebhisean cho math ri bhith leughadh, gu h-&amp;#xE0;raidh ma tha e na amas a bhith a’ dol an s&amp;#xE0;s ann an litreachas. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha fiosrachadh a dh’fhaodadh a bhith feumail do luchd-ionnsachaidh c&amp;#xE0;nain, air &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.omniglot.com/&quot;&gt;Omniglot&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear sealladh air G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ionnsachadh air &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bilingualism-matters.org.uk/&quot;&gt;Bilingualism Matters&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha a’ bhuidheann-taic do luchd-ionnsachaidh &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cli.org.uk&quot;&gt;Cl&amp;#xEC; G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt; a’ frithealadh feumalachdan aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cli.org.uk&quot;&gt;http://www.cli.org.uk&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha tuilleadh fiosrachaidh agus comhairle ri fhaotainn air &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.mygaelic.com/&quot;&gt;mygaelic.com&lt;/a&gt; far a bheil ceangail ri l&amp;#xEC;onraidh s&amp;#xF2;isealta eile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha l&amp;#xE0;raich-l&amp;#xEC;n eile a tha feumail aig buidhnean leithid &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://gaidhlig.org.uk&quot;&gt;B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://gaidhlig.org.uk), agus&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt; agus seirbhisean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ BhBC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear fiosrachadh is taic air-loidhne no tro ch&amp;#xF9;rsaichean bho ghrunn ionadan foghlaim.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A-thaobh stuthan taic, tha fiosrachadh aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaelic.books.net&quot;&gt;Comhairle nan Leabhraichean&lt;/a&gt;, mu leabhraichean agus goireasan a tha feumail do luchd-ionnsachaidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;7 Bheil Sgoiltean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air leth ann?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha d&amp;#xE0; bhun-sgoil Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann a tha a’ biathadh &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoiltean - ann an Inbhir Nis agus Glaschu, far an deach a’ chiad sgoil Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha iarrtas son &amp;#xE0;iteachan anns na Sgoiltean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ s&amp;#xEC;or fh&amp;#xE0;s. Bha 311 ann an sgoil Ghlaschu ann an 2007 agus anns a’ bhliadhna 2010-11 bha an &amp;#xE0;ireamh sin air tighinn gu 580.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha timcheall air 2,500 duine cloinne ann am bun-sgoiltean agus &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoiltean gan teagasg tron Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig (ris an canar Gaelic Medium Education, GME, no Foghlam Tro Mheadhan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, FTG) agus tha 700 eile ann an cr&amp;#xF2;ileagain G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xF2;isich GME/FTG le 24 duine cloinne ann an 1985 agus c&amp;#xF2;ig bliadhna an d&amp;#xE8;idh sin, bha an &amp;#xE0;ireamh aig 2,256. Bha 390 gam foghlam tron Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig &amp;#xEC;re &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoile ann an 2009-2010. Anns na 58 cr&amp;#xF2;ileagan a tha air am frithealadh le &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan ionadail chaidh 856 duine cloinne a chl&amp;#xE0;radh anns a’ bhliadhna sgoile 2009-2010.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns an t-siostam foghlaim &amp;#xE0;bhaisteach tha eadar 2,500 agus 3,000 ag ionnsachadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig mar chuspair anns an &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoil gach bliadhna. Tha m&amp;#xF2;ran chloinne ann am bun-sgoiltean &amp;#xE0;bhaisteach ag ionnsachadh fo Sgeama na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig anns a’ Bhun-sgoil.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha f&amp;#xE0;s ri fhaicinn cuideachd anns an &amp;#xE0;ireamh de dh’oileanaich a tha leantainn na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu &amp;#xC0;rd-&amp;#xCC;re foghlaim no tha a’ togail air c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig gach &amp;#xEC;re a tha sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir do ph&amp;#xE0;rantan fiosrachadh mu fhoghlam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig iarraidh air &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan ionadail no air &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaelic.org.uk/&quot;&gt;B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt; ma tha ceistean aca.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;8 Bheil G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann co-ionann ri G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba mar ph&amp;#xE0;irt dhen teaghlach Ceilteach agus an dl&amp;#xF9;th-ch&amp;#xE0;irdeas ri Cuimris, c&amp;#xE0;nan na C&amp;#xF2;rn agus c&amp;#xE0;nan na Breatainne Bige. Tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig nas dl&amp;#xF9;ithe buileach ri Gaelige na h-&amp;#xC8;irinn agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Eilean Mhanainn. Tha na tr&amp;#xEC; c&amp;#xE0;nain G&amp;#xE0;idhlig no Goidelic sin a’ tighinn bhon aon fhreumh agus an aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e furasta gu le&amp;#xF2;r do Gh&amp;#xE0;idheil an Alba agus an &amp;#xC8;ireann a bhith a’ c&amp;#xF2;mhradh nan c&amp;#xE0;nain fh&amp;#xE8;in anns an latha th’ ann. Tha co-ionannachd anns a’ bhriathrachas agus tha an d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan a’ d&amp;#xE8;iligeadh ri d&amp;#xF9;bhlain leasachadh c&amp;#xE0;nain an &amp;#xEC;re mhath anns an aon d&amp;#xF2;igh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha buidhnean craolaidh mar eisimpleir air tighinn c&amp;#xF2;mhla a l&amp;#xEC;bhrigeadh pr&amp;#xF2;graman far a bheileas a’ cleachdadh luchd-l&amp;#xEC;bhrigidh bhon d&amp;#xE0; thaobh de Shruth na Maoile.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Air adhbharan eachdraidheil agus cho faisg agus a tha Eilean &amp;#xCC;le air &amp;#xC8;irinn, ’s ann an sin a lorgar a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig Albannach as coltaiche ri c&amp;#xE0;nan na h-&amp;#xC8;irinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;9 D&amp;#xE8; an inbhe laghail a tha aig G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ghabh P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid na h-Alba ri Achd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (Alba) 2005 mar dh&amp;#xF2;igh air inbhe agus t&amp;#xE8;arainteachd fhaighinn dhan ch&amp;#xE0;nan mar chainnt oifigeil ann an Alba leis an aon &amp;#xEC;re sp&amp;#xE8;is agus a th’ aig Beurla.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;St&amp;#xE8;idhich Achd 2005 &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&quot;&gt;B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt; (a’ phr&amp;#xEC;omh bhuidheann leasachaidh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig an Riaghaltas) mar mheadhan air leasachadh a chur air adhart.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Na ph&amp;#xE0;irt dhen sin bha uallach ri chur air buidhnean poblach Planaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a dheisealachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh seo a chur air adhart mar dh&amp;#xF2;igh air d&amp;#xE8;anamh cinnteach gu bheil an roinn phoblach ann an Alba a’ cur ri suidheachadh seasmhach a chruthachadh dhan Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig le bhith ag &amp;#xE0;rdachadh inbhe a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain agus a’ cruthachadh cothroman cleachdaidh practaigeach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh am prionnsabal airson co-ionannachd sp&amp;#xE8;is fhighe dhan Achd ann an 2005 le P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid na h-Alba mar theachdaireachd l&amp;#xE0;idir mu luach a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain. Bha seo ag aithneachadh gu bheil luchd-cleachdaidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ag iarraidh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chleachdadh ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh cho &amp;#xE0;bhaisteach ’s a ghabhas agus gum bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir deagh r&amp;#xF9;n a nochdadh dhan Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air feadh na d&amp;#xF9;thcha. Bha beachd l&amp;#xE0;idir ann nach bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir dhan ch&amp;#xE0;nan a bhith a’ fulang bho chion-sp&amp;#xE8;is no di-meas aig &amp;#xEC;re chorporra no le daoine fa-leth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;10 D&amp;#xE8; th’ anns a’ Mh&amp;#xF2;d?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e am M&amp;#xF2;d R&amp;#xEC;oghail N&amp;#xE0;iseanta a’ phr&amp;#xEC;omh fh&amp;#xE8;is Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Alba agus tha e co-ionann ris an Eisteddfod anns a’ Chuimrigh. Tha am facal &amp;#x2018;m&amp;#xF2;d’ a’ ciallachadh &amp;#x2018;co-chruinneachadh’ no &amp;#x2018;tachartas’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha am M&amp;#xF2;d ga sti&amp;#xF9;ireadh leis a’ Chomunn Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealach, t&amp;#xE8; de na buidhnean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig as sine a tha st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air ballrachd. St&amp;#xE8;idhichte anns an &amp;#xD2;ban ann an 1891, tha an Comunn air a bhith a’ seasamh c&amp;#xF2;irichean na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig bhon uairsin tro theagasg, ionnsachadh agus cleachdadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bharrachd air a bhith a’ brosnachadh litreachas, eachdraidh, ce&amp;#xF2;l agus ealain ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tro bhith a’ cumail a’ Mh&amp;#xF2;id a’ dol agus tro obair leasachaidh ann an coimhearsnachdan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, tha An Comunn G&amp;#xE0;idhealach a’ s&amp;#xEC;or chumail taic ris a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus a’ leasachadh a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nain tro ghnothaichean cultarail, eachdraidh agus dualchas aig gach &amp;#xEC;re, ionadail, n&amp;#xE0;iseanta agus eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta. Tha am &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://acgmod.org/&quot;&gt;M&amp;#xF2;d&lt;/a&gt; ann gach bliadhna (anns an D&amp;#xE0;mhair) ann an diofar &amp;#xE0;iteachan air feadh Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;11 C&amp;#xE0;ite am faigh mi fiosrachadh mu leabhraichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaelicbooks.net&quot;&gt;Comhairle nan Leabhraichean&lt;/a&gt; a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh ann an Glaschu airson daoine a mhisneachadh gu sgr&amp;#xF9;dadh, teagasg, e&amp;#xF2;las agus luach a chur air sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha a’ Chomhairle cuideachd a’ toirt taic do thachartasan a dh’fhoillsicheas obair chruthachail ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Comhairle nan Leabhraichean a’ cuideachadh agus a’ comhairleachadh dhaoine air gnothaich sam bith co-cheangailte ri leabhraichean, foillseachadh agus goireasan ionnsachaidh. Tha e na amas aig a’ Chomhairle foillseachadh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an Alba a chur air bonn-st&amp;#xE8;idh a tha seasmhach, a’ cur ris an &amp;#xE0;ireamh de leabhraichean de dh’iomadh se&amp;#xF2;rsa agus a’ tre&amp;#xF2;rachadh luchd-ionnsachaidh agus gan sti&amp;#xF9;ireadh gu fileantachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;12 &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;C&amp;#xE0;ite am faigh mi &lt;/span&gt;fiosrachadh mu &lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;leabhraichean sgoile?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha a’ bhuidheann &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.storlann.co.uk/&quot;&gt;St&amp;#xF2;rlann N&amp;#xE0;iseanta na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt; a’ co-&amp;#xF2;rdanachadh agus a’ sgaoileadh goireasan taice curaicealaim do sgoiltean a tha a’ teagasg G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an St&amp;#xF2;rlann a’ deisealachadh goireasan teagaisg do chr&amp;#xF2;ileagain, bun-sgoiltean, &amp;#xE0;rd-sgoiltean agus buidhnean foghlaim fad-beatha.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an St&amp;#xF2;rlann a’ reic cuid dhen stuth aca agus tha taghadh de ghoireasan eadar-ghn&amp;#xEC;omhach do ph&amp;#xE0;rantan rim faotainn an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaelic4parents.com&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibh teaghlaichean taic an sin le obair-dachaigh sgoile agus gnothaichean eile an co-cheangal ri foghlam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;13 C&amp;#xE0;ite an lorg mi G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air an r&amp;#xE8;idio agus air an telebhisean?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh BBC ALBA a chur air adhart ann an 2008 mar shianal telebhisean na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. ’S e co-bhanntachd a th’ ann eadar am BBC agus MG Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/&quot;&gt;BBC ALBA&lt;/a&gt; ri lorg mar a leanas:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-bulleted&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Freeview sianal 8 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Cabal sianal 188 &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Sky sianal 168&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Freesat sianal 110&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Be&amp;#xF2; air BBC iPlayer&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Gheibhear cuideachd 10 uairean a th&amp;#xEC;de taghte gach seachdain air BBC PC iPlayer agus BBC iPlayer tro Virgin Media&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/radionangaidheal/&quot;&gt;BBC Radio nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal&lt;/a&gt;, an t-seirbheis n&amp;#xE0;iseanta r&amp;#xE8;idio a th’ air grunn dhuaisean a bhuinig, a’ craoladh air FM. Tha naidheachdan, ce&amp;#xF2;l, c&amp;#xF2;mhradh agus sp&amp;#xF2;rs air Radio nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear Radio nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal tro chruinn FM air feadh Alba (ach a-mh&amp;#xE0;in na Cr&amp;#xEC;ochan, D&amp;#xF9;n Fris agus Gall-Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealaibh, Siorrachd &amp;#xC0;ir, Arcaibh is Sealtainn).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear cuideachd Radio nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal tro mheadhanan didsiteach telebhisein, DAB R&amp;#xE8;idio agus air-loidhne. Faodar na pr&amp;#xF2;graman r&amp;#xE8;idio a thogail be&amp;#xF2; no airson seachd latha an d&amp;#xE8;idh l&amp;#xE0;imhe air BBC iPlayer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha BBC Radio nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal cuideachd a’ craoladh tro BhBC ALBA air sianal didsiteach an telebhisein nuair nach eil pr&amp;#xF2;graman telebhisein gan craoladh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha BBC Radio na G&amp;#xE0;idheal ri lorg air &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FM_broadcasting&quot;&gt;FM&lt;/a&gt;: 103.5-105 &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megahertz&quot;&gt;MHz&lt;/a&gt;,  &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Audio_Broadcasting&quot;&gt;DAB&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeview_(UK)&quot;&gt;Freeview&lt;/a&gt;: 720 (ann an Alba a-mh&amp;#xE0;in), &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freesat&quot;&gt;Freesat&lt;/a&gt;: 713 (&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Alba_(TV_channel)&quot;&gt;110&lt;/a&gt;), &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky_(UK_%26_Ireland)&quot;&gt;Sky&lt;/a&gt;: 0139 (&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Alba_(TV_channel)&quot;&gt;168&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_Media&quot;&gt;Virgin Media&lt;/a&gt;: 934; RDS: BBC GAEL)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha pr&amp;#xF2;graman G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gan craoladh air cuid de st&amp;#xE8;iseanan r&amp;#xE8;idio coimhearsnachd leithid Moray Firth Radio, st&amp;#xE8;idhichte ann an Inbhir Nis agus Isles FM anns na h-Eileanan Siar, Oban FM ann an Earra-Gh&amp;#xE0;idheal, Cuillin FM anns an Eilean Sgitheanach agus Nevis Radio ann an sg&amp;#xEC;re Loch Abair.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;14 An urrainnear G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a ghabhail aig &amp;#xEC;re Oilthigh is Colaiste?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha grunn ch&amp;#xF9;rsaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig rim faotainn aig Colaistean agus Oilthighean ann an Alba, agus cuid eile thall thairis, mar eisimpleir ann an Canada. Tha cuid de na c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean gan teagaisg tron Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu h-iomlan – leithid an fheadhainn ann an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/index_gd.html&quot;&gt;Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig&lt;/a&gt; anns an Eilean Sgitheanach agus &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.lews.uhi.ac.uk/&quot;&gt;Colaiste Caisteil Le&amp;#xF2;dhais&lt;/a&gt;, a tha le ch&amp;#xE8;ile nam p&amp;#xE0;irt de dh’&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.uhi.ac.uk/en&quot;&gt;Oilthigh na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd is nan Eilean&lt;/a&gt; (UHI).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha ceumannan ann an Ceiltis agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air an tairgsinn ann an Oilthighean &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gla.ac.uk/departments/celtic/&quot;&gt;Ghlaschu&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.celtscot.ed.ac.uk/&quot;&gt;Dh&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann&lt;/a&gt; agus &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.abdn.ac.uk/celtic/&quot;&gt;Obair Dheathain&lt;/a&gt; agus tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na p&amp;#xE0;irt cudromach anns an obair. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean tr&amp;#xE8;anaidh luchd-teagaisg rim faighinn ann an Oilthigh Srath Chluaidh agus anns a’ Cholaiste Tuath ann an Obar Dheathain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;15 C&amp;#xE0;ite bheil Colaiste N&amp;#xE0;iseanta na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bho 1973, nuair a chaidh &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk&quot;&gt;Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig&lt;/a&gt; a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh anns an Eilean Sgitheanach, tha a’ cholaiste air inbhe a thogail gu h-eadar-n&amp;#xE0;iseanta mar Ionad N&amp;#xE0;iseanta airson cultar agus c&amp;#xE0;nan na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha a’ cholaiste na ball sgoilearach de UHI, Oilthigh na G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd is nan Eilean, a’ tairgse &amp;#xE0;rd-&amp;#xEC;rean teagaisg agus cothroman rannsachaidh tron Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig &amp;#xF9;r agus adhartach le f&amp;#xEC;or ghoireasan ionnsachaidh leithid leabhar-lann air leth, goireasan craolaidh agus cl&amp;#xE0;raidh, &amp;#xE0;iteachan-fuirich do dh’oileanaich agus goireasan &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.fasmor.org.uk/&quot;&gt;c&amp;#xF9;ram chloinne&lt;/a&gt; tron Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha timcheall air 90 oileanach l&amp;#xE0;n-&amp;#xF9;ine anns a’ Cholaiste anns a’ bhliadhna 2011-12, le 260 a’ frithealadh c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean aig astar, agus 800 eile air &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/Foghlam/Tagh-Cursa/Cursaichean-Goirid/index_gd.html&quot;&gt;c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean goirid&lt;/a&gt; gach bliadhna.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann a bhith a’ co-obrachadh le buidhnean eile ann an Coimhearsnachd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig tha a’ Cholaiste air a neartachadh gu m&amp;#xF2;r. Tha i cuideachd na dachaigh do ghrunn phr&amp;#xF2;iseactan cruthachail agus cultarail leithid &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.tobarandualchais.co.uk/&quot;&gt;Tobar an Dualchais&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.faclair.ac.uk/&quot;&gt;Faclair na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.soillse.ac.uk/index-en.php&quot;&gt;Soillse&lt;/a&gt;, an t-ionad rannsachaidh &amp;#xF9;r agus &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.canan.co.uk&quot;&gt;C&amp;#xE0;nan&lt;/a&gt;, a’ chompanaidh dealbhachaidh agus iomadh-meadhanach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Bidh a’ Cholaiste cuideachd gu m&amp;#xF2;r an s&amp;#xE0;s ann a bhith a’ brosnachadh ealain agus cultar na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig le pr&amp;#xF2;gram de luchd-ealain a’ tadhal agus a’ fuireach aig a’ Cholaiste, a’ gabhail a-steach ce&amp;#xF2;l, litreachas, dr&amp;#xE0;ma agus dealbhachd.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;16 A bheil bathar bog G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ri fhaotainn airson coimpiutaran?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh grunn phr&amp;#xF2;graman a dhealbh airson an cleachdadh tron Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig air coimpiutairean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Mar eisimpleir, chruthaich &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.opera.com/press/releases/2000/12/21/&quot;&gt;Opera Software&lt;/a&gt;, a tha st&amp;#xE8;idhichte ann an Oslo, a’ chiad bhrabhsair G&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson an eadar-l&amp;#xEC;on. Tha e saor agus an asgaidh agus ri fhaotainn ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba agus &amp;#xC8;ireann, ann an Cuimris agus ann an c&amp;#xE0;nan na Breatainne Bige.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha innleachd eadar-theangachaidh ann air a bheil &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?displaylang=gb&amp;amp;id=12852&quot;&gt;Microsoft Captions Language Interface Pack&lt;/a&gt; (CLIP). Faodar CLIP a chleachdadh mar thaic c&amp;#xE0;nain no mar dh&amp;#xF2;igh air eadar-theangachadh agus diofar dual-chainnt a shoilleireachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha grunn ph&amp;#xEC;osan &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.languageresourceonline.com/group.asp?grp=309&quot;&gt;bathair bog&lt;/a&gt; rim faotainn a tha cuideachail ann a bhith a’ teagasg gr&amp;#xE0;mar agus st&amp;#xF2;r fhaclan, an d&amp;#xE0; chuid airson DOS agus Macs.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Faodar cuideachd G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a chleachdadh air &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.google.com/webhp?hl=gd&quot;&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ma tha sibh ag iarraidh dearbhairean, mar eiseimpleir, chaidh An Dearbhair a leasachadh an toiseach airson Microsoft Word 2003 agus gheibhear e an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://gaidhlig.ltscotland.org.uk/innealantaic/index.asp&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha siostam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann airson &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;https://www.mozilla.com/gd/firefox/&quot;&gt;Firefox&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cruinneachadh de ch&amp;#xF2;rr is 500 facal a bhios feumail nuair a thathas a’ cleachdadh an eadar-l&amp;#xEC;n ri fhaotainn bho aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.anseotal.co.uk&quot;&gt;Seotal&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;17 D&amp;#xE8; na faclairean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig as fheumaile?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha deagh fhaclair air leth cudromach do neach-ionnsachaidh sam bith airson an sgilean a thoirt air adhart (agus gu dearbh do dh’fhileantaich). Tha eadar-theangachadh air an d&amp;#xE0; shlighe eadar an d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan gu math cuideachail. Gheibhear cobhair eadar-theangachaidh an-asgaidh tro ghrunn l&amp;#xE0;raich-l&amp;#xEC;n.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh am faclair &lt;i&gt;The Teach Yourself Essential Gaelic Dictionary&lt;/i&gt;, fhoillseachadh le &amp;#xF9;rachadh ann an 2010, agus ’s e seo am faclair as goireasaiche.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha grunn eile ann a tha feumail air an cruthachadh le leithid Angus Watson, Gordon MacIllInnein agus Colin Mark agus tha fiosrachadh mun deidhinn ri fhaotainn bho &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaelicbooks.net&quot;&gt;Chomhairle nan Leabhraichean&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha grunn fhaclairean air-loidhne ann a-nis leithid &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.dwelly.info/&quot;&gt;Dwelly air-loidhne&lt;/a&gt; far a bheil an t-seann fhaclair aig Dwelly, a bha an &amp;#xEC;re mhath na shlat-tomhais fad iomadh bliadhna ri fhaotainn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The m&amp;#xF2;ran briathrachais ann an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www2.smo.uhi.ac.uk/gaidhlig/faclair/sbg/lorg.php&quot;&gt;St&amp;#xF2;r-data Briathrachais G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt; a chaidh a chruthachadh le Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dh’fhoillsich an Riaghaltas &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/129226/0055783.pdf&quot;&gt;Faclair na P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid&lt;/a&gt; ann an 2001, le st&amp;#xF2;r fhaclan a tha feumail a thaobh obair &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan ionadail agus raointean obrach an Riaghaltais fh&amp;#xE8;in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Faclair airson Riaghaltas Ionadail ri lorg aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cne-siar.gov.uk/gaelic/dictionary.asp&quot;&gt;http://www.cne-siar.gov.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;gaelic/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dictionary.asp&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha pr&amp;#xF2;iseact &amp;#xF9;r &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.faclair.ac.uk/&quot;&gt;Faclair na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt; a-nis st&amp;#xE8;idhichte aig Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig, na cho-obrachadh eadar Oilthighean Obair Dheathain, D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann, Srath Chluaidh agus UHI. ’S e faclair eachdraidheil a tha seo, coltach ri na faclairean m&amp;#xF2;ra a chaidh a chruthachadh airson na c&amp;#xE0;nain Albais agus Beurla, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.dsl.ac.uk&quot;&gt;Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue&lt;/a&gt;, Faclair N&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba, (&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.dsl.ac.uk&quot;&gt;Scottish National Dictionary&lt;/a&gt;) agus Faclair Beurla Oxford.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Th&amp;#xE8;id am faclair &amp;#xF9;r G&amp;#xE0;idhlig fhoillseachadh ann an riochd eileagtronaigeach an toiseach. Bidh am faclair a’ m&amp;#xEC;neachadh eachdraidh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus cultar nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal bhon chiad fhianais ann an l&amp;#xE0;mh-sgr&amp;#xEC;obhainn f&amp;#xEC;or-thr&amp;#xE0;th, a’ cur G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an co-theacs le G&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-&amp;#xC8;ireann. Agus a’ cheart cho cudromach sin, seallaidh e an ceangal eadar an d&amp;#xE0; she&amp;#xF2;rsa G&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;18 C&amp;#xE0;ite am faigh mi a-mach mu ainmean pearsanta G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cuid de dh’ainmean a bhuineas dhan dualchas nach gabh eadar-theangachadh gu d&amp;#xEC;reach dhan Bheurla: Oighrig, air a bheil sinn e&amp;#xF2;lach gu le&amp;#xF2;r mar Euphemia (Effie) no Henrietta (Etta) (roimhe sin mar Henny no fi&amp;#xF9; Harriet), no, Diorbhal, a th’air a cheangal ri Dorothy, gun adhbhar ach gu bheil an litreachadh cha mh&amp;#xF2;r co-ionann; Gormul, far nach eil c&amp;#xE0;il idir co-ionann ann am Beurla agus e ga thionndadh an uair sin gu 'Gormelia' ar neo 'Dorothy'; Beathag, a th’ air a cheangal ri Becky (&amp;gt; Rebecca) agus fi&amp;#xF9; Betsy, no Sophie.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cuid de dh’ainmean a’ nochdadh an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an d&amp;#xE8;idh tighinn bhon t-seann ch&amp;#xE0;nan Lochlannach, leithid, mar eisimpleir Somhairle a tha mar as trice air a thionndadh am Beurla gu Sorley (no, gu h-eachdraidheil, Somerled).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha sinn cho e&amp;#xF2;lach air cuid de dh’ainmean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu bheileas gan cleachdadh gu math tric taobh a-muigh saoghal na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann an riochdan Beurla, leithid: Ailean, Aonghas, D&amp;#xF2;mhnall, Donnchadh, Coinneach, Murchadh (Alan, Angus, Donald, Duncan, Kenneth, Murdo). Iain (John), Alasdair (Alexander), Uilleam (William), Catr&amp;#xEC;ona (Catherine), Raibert (Robert), Cairist&amp;#xEC;ona (Christina), Anna (Ann), M&amp;#xE0;iri (Mary), Seumas (James), P&amp;#xE0;draig (Patrick) agus T&amp;#xF2;mas (Thomas). Tha Hamish gu math cumanta agus nas &amp;#xF9;ire na sin tha Mhairi (le fuaim [va&amp;#x2D0;ri]) agus tha iad sin a’ tighinn d&amp;#xEC;reach bhon Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson Seumas, James, agus M&amp;#xE0;iri, Mary.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an leabhar &amp;#x2018;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.amazon.co.uk/Gaelic-Personal-Names-Donncha-OCorrain/dp/0906187397/ref=sr_1_6?s=books&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1307045401&amp;amp;sr=1-6&quot;&gt;Gaelic Personal Names&lt;/a&gt;&amp;#x2018; le Donncha O'Corrain agus Fidelma Maguire, a chaidh fhoillseachadh ann an 1981 gu math feumail airson toiseach-t&amp;#xF2;iseachaidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;19 A bheil p&amp;#xE0;ipearan-naidheachd G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil p&amp;#xE0;ipearan-naidheachd fa leth ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ach tha colbhan, naidheachdan agus artaigilean ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an grunn dhiubh, mar eisimpleir Courier Inbhir Nis, am Press &amp;amp; Journal, T&amp;#xEC;m an &amp;#xD2;bain, Gazette Ste&amp;#xF2;rnabhaigh agus P&amp;#xE0;ipear Beag an Eilein Sgitheanaich, a West Highland Free Press.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.scotsman.com/&quot;&gt;An t-Albannach&lt;/a&gt; (The Scotsman) an aon ph&amp;#xE0;ipear-naidheachd n&amp;#xE0;iseanta anns a bheil sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu cunbhalach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha tomhais de sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ri lorg ann am p&amp;#xE0;ipearan-naidheachd coimhearsnachd air taobh siar na d&amp;#xF9;thcha agus tha tomhais dhen stuth sin a-nise a’ nochdadh air l&amp;#xE0;raich-l&amp;#xEC;n.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;20 A bheil aibidil eadar-dhealaichte aig G&amp;#xE0;idhlig bho Bheurla?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha 18 litir anns an aibidil Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus a r&amp;#xE8;ir an dualchais bha ceangal aig gach litir ri ainm craoibhe no lus. Seo an fheadhainn nach eileas a’ cleachdadh ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig: j, k, q, v, w, x, y, z.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibhear &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.sqa.org.uk/files_ccc/SQA-Gaelic_Orthographic_Conventions-En-e.pdf&quot;&gt;comhairle&lt;/a&gt; bho sti&amp;#xF9;ir &amp;#xD9;ghdarras Theisteanas na h-Alba air mar is c&amp;#xF2;ir d&amp;#xE8;iligeadh ri faclan anns a bheil na litrichean sin a’ nochdadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;21 A bheil G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus Albais coltach air dh&amp;#xF2;igh sam bith?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cha bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir togail gu bheil Albais (Scots) co-ionnan ri Beurla Albannach no G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an Alba. Tha Albais ri chluinntinn ann an Alba, &amp;#xC8;ireann a Tuath agus anns a’ Phoblachd. Nochd rannsachadh a rinneadh le Riaghaltas na h-Alba gu robh 85% de na fhreagair an ceisteachan (mar sh&amp;#xE0;mhla de dh’inbhich na h-Alba) dhen bharail gu robh iad a’ bruidhinn Albais gu &amp;#xEC;re air choireigin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha Albais, a th’ air a mheas mar &amp;#x2018;ch&amp;#xE0;nan traidiseanta’ le Riaghaltas na h-Alba, air a chomharrachadh mar &amp;#x2018;ch&amp;#xE0;nan roinneil no mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nan’ fo Chairt E&amp;#xF2;rpach nam Mion-ch&amp;#xE0;nan ris an do chuir Riaghaltas an RA l&amp;#xE0;mh ann an 2001. Air uair, bidh daoine a’ gabhail &amp;#x2018;Albannais nan Cr&amp;#xEC;ochan’ (Lowland Scots) air a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan airson a chumail air leth bho Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig na h-Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Seach nach eil f&amp;#xEC;or aonta ann air tomhaisean a tha a’ soilleireachadh an diofar eadar c&amp;#xE0;nan agus dual-chainnt, bidh sgoilearan gu math tric a’ deasbad mun inbhe eachdraidheil, c&amp;#xE0;nanach agus s&amp;#xF2;isealta aig Albais. Le sin, thathas gu math tric a’ d&amp;#xE8;anamh dheth gur e t&amp;#xE8; de na seann se&amp;#xF2;rsaichean Beurla a th’ ann le dual-chainnt &amp;#xE0;raid dhith fh&amp;#xE8;in.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Air uair eile, th&amp;#xE8;id a mheas gu bheil Albais na c&amp;#xE0;nan Gearmailteach, anns an aon d&amp;#xF2;igh is a bheil a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan Lochlannach faisg air, ach eadar-dhealaichte bhon ch&amp;#xE0;nan Danmhairgeach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh ceist mu Albais a chur anns a’ Chunntas-sluaigh ann an Alba airson a’ chiad uair ann an 2011.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;22 Bheil G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ga bruidhinn an Alba a-mh&amp;#xE0;in?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a bhith an Ceap Breatainn agus Alba Nuadh airson c&amp;#xF2;rr is 200 bliadhna gun bhriseadh agus sin a-nis an &amp;#xEC;re mhath na h-aon &amp;#xE0;iteachan far an cluinnear G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu h-&amp;#xE0;bhaisteach taobh a-muigh Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha beagan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ri chluinntinn air Eilean a’ Phrionnsa (PEI), Bronsuig Nuadh, ann an Cunndaidh Ghlinn Garaidh ann an Ontario agus am measg eilthirich a tha a’ fuireach ann am pr&amp;#xEC;omh-bhailtean Chanada leithid Toronto.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Rinneadh Rannsachadh Buaidh Eaconamach le Riaghaltas Alba Nuadh ann an 2002 a bha a’ tomhas gu robh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ toirt a-steach $23.5 millean gach bliadhna, le faisg air 380,000 neach a’ frithealadh mu 2,070 tachartas G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gach bliadhna.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An d&amp;#xE8;idh an rannsachaidh seo th&amp;#xE0;inig aithisg agus ro-innleachd, &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gov.ns.ca/tch/pubs/GaelicStrategy-English.pdf&quot;&gt;The Gaelic Preservation Strategy&lt;/a&gt;, a ghabh eala ris a’ mhiann a bha anns a’ choimhearsnachd an c&amp;#xE0;nan a ghleidheadh agus aonta a shireadh air d&amp;#xF2;ighean leasachaidh iomchaidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh Oifis Iomairtean na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (Office of Gaelic Affairs), a st&amp;#xE8;idheachadh mar mheur dhen Riaghaltas roinneil anns an D&amp;#xF9;bhlachd 2006, leis an uallach a bhith a’ misneachadh agus a’ co-obrachadh leis a’ choimhearsnachd Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig rim faotainn ann an c&amp;#xF2;rr is dusan ionad foghlaim (leithid c&amp;#xF9;rsa air eachdraidh Chanada aig Ionad Tuath Nova, Alba Nuadh) a bharrachd air pr&amp;#xF2;graman adhartach aig &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cbu.ca/academics/celtic-culture-and-gaelic/&quot;&gt;Oilthighean Cheap Breatainn&lt;/a&gt;, Naomh &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Francis_Xavier_University&quot;&gt;Francis Xavier&lt;/a&gt;, agus &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://gaelicacademy.ca/&quot;&gt;Acadamaidh G&amp;#xE0;idhlig an Atlantaig&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha a’ cholaiste Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig airson Ealain agus Ci&amp;#xF9;ird Ceilteach ann an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaeliccollege.edu/&quot;&gt;St. Ann's&lt;/a&gt; a’ tairgse clasaichean samhraidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;23 A bheil soidhnichean rathaid ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig s&amp;#xE0;bhailte?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an grunn dh&amp;#xF9;thchannan leithid na Beilge, Fionnlan, &amp;#xC8;irinn agus an Eilbheis thathas a’ gabhail ri soidhnichean rathaid gu h-&amp;#xE0;bhaisteach agus chan eil ceist mh&amp;#xF2;r sam bith ga thogail mun d&amp;#xE8;idhinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an d&amp;#xF9;thchannan eile far nach eil iomadh-ch&amp;#xE0;nan &amp;#xE0;bhaisteach, tha a’ cheist gu math connspaideach aig amannan. Tha an deasbad mar as trice co-cheangailte ri s&amp;#xE0;bhailteachd agus cosgais.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chan eil dearbhadh sam bith ann a tha ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gu bheil soidhnichean le iomadh c&amp;#xE0;nan cunnartach. Tha soidhnichean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gam meas gu math cudromach ann a bhith a’ togail aire gu inbhe na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus ga h-&amp;#xE0;bhaisteachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Airson tuilleadh fiosrachaidh agus coimeas eadar soidhnichean rathaid iomadh-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach agus cuid de na ceistean a tha gan deasbad ann an Nirribhidh, Alba agus an Eadailt, cliog an &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/1842/2118/1/2007PuzeyGDissertationMSc.pdf&quot;&gt;seo&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;24 Bheil leithid de rud ann is G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &amp;#x2018;choitcheann’?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha beairteas is modhan cainnt l&amp;#xE0;idir is luachmhor anns a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cleas a h-uile c&amp;#xE0;nan eile a tha be&amp;#xF2; agus ag atharrachadh (Beurla nam measg) tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air raon farsaing de dh’fhaclan a ghabhail a-staigh thar nam bliadhnaichean. Tha iad air tighinn bho leithid Laideann, Greugais, Lochlannais, Beurla agus Fraingis mar a tha a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan air a bhith ga h-&amp;#xF9;rachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Air an l&amp;#xE0;imh eile, tha e cuideachd f&amp;#xEC;or gun deach tomhas mhath de dh’fhaclan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &amp;#xE0; Alba agus &amp;#xC8;ireann a thogail le c&amp;#xE0;nain eile, leithid Beurla.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Mar eisimpleir: tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig &lt;i&gt;galore&lt;/i&gt;, no gu le&amp;#xF2;r a’ nochdadh nar cainnt l&amp;#xE0;itheil. &amp;#x2018;&lt;i&gt;Do you twig&lt;/i&gt;’, no an tuig thu? &amp;#x2018;S d&amp;#xF2;cha gum bu mhiann leat uisge-beatha (ann an iomadh riochd)? Agus an d&amp;#xE8;idh drama no dh&amp;#xE0; a dhol gu c&amp;#xE8;ilidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;25 Bheil teisteanasan G&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann a bhiodh feumail son cosnadh?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha barrachd is barrachd chompanaidhean a-nis a’ lorg dhaoine le G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha grunn raointean obrach ann far a bheil e feumail ma tha comas air choireigin aig tagraiche ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus far a bheil sin buannachdail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air a mheas gu math cudromach ann an raointean leithid turasachd, teagasg, craoladh agus obraichean eile co-cheangailte riutha sin. A bharrachd air a bhith na c&amp;#xE0;nan inntinneach aig cridhe cultair agus dualchas na h-Alba, tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig fhathast na p&amp;#xE0;irt de bheatha dhaoine anns an latha an-diugh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an neach a dh’ionnsaicheas G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ faighinn tuigse air eachdraidh, &amp;#xF2;rain agus litreachas na l&amp;#xF9;ib, a bharrachd air buannachd cosnaidh. Tha ceudan chosnaidhean ann far a bheil G&amp;#xE0;idhlig cudromach, agus mar a tha coimhearsnachd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ f&amp;#xE0;s, thig cothroman eile an l&amp;#xF9;ib na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a r&amp;#xE8;ir sin.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha na h-oilthighean a-nis a’ tairgse raon de ch&amp;#xF9;rsaichean aig &amp;#xEC;re ceum le G&amp;#xE0;idhlig agus/no C&amp;#xE0;nain Ceilteach, gu math tric le taghadh de chuspairean eile. ’S e cuid de na h-ionadan a tha a’ teagasg G&amp;#xE0;idhlig Oilthighean Ghlaschu, Obar Dheathain, D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann, Sabhal M&amp;#xF2;r Ostaig anns an Eilean Sgitheanach, Colaiste a’ Chaisteil ann an Ste&amp;#xF2;rnabhagh, Colaiste Telford ann an D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann, agus Colaiste Stow ann an Glaschu.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.sqa.org.uk/sqa/CCC_FirstPage.jsp&quot;&gt;&amp;#xD9;ghdarras Teisteanas na h-Alba&lt;/a&gt; (SQA) a’ cur air adhart c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean fa-leth do dh’fhileantaich agus luchd-ionnsachaidh, agus ’s e &amp;#x2018;G&amp;#xE0;idhlig’ a’ th’ air an fheadhainn do dh’fhileantaich. Tha na c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean airson G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (Luchd-ionnsachaidh) agus G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ toirt a chothrom do dhaoine sgilean litreachais agus cainnt a leasachadh. Tha na c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean sin cuideachd a’ toirt sealladh is e&amp;#xF2;las air cultar, d&amp;#xF2;igh-smaoineachaidh agus &amp;#xE0;rainneachd coimhearsnachdan nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;26 An e t&amp;#xE8; de ch&amp;#xE0;nain c&amp;#xE0;nan n&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba a th’ anns a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha l&amp;#xE0;n ch&amp;#xF2;ir aig G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air leithid de dh’inbhe anns an t-seadh gu robhas ga bruidhinn air feadh a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid dhen d&amp;#xF9;thaich r&amp;#xE8; &amp;#xF9;ine. Chan eil sin ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gur h-i G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a-mh&amp;#xE0;in a’ ch&amp;#xE0;nan n&amp;#xE0;iseanta.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig teis-mheadhan saoghal cultarail na h-Alba. ’S i G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a bh’ aig seann r&amp;#xEC;ghrean na h-Alba agus bha i aig MacBheatha agus Raibeart Brus; agus tha m&amp;#xF2;ran ainmean-&amp;#xE0;ite air feadh na d&amp;#xF9;thcha an-diugh nan dearbhadh air mar a sgap na G&amp;#xE0;idheil tro Alba.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha gl&amp;#xE8; bheag de dh’&amp;#xE0;iteachan far nach eil co-dhi&amp;#xF9; beagan de chomharradh gun deach an ainmeachadh le G&amp;#xE0;idheil, bho &lt;i&gt;Balerno&lt;/i&gt; (baile &amp;#xE0;irneach &amp;#x2018;hawthorn farm’) ann am Meadhan Lodainn gu &lt;i&gt;Baile Mh&amp;#xE0;rtainn&lt;/i&gt; ann an Uibhist a Tuath, bho &lt;i&gt;Craigentinny&lt;/i&gt; (creag an t-sionnaich &amp;#x2018;fox craig’) ann an D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann gu &lt;i&gt;Aultivullin&lt;/i&gt; (allt a’ mhuilinn &amp;#x2018;mill burn’) ann am f&amp;#xEC;or cheann a tuath Ghallaibh; bho &lt;i&gt;Drummore&lt;/i&gt; (druim m&amp;#xF2;r &amp;#x2018;big ridge’) ann an Gall-Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealaibh gu &lt;i&gt;Cairnbulg&lt;/i&gt; (c&amp;#xE0;rn builg &amp;#x2018;gap cairn’) faisg air a’ Bhruaich.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an t&amp;#xF2;rr &amp;#xE0;iteachan far nach eilear a’ cleachdadh na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu h-&amp;#xE0;bhaisteach, leithid Gall-Gh&amp;#xE0;idhealaibh, F&amp;#xEC;obha no Siorrachd Obar Dheathain, tha an &amp;#xE0;rainneachd air a chomharrachadh le ainmean G&amp;#xE0;idhlig gu &amp;#xEC;re mh&amp;#xF2;ir. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anns na 12mh agus 13mh linn, nuair a bha G&amp;#xE0;idhlig aig a h-&amp;#xE0;irde air feadh Alba, bha luchd-labhairt na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig rin lorg anns a h-uile &amp;#xE0;ite. Tha rannsachadh a’ dearbhadh gur ann anns an 12mh linn a chaidh na h-ainmean &amp;#xE0;ite as cumanta leithid &lt;i&gt;baile&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x2018;farm, settlement’, agus &lt;i&gt;achadh&lt;/i&gt; &amp;#x2018;field’, a chleachdadh an toiseach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;27 D&amp;#xE8; na tha Riaghaltas na h-Alba a’ cosg air G&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an 2011-12, bidh an Riaghaltas an Alba a’ cosg mu &amp;#xA3;23 millean air G&amp;#xE0;idhlig. Tha seo mar gum biodh mu 0.07% den &amp;#xA3;29 billean ionmhais a th’ aig Riaghaltas na h-Alba gu h-iomlan.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A-mach &amp;#xE0;s an &amp;#xA3;23 millean, tha &amp;#xA3;5.1m mu choinneamh B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig; tha &amp;#xA3;4.6 millean air a chomharrachadh airson Sgeama nan Tabhartasan S&amp;#xF2;nraichte a tha air a roinn am measg nan 21 &amp;#xD9;ghdarras Ionadail feadh Alba; tha MG ALBA a’ faighinn taic de &amp;#xA3;11.8 millean airson an t-sianail telebhisein agus gnothaichean eile an-l&amp;#xF9;ib sin. Tha &amp;#xA3;1.1 millean ann an St&amp;#xF2;ras Calpa nan Sgoiltean airson cuideachadh le obair leithid togalaichean a bhiodh &amp;#xF9;ghdarrasan ionadail airson a thogail no a leasachadh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;28 Nach bu ch&amp;#xF2;ir do chloinn a bhith ag ionnsachadh c&amp;#xE0;nain eile leithid c&amp;#xE0;nan S&amp;#xEC;onach, no c&amp;#xE0;nan &amp;#xF9;r E&amp;#xF2;rpach?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha iomadh c&amp;#xE0;nan ri chluinntinn ann an Alba an-diugh, ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha suas gu 106 a-r&amp;#xE8;ir aithris. Tha iomadh cothrom an l&amp;#xF9;ib sin do shluagh d&amp;#xF9;thaich le timcheall air 5 millean duine a thaobh iomadachd cultair, cothroman eaconamach agus leasachaidhean foghlaim. Tha Riaghaltas na h-Alba ag r&amp;#xE0;dh gur e maoin luachmhor a th’ anns a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig dhan d&amp;#xF9;thaich.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha e cumanta gu le&amp;#xF2;r air feadh an t-saoghail gum biodh barrachd air d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan aig clann bho &amp;#xE0;m breith, ach anns a’ mh&amp;#xF2;r-chuid dhen Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa, ’s e gnothach caran &amp;#xF9;r a tha seo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Air sg&amp;#xE0;th sin, tha amharas ann gu bheil clann a tha a’ f&amp;#xE0;s suas le barrachd air aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan ann an suidheachadh &amp;#x2018;s&amp;#xF2;nraichte’ no fi&amp;#xF9;s &amp;#x2018;cunnartach’ a-thaobh an leasachaidh agus tha d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas fhathast air a chuairteachadh le m&amp;#xEC;-thuigse agus beachdan &amp;#xE0;icheil. ’S e cion-fiosrachaidh a th’ air c&amp;#xF9;l m&amp;#xF2;ran dhen seo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e cnag na c&amp;#xF9;ise nach eil mothachadh gu le&amp;#xF2;r aig daoine air na buannachdan a tha an l&amp;#xF9;ib d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas agus ’s e f&amp;#xEC;rinn na c&amp;#xF9;ise gu bheil a bhith ag ionnsachadh ch&amp;#xE0;nan, agus chan eil e gu diofar cia mheud, gu math feumail agus tha iomadh buannachd na l&amp;#xF9;ib do luchd-ionnsachaidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;29 D&amp;#xE8; na buannachdan a tha an l&amp;#xF9;ib d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha rannsachadh air dearbhadh gu bheil d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanas a’ cuideachadh chloinne gan leasachadh agus gan toirt air adhart. Tha clann a tha air a bhith le barrachd air aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan nas dualtaich a bhith mothachail air diofar chultaran, air daoine eile agus am beachdan fa-leth. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha iad cuideachd buailteach a bhith nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr air iomadh-gn&amp;#xEC;omh, agus a bhith a’ cumail aire air c&amp;#xF9;isean.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gu math tric tha iad adhartach ann an sgilean leughaidh agus tha e gu math nas fhasa dhaibh c&amp;#xE0;nain eile a thogail. Tha d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan a’ tairgse m&amp;#xF2;ran a bharrachd air d&amp;#xE0; ch&amp;#xE0;nan do chloinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ann an 2011 bha Foghlam tron Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ri fhaighinn ann an 14 sg&amp;#xEC;re &amp;#xD9;ghdarrais Ionadail an Alba agus tha e air a dhearbhadh mar aon de na d&amp;#xF2;ighean as fhe&amp;#xE0;rr air tighinn gu fileantachd. Tha air soirbheachadh le Foghlam tron Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig ann a bhith a’ togail aire agus &amp;#xF9;idh dhaoine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dhearbh rannsachadh &amp;#xF9;r bho Oilthigh Dh&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann gu bheil clann air an oideachadh tron Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig cho math no nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr na clann le aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan ann an iomadach d&amp;#xF2;igh. Tha clann a tha dol tro fhoghlam G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a’ buannachadh ann an d&amp;#xF2;ighean ionnsachaidh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha cothrom aca air litreachas eile agus d&amp;#xF2;ighean eile air a bhith a’ smaoineachadh agus gan gi&amp;#xF9;lain fh&amp;#xE8;in. Tha tuigse nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr aig clann le G&amp;#xE0;idhlig air an &amp;#xE0;ite ann am f&amp;#xE8;in-aithne chultair na h-Alba. Tha iomadh cothrom cosnaidh a bharrachd aig clann a tha d&amp;#xE0;-ch&amp;#xE0;nanach. Tha clann a fhuair barrachd air aon ch&amp;#xE0;nan nan &amp;#xF2;ige nas buailtiche a bhith nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr air an aire a chumail air iomadh-gn&amp;#xEC;omhan. Tha iad nas fhe&amp;#xE0;rr air leughadh agus tha e nas fhasa dhaibh c&amp;#xE0;nain eile a thogail.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;&amp;#10;            oucontent-activity&amp;#10;           oucontent-s-heavybox1 oucontent-s-box &amp;#10;        oucontent-s-noheading&amp;#10;      &quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-outer-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-inner-box&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-question&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;30 C&amp;#xE0;ite am faigh mi fiosrachadh mu &amp;#xF2;rain Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-saq-answer&quot;&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4&quot;&gt;Answer&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.tobarandualchais.co.uk/&quot;&gt;Tobar an Dualchais&lt;/a&gt; (Kist o Riches) fhoillseachadh an toiseach ann an 2010. Tha na m&amp;#xEC;ltean de dh’&amp;#xF2;rain cl&amp;#xE0;raichte an seo bho ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig, am Beurla agus ann an Albais. Tha sgeulachdan ann, &amp;#xF2;rain, beul-aithris, b&amp;#xE0;rdachd agus iomadh se&amp;#xF2;rsa fiosrachaidh eile. Chaidh an stuth a chruinneachadh air feadh Alba bho na 1930an.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chaidh na th’ air a chl&amp;#xE0;radh a thional bho Sgoil E&amp;#xF2;lais na h-Alba (Oilthigh Dh&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann), BBC Alba agus Cruinneachadh a’ Chaimbeulaich a tha le Urras N&amp;#xE0;iseanta na h-Alba ann an Canaigh.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;’S e 2010 Bliadhna nan &amp;#xD2;ran air BBC Radio nan G&amp;#xE0;idheal agus BBC ALBA agus tron bhliadhna chaidh sreath de phr&amp;#xF2;graman s&amp;#xF2;nraichte a chraoladh, nam measg &amp;#xD2;ran an L&amp;#xE0;, far an deach aon &amp;#xF2;ran a chomharrachadh mu choinneimh gach latha anns a’ bhliadhna le fiosrachadh mionaideach mun deidhinn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Tha an l&amp;#xE0;rach-l&amp;#xEC;n &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/oran/&quot;&gt;Bliadhna nan Oran&lt;/a&gt; again mar dh&amp;#xEC;leab bhon phr&amp;#xF2;iseact sin agus tha cothrom an sin s&amp;#xF9;il a thoirt air an fhiosrachadh a tha an-l&amp;#xF9;ib nan &amp;#xF2;ran ann an d&amp;#xF2;igh s&amp;#xEC;mplidh agus furasta a l&amp;#xE0;imhseachadh. Tha an l&amp;#xE0;rach air a roinn ann an earannan leithid &amp;#xD2;rain, Sgr&amp;#xEC;obhaichean, Cuspairean, A-Z agus M&amp;#xF2;d.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=7</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Notaichean</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=8</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;ol class=&quot;oucontent-numbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Na leabhar ainmeil, &lt;i&gt;The History of the Celtic Place-Names of Scotland&lt;/i&gt;, sgr&amp;#xEC;obh am Proifeasair MacBh&amp;#xE0;tair: &amp;#x2018;Malcolm, son of Kenneth, routed the Northumbrians in the great and decisive battle of Carham in AD 1018, and fixed the boundary of Scotland practically as it stands now... It was during this period, probably from about AD 960 onwards, that Gaelic came to be current in Lothian; there is some evidence that it extended beyond the present boundary of Scotland.’&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Bidh sliochd nan Albannach air feadh an t-saoghail gu tric a’ fuaimneachadh a’ chinnidh &lt;i&gt;Menzies&lt;/i&gt; mar &amp;#x2018;MEN-zeez’ agus tha iongnadh orra nuair a chluinneas iad am fuaimneachadh ann an Alba fh&amp;#xE8;in, &amp;#x2018;MING-iss’. Tha e coltach gun t&amp;#xE0;inig t&amp;#xF9;sairean a’ chinnidh &amp;#xE0; Mesnieres ann an Normandaidh. ’S e &lt;i&gt;de Meyneris&lt;/i&gt; a bh’ orra ann am Beurla, a’ leantainn na d&amp;#xF2;igh Normanaich, agus &lt;i&gt;M&amp;#xE8;innearach&lt;/i&gt; ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig (mar an ceudna, &amp;#x2018;s &lt;i&gt;de Brus&lt;/i&gt; a bh’ air Bruce ann am Beurla agus &lt;i&gt;Brus&lt;/i&gt; ann an G&amp;#xE0;idhlig). Cha robh an &amp;#x2018;z’ ann am &lt;i&gt;Menzies&lt;/i&gt; na &amp;#x2018;z’ bho th&amp;#xF9;s idir, ach litir ris an canar &amp;#x2018;yogh’ a bh’ ann an seann aibidilean na h-Albais is na Beurla Mheadhanaich; bha i air a sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh mar &amp;#x2018;&amp;#x21D;’ ach air a fuaimneachadh mar &amp;#x2018;y’. Gu minic, cha robh yogh ri fhaighinn don fheadhainn a bha a’ cur sgr&amp;#xEC;obhadh ann an cl&amp;#xF2; agus chuireadh iad &amp;#x2018;z’ na &amp;#xE0;ite (an litir a b’ fhaisge ann an cumadh), a’ toirt atharrachadh air fuaimneachadh an ainm ann am Beurla. Ach cha deach atharrachadh a thoirt air a’ Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig – ’s e M&amp;#xE8;innearach a chanar fhathast. Tha cur-a-steach an &amp;#x2018;z’ an &amp;#xE0;ite yogh air fuaimneachaidhean eile de dh’fhaclan Albais st&amp;#xE8;idhichte air feadhainn Gh&amp;#xE0;idhlig atharrachadh a bharrachd, leithid &lt;i&gt;capercailzie&lt;/i&gt; (capall coille), &lt;i&gt;MacKenzie&lt;/i&gt; (MacCoinnich) agus&lt;i&gt; Cockenzie&lt;/i&gt; (C&amp;#xF9;il Choinnich).&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Bha Achd na Comhairle Dh&amp;#xEC;omhair anns an D&amp;#xF9;bhlachd 1616 mar a leanas: Forsameikle as the Kingis Majestie having a speciall care and regaird that the trew religioun be advancit and establisheit in all the pairtis of this kingdome and that all his Majesties subjectis especiallie the youth, be exercised and trayned up in civilitie, godliness, knawledge, and learning, that the vulgar Inglishe toung be universallie plantit, and the Irische language, whilk is one of the cheif and principall causes of the continewance of barbarite and incivilitie amongis the inhabitantis of the Ilis and Heylandis, may be abolishit and removeit; and quhair as thair is no measure more powerfull to further his Majesties princlie regaird and purpois that the establisheing of Scooles in the particular parroches of this Kingdom whair the youthe may be taught at least to write and reid, and be catechised and instructed in the groundis of religioun.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Sgr&amp;#xEC;obh a’ bhuidheann: &amp;#x2018;Nothing can be more effectual for reducing these Countries to order and making them usefull to the Commonwealth, than teaching them their duty to God, their King and Countrey, and rooting out their Irish language, and this has been the care of the Society so far as it could, for all the Schollars are taught in English.’&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;’S e amas &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/7&quot;&gt;Achd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:0&quot;&gt;&amp;#xA0;&lt;/span&gt; (Alba) 2005 inbhe is follaiseachd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig a thoirt am feabhas ann am buidhnean a thig fo &amp;#xF9;ghdarras P&amp;#xE0;rlamaid na h-Alba. Chaidh am Bile airson na h-Achd tron Ph&amp;#xE0;rlamaid air 21 Giblean 2005 agus fhuair i Cead R&amp;#xEC;oghail air 1 &amp;#xD2;gmhios 2005. Seo mar a th&amp;#xF2;isicheas i: &lt;i&gt;An Act of the Scottish Parliament to establish a body having functions exercisable with a view to securing the status of the Gaelic language as an official language of Scotland commanding equal respect to the English language, including the functions of preparing a national Gaelic language plan, of requiring certain public authorities to prepare and publish Gaelic language plans in connection with the exercise of their functions and to maintain and implement such plans, and of issuing guidance in relation to Gaelic education.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Tha cuid de sgoilearan dhen bheachd gun t&amp;#xE0;inig an c&amp;#xE0;nan t&amp;#xF9;sail P-Ceilteach gu bith (le &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt;- a’ gabhail &amp;#xE0;ite &lt;i&gt;qu&lt;/i&gt;-) ann am meadhan na Roinn E&amp;#xF2;rpa anns a’ chiad mh&amp;#xEC;le bliadhna RC ach nach do r&amp;#xE0;inig e &amp;#xC8;irinn no na sg&amp;#xEC;rean Ceilteach anns an Rubha Ib&amp;#xEC;rianach a dh’fhuirich Q-Ceilteach. Mar sin, tha an sgaradh eadar an d&amp;#xE0; mheur de na c&amp;#xE0;nanan Ceilteach air a bhith ann fad &amp;#xF9;ine mh&amp;#xF2;r.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Gheibhear fiosrachadh inntinneach mun Chuimris ann an Argentina ann an &amp;#xD3; N&amp;#xE9;ill, Diarmuid (deas.) &lt;i&gt;Rebuilding the Celtic Languages: Reversing Language Shift in the Celtic Countries&lt;/i&gt; Y Lolfa 2005.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Mar eisimpleir, chl&amp;#xE0;r Gibb, ann an Leabhar a Dh&amp;#xE0; de &lt;i&gt;Sculptured Stones of Scotland &lt;/i&gt;aig John Stuart 1867, obair mar an Kildalton Cross ann an &amp;#xCC;le agus Crois an Naoimh M&amp;#xE0;rtainn ann an Eilean &amp;#xCC;. Bha &lt;i&gt;Sculptured&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Monuments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; of Iona and the West &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Highlands&lt;/i&gt; aig Drummond, a chaidh fhoillseachadh ann an 1881, cudromach leis gun do tharraing e aire chun na stoidhle snaidheadaireachd seo a bha an impis a dhol &amp;#xE0; cuimhne.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;
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      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=8</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
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    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Ceumannan Eile</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=9</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;An d&amp;#xE8;idh dhuibh cr&amp;#xEC;och a chur air an aonad seo, ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha gum bu mhiann leibh aonad eile air OpenLearn a dh&amp;#xE8;anamh. Dh’fhaodadh sibh s&amp;#xF9;il a thoirt orra seo:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/course/view.php?id=3824&quot;&gt;An introduction to law in contemporary Scotland (W150_2)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/course/view.php?id=3786&quot;&gt;The poetry of Sorley MacLean (A319_1)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www8.open.ac.uk/choose/ou/openlearnscotland&quot;&gt;OpenLearn Scotland&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts&quot;&gt;History &amp;amp; The Arts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Nam biodh sibh airson ionnsachadh gu foirmeil mar oileanach aig an Oilthigh Fhosgailte ’s d&amp;#xF2;cha gum biodh sibh airson s&amp;#xF9;il a thoirt air na c&amp;#xF9;rsaichean a leanas:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/course/w150.htm&quot;&gt;W150 An introduction to law in contemporary Scotland&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/course/y180.htm&quot;&gt;Y180 Making sense of the arts&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/undergraduate/arts-and-humanities/index.htm&quot;&gt;Arts and Humanities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Gheibh sibh a-mach mu ionnsachadh leis an Oilthigh Fhosgailte: &lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/explained/&quot;&gt;OU study explained&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/skillsforstudy/index.php&quot;&gt;Skills for study&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;Math dh’fhaodte gum biodh sibh airson:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul class=&quot;oucontent-unnumbered&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Brath a chur air f&amp;#xF2;ram an aonaid a dh’fhoillseachadh ur beachdan air no bruidhinn ri luchd-cleachdaidh eile OpenLearn &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;D&amp;#xE8;an sgr&amp;#xF9;dadh air no cuir ri do Leabhar Ionnsachaidh&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Meas an t-aonad seo&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=9</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
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    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Further reading</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=__furtherreading</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;An Lasair&lt;/i&gt; – cruinneachadh de bh&amp;#xE0;rdachd na 18mh linn, deas. Raghnall Mac Ille Dhuibh, Polygon 2001&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;An Tuil&lt;/i&gt; – cruinneachadh de bh&amp;#xE0;rdachd na 20mh linn, deas. Raghnall Mac Ille Dhuibh, Polygon 1999&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt; &lt;i&gt;An Oidhche mus do she&amp;#xF2;l i&lt;/i&gt;, Aonghas P&amp;#xE0;draig Caimbeul, &amp;#xD9;r-sgeul, 2003&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt; &lt;i&gt;Samhraidhean D&amp;#xEC;omhair&lt;/i&gt;, Catriona Lexy Chaimbeul, &amp;#xD9;r-sgeul, 2009&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;B&amp;#xF9;rn is Aran&lt;/i&gt;, Iain Crichton Mac a’ Ghobhainn, Gairm, Glaschu, 1960&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;An Aghaidh Choimheach&lt;/i&gt;, Iain Moireach, Gairm, Glaschu, 1973&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;An Claigeann aig Damien Hirst&lt;/i&gt; – cruinneachadh de sgeulachdan goirid, &amp;#xD9;r-sgeul, 2008&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Na Balaich air R&amp;#xF2;naidh&lt;/i&gt;, Fionnlagh MacLe&amp;#xF2;id, Aberdeen University Press, 1972&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Songs of Gaelic Scotland&lt;/i&gt;, deas. Anna L. Nic Gill &amp;#xCC;osa, Birlinn, 2010&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Flower of the West&lt;/i&gt;, Aberdeen, 2000 (Eachdraidh Runrig)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Companion to Gaelic Scotland&lt;/i&gt;, deas. Ruaraidh MacTh&amp;#xF2;mais, Oxford, 1983&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Scotland’s Music&lt;/i&gt;, John Purser, Mainstream Publishing D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann, 1992&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;The Fiddle Music of &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Scotland&lt;/i&gt;, James Hunter, The Hardie Press, D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann 1987&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;The &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Highland&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; Bagpipe and its Music,&lt;/i&gt; Roderick Cannon, Birlinn, D&amp;#xF9;n &amp;#xC8;ideann, 2008&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;A National Collection of the National Instrument&lt;/i&gt; (leabhar agus CD) Hugh Cheape, 2008&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Psalms from the Hebrides of &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Scotland&lt;/i&gt; CD Vols 1-3. Ridge Records RR031&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-referenceitem&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Scottish Tradition:&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;Music from the Western Isles&lt;/i&gt;: Tangent Records Number 2. TNGM10&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;oucontent-copyright&quot;&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=__furtherreading</guid>
          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
          <dc:type>Course</dc:type>
          <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
          <dc:language>en-GB</dc:language>
          <dc:relation>http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/history-the-arts</dc:relation>
          <dc:relation>http://www3.open.ac.uk/study/</dc:relation>
          <dc:rights>Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions terms and conditions), this content is made available under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence</dc:rights>
      <cc:license>Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence - see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/ - Original copyright The Open University</cc:license>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Acknowledgements</title>
      <link>http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/mod/oucontent/view.php?id=406330&amp;section=__acknowledgements</link>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 10:45:54 GMT</pubDate>
      <description>&lt;p&gt;The unit was funded by generous donations from The Open University’s alumni. Thank you.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 1 &lt;i&gt;Gaelic as a national language of &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;Scotland&lt;/i&gt; was written by Roddy Maclean&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 2 &lt;i&gt;Celtic roots and international reach&lt;/i&gt; was written by Roddy Maclean&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 3 &lt;i&gt;Gaelic in the modern era&lt;/i&gt; was written by Dr Donald John MacLeod&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 4 &lt;i&gt;Gaelic – the rationale &lt;/i&gt;was written by Dr Donald John MacLeod&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 5 &lt;i&gt;How the Gaelic language works &lt;/i&gt;was written by Dr Donald John MacLeod&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 6.1 &lt;i&gt;The art of the &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;G&amp;#xE0;idhealtachd&lt;/i&gt; was written by Professor Murdo MacDonald&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 6.2 &lt;i&gt;Gaelic music and song&lt;/i&gt; was written by Dr Hugh Dan MacLennan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 6.3 &lt;i&gt;Dance&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;was written by Dr Hugh Dan MacLennan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 6.4 &lt;i&gt;Gaelic literature&lt;/i&gt; was written by Dr Donald John MacLeod&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 6.5 &lt;i&gt;Sports and pastimes &lt;/i&gt;was written by Dr Hugh Dan MacLennan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Section 7 &lt;i&gt;FAQs&lt;/i&gt; was written by Dr Hugh Dan MacLennan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This unit was edited in English by Jo MacDonald and Lucy MacLeod, and in Gaelic by Jo MacDonald.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Grateful acknowledgement is made to the following people for their support and permission to reproduce material in this unit:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;BBC ALBA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;043c&quot; xml:lang=&quot;043c&quot;&gt;B&amp;#xF2;rd na G&amp;#xE0;idhlig&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;043c&quot; xml:lang=&quot;043c&quot;&gt;National Galleries Scotland&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Will Lamb&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Alasdair MacCailum&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fiona Dunn&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;DW Stewart&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kathryn Farrell&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Except for third party materials and otherwise stated (see &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/conditions&quot;&gt;terms and conditions&lt;/a&gt;), this content is made available under a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/uk/&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 Licence&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Various audiovisual clips used courtesy of BBC ALBA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Boxes&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Box&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt; 6&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;:&lt;/b&gt; The act an overview &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&quot;&gt;http://www.gaidhlig.org.uk/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Figures&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unit image:&lt;/b&gt; iStock&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 1:&lt;/b&gt; Footprint of Dunadd: from Programme 1 Adhart by Ishbel MacLean Productions for BBC&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 4:&lt;/b&gt; Queen Margaret: This image is made available by Wikipedia on &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Creative_Commons&quot;&gt;Creative Commons&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en&quot;&gt;Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 6:&lt;/b&gt; James Stuart Memorial: courtesy of &amp;#xA9; Roddy Maclean&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 7:&lt;/b&gt; Language tree: courtesy of Jack Lynch &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 8:&lt;/b&gt; courtesy of Rosemania/Flickr&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 9:&lt;/b&gt; La Tene Art: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://autocww.colorado.edu&quot;&gt;http://autocww.colorado.edu&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 11:&lt;/b&gt; 2.2 Map: courtesy of Tormod Kinnes &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://oaks/nvg.org/celin&quot;&gt;http://oaks/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;nvg.org/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;celin&lt;/a&gt; (c) 2000-2010&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 15:&lt;/b&gt; Flag: courtesy of Gaelic Affairs, a Division of the Department of Communities, Culture and Heritage, Province of Nova Scotia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 16:&lt;/b&gt; Book covers from: Damien Hirst's Skull by Michael Klevenhaus available in German (Der Schadel von Damien Hirst) and Gaelic (An Claigeann aig Damien Hirst): Ur-sgeul &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.ur-sgeul.com/&quot;&gt;http://www.ur-sgeul.com/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Collage courtesy of &amp;#xA9;Dr Donald John Macleod,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 19:&lt;/b&gt; Big Gaelic Day: courtesy The Highland Council &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.highland.gov.uk&quot;&gt;www.highland.gov.uk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 20:&lt;/b&gt; Gaelic Medium Primary School Education pupil numbers: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cnag.org.uk&quot;&gt;http://www.cnag.org.uk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 21:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.bsgi.highland.sch.uk&quot;&gt;www.bsgi.highland.sch.uk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 22:&lt;/b&gt; Wikimedia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 24:&lt;/b&gt; GME residential learning event in Skye in 2006: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cnag.org.uk&quot;&gt;www.cnag.org.uk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 25:&lt;/b&gt; Ellen Bialystok: news.yorku.can&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 26:&lt;/b&gt; Dr Donald John Macleod &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 27:&lt;/b&gt; A map of An t-sr&amp;#xF2;n, &amp;#x2018;the nose’: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.allferries.co.uk&quot;&gt;http://www.allferries.co.uk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figures 28 and 29:&lt;/b&gt; Iain and Sine courtesy of Iain and Sine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 30:&lt;/b&gt; Aonghas MacNeacail: &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.aonghasmacneacail.co.uk&quot;&gt;http://www.aonghasmacneacail.co.uk&lt;/a&gt;, courtesy of Aonghas MacNeacail&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Section 5 images:&lt;/b&gt; iStockphoto.com&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Montage of children’s book covers adapted from:&lt;/b&gt; Mar a Chuala mise e, told by Mairi Kidd, illustrated by Nicola O' Byrne, St&amp;#xF2;rlann, 2011; Aodach, by Catherine Anholt , Acair Ltd (2007); Bha cailleach ann turas a shluig cuileag mho&amp;#x300;r&amp;#xA0;,by Pam Adams, Swindon, Child's Play (International), 1996; An Tractar agus an Liobht by Catriona Black, Acair Ltd ( 2010); An Gruffalo by Julia Donaldson , Acair Ltd ( 2007); Air do bhonnagan a ghaoil edited by Norman Campbell , Acair Ltd (2005); Am Prionnsa Beag by Antoine De Saint-Exupery , Nadine Sauer Edition Tintenfa (2008)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 31: &lt;/b&gt;Scottish Parliament : &amp;#xA9; unknown&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 32:&lt;/b&gt; Illustrations: BBC ALBA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 33:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://meetup.gaelicglasgow.org.uk/&quot;&gt;http://meetup.gaelicglasgow.org.uk/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 33:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.glasgowgaelic.glasgow.sch.uk&quot;&gt;www.glasgowgaelic.glasgow.sch.uk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 34:&lt;/b&gt; Map iStockphoto.com, Old Deer image made available from Wikimedia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 38:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;William McTaggart, The Sailing of the Emigrant Ship, National Gallery of &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;en-US&quot; xml:lang=&quot;en-US&quot;&gt;Scotland&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 39:&lt;/b&gt; An example of Will Maclean’s Memorial Cairns (Aignis), courtesy of Murdo MacDonald&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 40:&lt;/b&gt; City Art Centre, Edinburgh: courtesy of Murdo MacDonald&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 41:&lt;/b&gt; Crannghal, courtesy of Murdo MacDonald&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 42:&lt;/b&gt; A waulking song group in South Uist. &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.tobarandualchais.co.uk&quot;&gt;http://www.tobarandualchais.co.uk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 43:&lt;/b&gt; A scene from the opera Hiort: St Kilda: Courtesy of Proisect nan Ealan, the Gaelic National Arts Agency&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 44:&lt;/b&gt; Cover from Aneka’s &amp;#x2018;Japanese Boy’ (1981) , Hansa International&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 47:&lt;/b&gt; Highland dancing made available on Wikipedia on a &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License&quot;&gt;Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 3.0 Unported License&lt;/a&gt; (CC-BY-SA)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 48:&lt;/b&gt; Sorley MacLean – courtesy of Dr Julian Toms&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 54:&lt;/b&gt; The Littlejohn album photo courtesy of Dr H D MacLennan&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 55:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;Shinty in 21st century photo Willie Thornton of Largs&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Figure 56:&lt;/b&gt; Runrig &amp;#x2018;Everything You See’ (2007) album cover&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Montage of adult books adapted from:&lt;/b&gt; Fo Sgail a Swastika: Under the Shadow of the Swastika by Donald J MacDonald , Acair Ltd ( 2000); Essential Gaelic Dictionary – by &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.amazon.co.uk/Boyd-Robertson/e/B001HQ361Q/ref=ntt_athr_dp_pel_1&quot;&gt;Boyd Robertson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.amazon.co.uk/Essential-Gaelic-Dictionary-Teach-Yourself/dp/1444103997/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1312368163&amp;amp;sr=1-1&quot;&gt;http://www.amazon.co.uk/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Essential-Gaelic-Dictionary-Teach-Yourself/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dp/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;1444103997/&lt;span class=&quot;oucontent-hidespace&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;qid=1312368163&amp;amp;sr=1-1&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.amazon.co.uk/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&amp;amp;search-alias=books-uk&amp;amp;field-author=Ian%20MacDonald&quot;&gt;Ian MacDonald&lt;/a&gt;, Teach Yourself ( 2010); Suthainn Sior by Norma NicLeoid, &amp;#xD9;r-Sgeul 2011; Orain Lizzie a’Ghlinne by Ealasaid SHUTHARLAN, [Stornoway] Comhairle nan leabhraichean 2010; Sulaisgeir:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Authors: Catriona MacGeoch, John Love, Finlay Macleod, Acair Ltd ( 2010); Cleasan A' Bhaile Mhor by Catriona Lexy Campbell, Sandstone Press Ltd; SMP ed edition (2009); Impireachd by Iain F. MacLeoid, 2010, &amp;#xD9;r-Sgeul 2010; Cocoa and Crabs/Coco is Crubagan: A Hebridean Childhood by Flora MacDonald , The Islands Book Trust ( 2009); Verbots: Learn 101 Scottish Gaelic Verbs by Rory Ryder , Tsunami Systems (2009); An Cuilithionn 1939: The Cuillin 1939 and Unpublished Poems by Sorley Maclean, Christopher Whyte (Editor); Association for Scottish Literary Studies (2011); The Gaelic-English Dictionary: A Dictionary of Scottish Gaelic by Colin B.D. Mark , Routledge; 1 edition (2003); An Druim Bho Thuath by Tormod Caimbeul , &amp;#xD9;r-Sgeul 2011; Cleas Sgathain by Mairi Anna NicDhomhnaill,, Publisher: &amp;#xD9;r-Sgeul 2008; DUALCHAS AN AGHAIDH NAN CREAG (THE GAELIC REVIVAL 1890–2020) by Domhnall Iain MacLeoid, CLO BEAG; Orain nan Gaidheal: Gaelic Sea-Songs and Lullabies v. 3: Songs of the Gael edited by Bruce Campbell, Gairm Publications (1994); Meas Air Chrannaibh (Fruit on Branches) by Angus Peter Campbell, Acair Ltd (2007) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Graphs&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;Graph: &amp;#xA9; K MacKinnon, Sgr&amp;#xF9;d, www.sgrud.org.uk&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Graph: Compiled by the research agency Sgr&amp;#xF9;d &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.sgrud.org.uk&quot;&gt;www.sgrud.org.uk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h4 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Text&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Poem:&lt;/b&gt; Marilyn Monroe by Aonghas Macneacail &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.aonghasmacneacail.co.uk/&quot;&gt;http://www.aonghasmacneacail.co.uk/&lt;/a&gt; &amp;#xA9;aonghasmacneacail Courtesy of Aonghas MacNeacail&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Poem:&lt;/b&gt; Scotland V Argentina &amp;#xA9; Derick Thomson&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h2 class=&quot;oucontent-h3 oucontent-basic&quot;&gt;Don’t miss out:&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;p&gt;1. Join the 200,000 students currently studying with the &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/&quot;&gt;Open University&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2. Enjoyed this? Browse through our host of free course materials on &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/&quot;&gt;LearningSpace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;3. Or browse more topics on &lt;a class=&quot;oucontent-hyperlink&quot; href=&quot;http://www.open.ac.uk/openlearn/&quot;&gt;OpenLearn&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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          <dc:title>Cànan nan Gàidheal</dc:title>
          <dc:subject>Arts and Humanities</dc:subject>
          <dc:description>’S e dùthaich ioma-chànanach a tha ann an Alba an-diugh. Tha a’ Ghàidhlig, Albais agus Beurla, còmhla ri cànain Eòrpach agus eile a tha nise san dùthaich, uile a’ toirt buaidh air mar a tha sluagh Alba a’ bruidhinn ri chèile agus ris a’ chòrr dhen t-saoghal.

Chaidh an t-aonad seo -  a tha ri fhaotainn an Gàidhlig agus am Beurla - a chruthachadh le misneachadh bho Bhòrd na Gàidhlig agus le taic bhon a’ BhBC. Tha e na ghoireas do dhuine sam bith  aig a bheil ùidh phearsanta no phroifeiseanta ann a bhith a’ cur ris an eòlas agus an tuigse a tha aca air eachdraidh agus buaidh na Gàidhlig agus cultar nan Gàidheal air Alba.

Is mathaid gum bi pàirt dheth na iongnadh, pàirt na dhùbhlan. Tha beachdan agus ceangalan ann a threòraicheas neach gu tuilleadh fiosrachaidh. Do chuid, ’s dòcha gum bi seo na thoiseach tòiseachaidh air cànan a tha bunaiteach a thaobh dearbh-aithne nàiseanta na h-Alba ionnsachadh.</dc:description>
          <dc:publisher>The Open University</dc:publisher>
          <dc:creator>The Open University</dc:creator>
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          <dc:identifier>Gaidhlig_1</dc:identifier>
          <dc:source>Cànan nan Gàidheal - Gaidhlig_1</dc:source>
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